电炉流程的物流管制之五——广钢第一电炉炼钢分厂实现连浇的途径

文中在ＥＡＦ－ＬＦ－ＣＣ生产流程钢包运输物理模型的基础上，分析了广钢第一电炉炼钢分厂实现连浇的条件，制定了实现连浇的方案并提出了具体措施。     

10吨电炉连铸物流组织与控制

本文介绍了广钢电炉厂１０ｔ电炉在没有ＬＦ炉精炼的条件下实现全连铸的可能性。以及各种条件下多炉连浇 生产组织模式;     

特殊钢信息

特殊钢信息Ｘ９５２０１首特新建３０ｔＤＣ－ＥＢＴ电弧炉进行冷、热调试经半年多的施工，我公司新建３０ｔＤＣ－ＥＢＴ电炉一期工程基本完工，ＤＣ炉、ＬＦ炉正在进行冷、热态调试之中，现行工艺流程为ＤＣ炉冶炼、ＬＦ炉精炼、浇注８２５ｋｇ锭。二期工程将上水平连铸...     

70t精炼包使用寿命及其影响因素

针对涟钢一炼钢厂ＬＦ钢包精炼炉投产以来，７０ｔ精炼包寿命比ＬＦ钢包炉投产前有较大幅度下降的情况，结合该厂电炉粗炼－ＬＦ钢包炉精炼－连铸的工艺，对影响精炼包寿命的因素进行了分析，并对提高其使用寿命的有效措施进行了探讨。     

全连铸电炉炼钢厂时间节奏的衔接匹配

全连铸电炉炼钢厂的多炉连浇问题实质是多工序的衔接匹配问题。为了实现电炉炼钢厂多炉连浇的目标,关键是要缩短电炉出钢—出钢时间,使之能与连铸机的时间节奏一致。通过研究提出：连铸机连浇炉数主要取决于电炉出钢—出钢时间与连铸机一包钢水浇注时间的差值,运用钢铁制造流程中的时间概念分析了多炉连浇规律     

五钢集团公司第三电炉炼钢厂特殊钢方坯连铸机特点介绍

五钢集团公司新建年产５２万ｔ特殊钢连铸方坯的第三电炉炼钢厂已于１９９７年７月正式投产。基本装备由１００ｔ直流电炉、ＬＦ－ＶＤ炉外精炼设备和５流特殊钢方坯连铸机各一套组成，实现全连铸生产。本文仅对连铸机及其设备和设计特点作简要介绍。     

韶钢二钢实现全连铸

广东省韶关钢铁集团有限公司第二炼钢厂,于１９９８年３月３０日顺利实现了全连铸生产。全连铸生产以来取得良好的经济效果。目前冶炼电耗达到４９３ｋＷｈｔ钢,最高连浇炉数达到５２炉次,平均连浇炉数４．５炉次,平均连浇时间１７１ｍｉｎ次,吨钢成本比全连铸以前降低７０元ｔ钢。连铸机作业率达到９０％以上。该厂连铸机于１９９５年６月热试,８月份投产,同年１０月达产,于１９９８年实现全连铸,从连铸机投产到实现全连铸仅用了两年时间。该厂生产装备状况为普通功率２座为２０ｔ及１０ｔ电炉的小电炉,１台３机３流罗…     

电炉与连铸机实现多炉连浇的匹配方式分析

通过对天津钢管公司炼钢厂150t超高功率电弧炉与1台4流弧型圆坯连铸机进行多炉连浇的匹配方式分析,认为LF炉是协调电炉与连铸机生产节奏不平衡实现多炉连浇最重要的工序,并提出了有关改进匹配方式,提高连浇水平的途径和措施。     

50tDC—EBT电弧炉和50tLF炉用耐火材料的应用研究

为适应炼钢生产需求，本课题开展了５０ｔＤＣ－ＥＢＴ电弧炉和５０ｔＬＦ炉耐火材料的应用研究，解决了５０ｔＤＣ－ＥＢＴ电弧炉壁渣线、熔池和电炉小炉顶以及５０ｔＬＦ炉包壁、透气砖的使用寿命问题，并取得了明显的经济效益和社会效益。     

天津钢管公司150tEAF－LF／VD－CC工艺实践

天津钢管公司１５０ｔＥＡＦ－ＬＦ／ＶＤ－ＣＣ工艺实践赵新民，邹立新，姚如松，景重阳（天津钢管公司炼钢厂．天津３００３０１）Ｐｒａｃｔｉｃｅｏｎ１５０ｔＥＡＦ－ＬＦ／ＶＤ－ＣＣＰｒｏｃｅｓｓａｔＴｉａｎｊｉｎＰｉｐｅＣｏｍｐａｎｙ￥ＺｈａｏＸｉｎｍｉｎ...     

连铸连轧焊接汽车大梁用Q345B扁钢生产实践

简要介绍了淮钢的70t超高功率电炉—70tLF精炼炉—5机5流小方坯连铸机—18机架全连轧短流程生产线，以及用此流程生产焊接汽车大梁用Q345B扁钢的情况。     

淮钢特殊钢大型圆坯连铸工艺装备特点及实践

淮钢生产碳素、合金结构钢、锚链钢、轴承钢、齿轮钢及低合金高强度钢生产流程为80 t转炉-90 t LF-100 t RH-喂线-Φ380～Φ600 mm圆坯CC工艺。中间包容量40 t,自动控制弧形管式结晶器液面,喷水+气雾2次冷却,M-EMS+F-EMS电磁搅拌,连铸机拉速0.3～0.8 m/min,年生产能力120万t圆铸坯。文中介绍中间包、结晶器、电磁搅拌、二次冷却的设备特点和相关工艺的优化和圆坯冶金质量的改善。     

小电炉钢厂高连铸比的实践与思考

在总结投产两年来的生产实践基础上,从实现炉机的匹配的工艺与设备条件着手,对韶钢二钢厂４座普通功率电弧炉匹配１台小方坯连铸机提高连铸比进行了讨论。     

20Mn23AlV钢用低反应性连铸保护渣的开发

20Mn23AlV高锰无磁钢的高铝含量导致连铸过程中钢水与连铸保护渣的剧烈反应,连铸坯产生大量裂纹缺陷,影响其连铸正常生产。为提高铸坯质量,保证20Mn23AlV高锰钢连铸生产顺行,本研究对现场生产20Mn23AlV的连铸工艺和采用的连铸保护渣进行了系统的研究和分析。通过实验室的感应加热炉进行渣-金反应试验,并结合化学分析和扫描电镜等方法研究开发出20Mn23AlV低反应性连铸保护渣,并采用工业试验证明采用低反应性连铸保护渣可以消除连铸坯表面裂纹缺陷,20Mn23AlV高锰钢铸坯修磨量可由8%降低至1%。     

降低高碳钢连铸小方坯中心偏析的研究

通过建立连铸小方坯凝同传热的数学模型，对实际生产中的小方坯凝固状况进行了模拟，发现原配水条件下铸坯表面温度波动大，并针对生产中连铸坯中心碳偏析较大的问题，对二冷水进行了优化。优化配水后的工业试验结果表明，通过凝固模型计算优化后的二冷配水可以降低中心碳偏析，提高连铸坯低倍质量。     

铝镇静钢SPHC浸入式水口结瘤成因和控制工艺

SPHC钢（/%:≤0.08C,≤0.05Si,0.10~0.30Mn,≤0.025P,≤0.025S,0.020~0.045Al）的工艺流程为铁水预处理-150 t顶底复吹转炉-LF-双流板坯连铸-1780 mm热连轧工艺。通过水口结瘤物分析得出,水口结瘤物主要成分为Al₂O₃和高熔点（1750℃）CaO·2Al₂O₃夹杂,结瘤物外层为结构疏松的堆积状氧化铝层,中间层为网状氧化铝层,内层为水口材料的脱碳层。通过控制转炉终点[C]>0.04%,调整喂钙铁线用量,使钢液中平均钙铝比由0.03提高至0.06,精炼时软吹氩搅拌由6~8 min提高到8~10 min,连铸过程防止钢液二次氧化等工艺措施,48炉SPHC钢生产结果表明,避免了水口结瘤事故的发生。     

基于“炉机对应”原则的连浇优化方案

国内某炼钢厂为保证浇注周期较短的2号连铸机连浇,多座转炉需同时向该连铸机供应钢水,导致炉 机对应关系不明确,生产组织难度较大。通过对该厂炼钢 连铸过程的工序作业周期与生产运行模式进行解析,在保证连铸机连浇的基础上,探究合理的炉 机对应关系,改善该厂的生产顺行。结果表明,在“一一对应”运行模式下,2号连铸机最大连浇炉数仅为6炉;而在“定炉对定机”运行模式下,若适时接受3号转炉冶炼的钢水,2号连铸机最大连浇炉数可延长至19炉。在此基础上,通过对连铸机“柔性”的优化和钢水供应的合理调配,2号连铸机可满足实际生产的连浇要求。此外,运用“炉→机”匹配度进行评价,计算结果表明优化后的炉 机对应关系得到显著改善。     

Coordinating optimisation of F-EMS and soft reduction during bloom continuous casting process for special steel

To control the halfway cracks and shrinkage cavities during bloom continuous casting (CC) process, final electromagnetic stirring (F-EMS) and soft reduction techniques have been coordinately optimised. The halfway crack and shrinkage cavity can be successfully controlled by adopting the CC technique parameters described as follows: (1) casting speed is 0.62 m min-1, (2) secondary cooling water ratio is 0.2?L?kg^?1, (3) reduction amount is 18?mm; (4) reduction region ranges from 19.9?m (location of M3 roller) to 25.4?m (location of M9 roller) distance from meniscus; and (5) corresponding distributions of reduction amount for each roller are 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, and 3?mm along the casting direction. As compared to origin scheme for bearing steel, the difference between the maximum and minimum segregation degrees at the strand centre can be reduced from 0.35 to 0.09 under the optimal case.     

Adhere to the direction of detailization in CC technology and equipment

Since the excessive capacity in steelmaking and continuous casting at present,and the limited development margin of CC technology and equipment in scale,the further development must be made in a profound and detailized way.This paper enumerates the items of CC technology and equipment,which need to be detailized from several aspects such as roll arrangement design,equipment design and production operation,and it points out that detailization is the future direction of CC technology and equipment.The items in roll arrangement design include eliminating periodic meniscus fluctuation by adjusting space between rolls reasonably;taking special measures to avoid dangerous regions of casting speed,in order to reduce the center porosity and centerline crack of slab;optimizing the major radius and the length of outer arc of caster before straightening point to avoid dangerous region of casting speed.The items in equipment design include choosing a suitable structure of support and guiding roll according to the concrete conditions of caster;according to bulging shape of slab,thinking more about restriction of shell to bulging force, discussing the force on rollers,optimizing split roll to support slab;safety factor should be considered together with calculation method of the bearing nominal static load.The items in aspects of continuous casting operation include the delicacy division and the function-positioning of operation modes for CC machine due to the consideration of dynamic soft reduction;monitoring and controlling system of CC machine must be further detailized to improve the stability of production operation and slab quality.In addition to the three aspects mentioned above,this article points out many other items also,such as homogenization of secondary cooling of slab,quality control of surface and internal of slab,and so on.This article emphasizes,some key technologies need to be researched also,and all these researches will never stop.     

Steel ladle exchange models during steelmaking and continuous casting process

The models and influencing factors of steel ladles exchange during the steelmaking and continuous casting process of H steel plant were investigated.Based on analysis of the operation process and turnover time of steel ladles, relationship models for the turnover number, turnover rate, continuous casting number, number of ladles with additional turnover, and number of ladles without additional turnover were built.The turnover rules of steel ladles for one basic oxygen furnace (BOF) matching one continuous caster (CC) and two BOFs matching two CCs modes were simulated by using a Gantt chart.The models of steel ladle exchange were proposed for casting of a single CC and overlapping casting of two CCs.By analyzing the influencing factors, the following conclusions were drawn.The exchange ladle should not have the task of transporting liquid steel in the CC that stops casting earli-er.The end time of the empty ladle in the CC that stops casting earlier should be earlier than the start time of the full ladle in the CC that stops casting later.After evaluating the factors influencing the start casting time, turnover cycle, casting time, continuous casting number, and overlapping time, a prioritization scheme of steel ladle exchange was proposed based on the steel grade.First, the turn-over cycle and single heat casting time were determined; based on these, a reasonable ladle turnover number was calculated.Second, the turnover number and continuous casting number were optimized for maximizing the number of ladles without additional turnover.Lastly, to reduce the casting number during the overlapping time to be lower than the turnover number, the overlapping time was shortened.