国内尼龙酸应用研究进展

概述了国内己二酸生产中的副产物尼龙酸的应用领域以及尼龙酸的应用研究进展。目前,尼龙酸下游产品的开发主要集中在高沸点溶剂和耐寒增塑剂。在高沸点溶剂的开发方面,根据合成溶剂中所用催化剂不同,对比了不同催化剂催化尼龙酸合成混合二元酸二甲酯的工艺过程;在耐寒增塑剂的开发方面,以尼龙酸与丁醇、异丁醇、辛醇等反应制备不同的产品,分析了合成工艺条件;其次,尼龙酸可作为聚氨酯原料或经分离提纯制备戊二酸和丁二酸等。今后应不断提升经尼龙酸为原料的产品质量稳定性和附加值,扩大尼龙酸的应用。     

耐寒增塑剂尼龙酸二正丁酯的合成新工艺

介绍了一种新型耐寒增塑剂尼龙酸二正丁酯的合成工艺,用价廉、易得的尼龙酸(由制己二酸母液中获得的C4～C6混合二元酸)及正丁醇为原料,浓硫酸为催化剂,经酯化、脱醇、中和、沉降及减压蒸馏等工序而制得产品。粗品平均收率96.5%,减压蒸馏平均收率95%以上。     

尼龙酸和杂醇油制备增塑剂的研究

以发酵酒厂的副产品杂醇油为原料，在酸性催剂作用下与生产己二酸的副产品尼龙酸成功地合成了尼龙酸混合醇酯。其设备和生产增塑剂DOP等大致相同，投资少，成本低，工艺简单。该产品是一种与PVC相容性良好，耐寒性优良，有广阔应用前景的增塑剂。     

聚酯类增塑剂的合成与应用研究进展

综述了国内外聚酯增塑剂的合成及应用的最新研究进展,重点介绍了超支化、生物基、石油基聚酯增塑剂的合成与制备方法以及不同类型聚酯增塑剂在聚氯乙烯(PVC)、淀粉、聚乳酸、聚氨酯弹性体与橡胶制品中的最新应用研究进展;并对聚酯增塑剂未来发展方向做了展望。     

尼龙酸二辛酯合成新工艺

介绍了用从制取己二酸的副产母液中所获得的尼龙酸作为原料，合成新型耐寒增塑剂尼龙酸二辛酯的合成新工艺，其特点是对粗品采用减压蒸馏进行后段处理，从根本上克服了产品色泽差的问题。     

国内有关塑料助剂合成与应用的文献题录

氯化石蜡-70的生产现状及发展趋势当代化工,2003 ,32(2) :109～110 ,114塑料助剂工业的现状与发展聚合物与助剂,2003(3) :1～6耐寒性增塑剂己二酸二正己酯合成工艺研究精细石油化工进展,2003 ,4(6) :49～51固体酸SO2-4 /Nb2O3 催化合成尼龙酸二异丁酯化学试剂,2003 ,25(3) :183～184尼龙酸和杂醇油制备增塑剂的研究河北化工,2003(3) :31～32 ,35柠檬酸三丁酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯合成工艺的研究塑料工业,2003 ,31(7) :4～6 ,42硫酸铁铵催化合成癸二酸二丁酯精细石油化工进展,2003 ,4(7) :10～11增塑剂TOTM的清洁合成精细石油化工进展,2003…     

尼龙酸生产增塑剂的研究

叙述了以尼龙酸为主要原料生产塑剂的工艺过程，特别对尼龙酸二异丁酯增塑剂的物理性能和性能进行了研究，表明以尼龙酸为主要原料生产的增塑剂与聚氯上容性好，特别合适作耐寒增塑剂作用。     

新型增塑剂MEP的合成

本文介绍了以国内廉价易得的尼龙酸、二甘醇和五九酸为原料,合成新型增塑剂MEP的工艺,初步评价了与PVC的配合情况。     

多元聚酯增塑剂的制备及物理性能研究

以邻苯二甲酸酐和1,2-丙二醇为原料,2-乙基己醇作为封端剂,钛酸丁酯作催化剂,通过酯化、脱水缩聚合成邻苯二甲酸聚酯增塑剂。考察了反应时间、反应物比例以及封端剂用量等对合成聚酯增塑剂的影响。通过酸值测定、红外分析、黏度分析等实验技术,考察了所制备样品的物理性质。结果表明,反应时间为7 h,醇酸比为1.15∶1,2-乙基己醇与酸酐比值为0.65时,所得到产品的酯化率高、酸值较低,黏度较小。     

尼龙酸薄荷酯的合成及其热裂解

以尼龙酸和L-薄荷醇为原料合成了清凉剂尼龙酸薄荷酯,采用单因素实验优化了合成工艺,并对产物的主要成分进行了分析和结构表征;利用热重-微商热重(TG-DTG)和在线裂解气相色谱/质谱联用(Py-GC/MS)法分别对尼龙酸薄荷酯的热失重和热裂解行为进行了考察。得到最佳合成条件为:当尼龙酸酐的投料量为0.1mol时,催化剂4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)的用量为尼龙酸酐质量的0.4%、反应温度为70℃、反应时间为9.0 h、薄荷醇和尼龙酸酐的摩尔比为1.2∶1、环己烷用量50 mL,在该条件下产品收率达到89.3%。尼龙酸薄荷酯在301.5℃时失重速率最快为-19.17%/min,341.6℃时总失重率为99.72%;在300~450℃下尼龙酸薄荷酯的主要裂解产物为L-薄荷醇,随着裂解温度的提高,薄荷醇的释放量降低。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。