南极适冷菌Rheinheimera sp.97产抗菌活性物质发酵条件的优化

[目的]优化南极适冷菌Rheinheimera sp.97产抗菌活性物质的发酵条件.[方法]通过单因素和正交试验对南极适冷菌R.sp.97产抗菌活性物质的发酵培养基进行了优化,并通过单因素试验对其发酵条件进行了优化.[结果]菌株R.sp.97产抗菌活性物质的最佳培养基为:蛋白胨3.0g/L,硫酸1.0g/L,淀粉2.0g/L,NaCl 15.0g/L;最佳发酵条件为:发酵培养基初始pH8,发酵温度10℃,摇瓶装液量30.0%(V/V),接种量1.0%(V/V).优化后菌株R.sp.97发酵液的抗菌活性较优化前提高了22.2%.[结论]为研究南极适冷菌R.sp.97的活性物质奠定了基础.     

1株乳酸生产菌的筛选及发酵培养基的优化

[目的]为乳酸菌的发酵生产奠定基础.[方法]从14株耐碱微生物中筛选出1株性能优良的产乳酸菌LP3-3,并通过单因素试验对该菌发酵生产乳酸的培养基进行优化.[结果]产乳酸菌LP3-3经16S rRNA序列测定初步鉴定为金橙黄微小杆菌(Exiguobacteriumauramiacum).经优化,产乳酸菌LP3-3培养基中最佳碳源是葡萄糖,最佳氮源是酵母膏,酵母膏用量为1%,碳氮比为5.确定了其最佳发酵培养基组成:葡萄糖50.0 g/L,酵母膏10.0 g/L,蛋白胨4.0 g/L,乙酸钠(无水)2.0 g/L,柠檬酸三铵2.0 g/L,K<,2>HPO<,4>·H<,2>O2.0g/L,MgSO<,4>·7H<,2>0.2 g/L,MnCl<,2>o4H<,2>O0.05 g/L,吐温80 ml/L,NaCl 40 g/L,初始pH为9.0.[结论]通过培养基的优化提高了产乳酸菌LP3-3的活力.     

多黏芽孢杆菌液态发酵条件的初步研究

[目的]优化多黏芽孢杆菌(Paenibacilus polymyxa)液态发酵的条件.[方法]在单因素试验基础上,栗用正交试验对多黏芽孢杆菌液态发酵培养条件进行优化.[结果]确定的最佳培养基配方和培养条件为:马铃薯250.0 g/L,白砂糖20.0g/L,玉米粉30.0 g/L,NaNO<,3>1.0 g/L,(NH<,4>)<.2>SO1.5 g/L,KH<,2>PO<,4>1.0g/L,pH6.5,装液量100 ml/250 ml(V/V),接种量5%(WV),培养温度37℃,摇床转速150 r/min,培养周期72 h.[结论]该研究可为工业化生产多黏芽孢杆菌提供参考.     

同时高产甘露聚糖肽与乳酶生发酵条件的研究

[目的]探索同时高产甘露聚糖肽和乳酶生的最佳发酵条件.[方法]以甲型溶血性链球菌H1S-33号为菌株,进行液体发酵培养,在各个时间段分别取样测定活菌数及甘露聚糖肽含量,确定最佳培养条件.[结果]在液体发酵过程中,28 h发酵液中甘露聚糖肽含量最高为69.2 μg/ml,活菌数最多为2.38×1016个/ml.[结论]同时高产甘露聚糖肽与乳酶生发酵条件为:培养基由牛肉膏、蛋白胨、酵母骨、氯化钠组成,发酵温度37℃,最佳发酵时间28 h.     

海水养殖甲壳类动物幼体益生菌N6发酵条件的优化研究

[目的]优化海水养殖甲壳类动物幼体益生菌 A.isolate N6 的发酵条件.[方法]通过单因子和多因子正交试验,对菌株 N6 的培养基成分及发酵条件进行了优化.[结果]最佳发酵条件为:葡萄糖 6.0 g/L,硫酸铵 6.0 g/L,酵母膏 1.5 g/L,NaCl 1.0 g/L,初始 pH7.2,摇床转速 180 r/min,接种量 3%,温度 26℃,培养周期 24 h,得到的活菌数达到 2.34×10<'11>cfu/ml,比优化前提高了 129%.[结论]为该益生菌制剂的研制及推广应用奠定了基础.     

正交试验优化L-色氨酸发酵培养基的研究

[目的]优化L-色氨酸发酵培养基.[方法]以大肠杆菌TRJH0709为供试菌株,通过单因素和正交试验研究了L-色氨酸合成的最佳发酵培养基.[结果]L-色氨酸最适发酵培养基为葡萄糖50.0 g/L、硫酸铵15.0 g/L、酵母粉1.5 g/L和柠檬酸2.0 g/L.其中葡萄糖对试验效果影响最大.在该最优条件下,L-色氨酸摇瓶产量可达19.0 g/L.[结论]为L-色氨酸的中试及工业化生产提供了理论依据.     

鼓槌石斛种子萌发培养与小苗组培快繁技术研究

[目的]利用鼓槌石斛蒴果,通过无菌播种萌发发育成苗及小苗快繁技术试验研究,从而获得大量种苗.[方法]用鼓槌石斛种子通过无菌播种获得大量原球茎,分别转接到4组不同的诱导芽培养基上,筛选出最适合鼓槌石斛小苗分化和成长的培养基,以其设置以N6为基本培养基.添加浓度均为1.0、1.5、2.0 mg/L的NAA和IAA,筛选最适合鼓槌石斛小苗生根壮苗培养基.[结果]将鼓槌石斛种子在MS+6-BA 1mg/L+10%香蕉汁+20 g/L蔗糖+6 g/L琼脂+1g/L AC培养基上进行培养种子,种子萌发率达90%以上;最利于原球茎分化的培养基为N6+NAA 2 mg/L+BA 0.5mg/L+10%香蕉汁+20 g/L蔗糖+0.5 g/L牛肉蛋白胨+5.8 g/L琼脂+0.5g/L AC,培养出的苗整齐度高,均匀;最佳生根壮苗培养基为N6+NAA 1.5 m昏/L+10%香蕉汁+20g/L蔗糖+5.8 g/L琼脂+1g/LAC,苗生根数多、粗壮、整齐,叶浓绿.[结论]该研究结果为鼓槌石斛快速繁育技术提供了参考.     

沙枣果酒加工工艺研究

[目的]优化沙枣果酒加工工艺.[方法]以沙枣为原料,经加水浸提后,调糖、调酸并添加酵母进行发酵;利用单因素试验和正交试验设计研究二氧化硫的添加量、酵母用量、沙枣汁初始糖度及主发酵温度对发酵的影响.[结果]结果表明,沙枣果酒的主发酵最佳工艺条件为:SO2添加量为80 mg/L,主发酵温度在22.5 ℃,初始糖度18%,酵母接种量0.25%;在该最佳工艺条件下,发酵的沙枣酒酒度为10.0%(V/V).[结论]该加工工艺研究为沙枣果酒的生产提供了理论依据.     

甘蔗渣淀粉功能降解菌筛选及s2g5-1和s3g4-8的鉴定

[目的]筛选甘蔗淀粉功能降解菌,并时菌株s2g5-1和s3g4-8进行鉴定.[方法]利用多种选择性培养基,从自然发酵不同阶段的甘蔗渣中分离到多种淀粉分解菌,并对其进行初筛和复筛.[结果]获得了淀粉降解功能菌株s2g5-1和s3g4-8.通过形态、生理生化和分子综合鉴定得出s2g5-l和s3g4-8遗菌株均为解淀粉芽孢杆菌.[结论]该研究结果为甘蔗渣工厂化应用提供了理论依据.     

一株产油酵母菌高产培养基的碳源和氮源选择

[目的]为大规模发酵生产微生物油脂奠定基础.[方法]以产油酵母菌Y1为试验菌株,分别以蔗糖、葡萄糖和麦芽糖为碳源,蛋白胨、牛肉膏、氯化铵、硝酸铵和硝酸钾为氮源.研究不同碳源和氮源对菌株细胞生长的影响.[结果]Y1菌株的最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为牛肉膏,葡萄糖的最适浓度为85 g/L,100 ml摇瓶装液量为25 rnl,液体种子接种量为10%,摇床转速为160 r/rain,温度为28℃,培养21.5 h菌体生物量达到最大.[结论]该研究对产油酵母菌Y1的液体摇瓶产脂发酵培养基进行了优化.     

论从实践理解世界的物质性和自然世界的先在性

马克思主义唯物论是一种物本主义形态的唯物论,还是一种超越物本主义形态、从实践理解世界的本质相关问题的实践的唯物主义的唯物论?这是一个我们必须搞清楚的有关马克思主义唯物论的本质规定性和精神实质的重大问题.在考察物本主义的唯物论及其思维方式的局限性的基础上,揭示了马克思主义唯物论是现代的、实践的唯物主义,并重点研讨了马克思主义唯物论关于从实践理解世界的物质性和自然世界的先在性的原理,以期为马克思主义唯物论进一步阐明人类世界的实践性原理奠定基础.     

Effect of cyproheptadine on the ultrastructure of the neurons of the arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus of the rat

The data are presented on changes in the rat arcuate nuclear neuron ultrastructure after using cyproheptadine (peritol, Egyt Pharmaceutical Works, Hungary) in a water suspension at a dose of 20 mg/kg once daily during 7 successive days and twice a day within 10 days. It was shown that cyproheptadine decreases the functional activity of the arcuate nuclear neurons, depending on the total amount of the drug used. Cyproheptadine-induced inhibition of the forming neurohormone release from neurons is likely to be one of the mechanisms of its therapeutic effect in Itsenko-Cushing's disease.     

Characteristics of the sympathetic innervation of the nictitating membrane and of the vasculature of the nose and tongue of the cat

Vasomotor responses from the nasal mucosa and tongue, and contractions of the nictitating membrane, were recorded on stimulation of the cervical sympathetic or internal carotid nerves. Preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres which elicited a membrane response possessed a lower threshold than those which evoked nasal vasoconstriction, while the latter displayed a lower threshold than fibres which evoked tongue vasoconstriction. The sympathetic vasodilator fibres to the tongue whose activity was revealed after alpha-receptor blockade, had a similar threshold to the vasoconstrictor fibres. Membrane contraction, nasal vasoconstriction and occasionally tongue vasoconstriction could be evoked by stimulating the internal carotid nerve. The postganglionic fibres innervating the nasal mucosa had a similar threshold to those of the nictitating membrane, which may indicate that there are small myelinated fibres innervating the mucosa. The preganglionic compound nerve action potential had four major components, S1-S4. S1, S2 and usually S3 fibres were associated with membrane contraction; S2, S3 and sometimes S1 fibres were associated with nasal vasoconstriction; and S3, usually S2 and occasionally S1 fibres were associated with vasoconstriction in the tongue. It is concluded that each of these three groups of nerve fibres, but not S4 fibres, may include fibres associated functionally with the three effectors. There was a considerable difference between the relative amplitude of the responses of the three effectors elicited by stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerve at frequencies between 0.2 and 2 Hz. Vasoconstrictor responses were relatively larger than membrane contractions suggesting differences in the mechanisms of neurotransmission at the neuroeffector junctions.