AB-BNCT中子靶物理设计分析

质子加速器适用于为硼中子俘获治疗提供中子源,其中子源强及能谱较反应堆中子源更具可调性。中子靶物理计算分析是加速器中子源设计的基础,为其提供粒子能量、流强等参数需求分析,并为靶体结构尺寸设计、中子慢化和屏蔽分析等提供前端参数。本文利用MCNPX蒙特卡罗程序,通过对质子打靶的中子产额和能谱、靶体能量沉积、打靶后靶材放射性活度和中子出射空间角分布等进行研究,提出能量2.5 MeV质子轰击100～200 μm锂靶的设计,并用模拟计算数据论证其合理性。该设计中子源在1 mA流强质子轰击下,源强可达9.74×10¹¹ s^-1;拟设计15 mA、2.5 MeV质子束产生的中子源,在治疗过程中靶材放射性活度累积最大值约为1.44×10¹³ Bq。     

CIAE强流ECR离子源研制

本文介绍了研制的一台强流ECR微波离子源,其能从7 mm直径的圆孔引出大于150 mA的氢离子束(75 keV),质子比达90%。该离子源采用独特的结构提高了离子源寿命。离子源在75 keV、110 mA束流条件下连续工作超过220 h,束流中断2次,不间断工作时间超过150 h。     

在线低能气体离子源

材料中氦和氢积累可引起材料性能的恶化甚至失效。为研究材料内氦和氢的存在形式、氦与氢及缺陷的相互作用、气泡的形成和演变过程以及各种因素的影响,建立一套离子束能量最高20keV的潘宁型气体离子源引出和聚焦系统,与200kV透射电镜联机,在离子注入现场原位观察氦和氢不同注入浓度下材料内部的微观结构及变化过程。对离子源进行氦离子的起弧、引出和聚焦测试。离子源在15–60mA放电电流范围内稳定地工作。在5×10–3Pa和1.5×10–2Pa工作气压下,放电电压约380V和320V。低气压下引出离子束流比高气压下大,且引出束流随放电电流和吸极电压的增加而增加。等径三圆筒透镜有显著聚焦作用,在距透镜出口150cm处,离子束流密度提高一个量级以上。能量10keV左右的氦离子获得束流密度约200nA·cm–2的离子束,可满足多种材料进行在线离子注入和原位电镜观测的需要。     

紧凑型强流ECR源

建立了１台紧凑型强流ＥＣＲ源。共振磁场由１个小电磁线圈及软铁回路产生,磁场可调,能保证放电处于最佳条件。研究了气压,微波功率及共振场对放电的影响。在５５０Ｗ的放电功率下,从直径４ｍｍ引出孔引出了３５ｍＡ的Ｈ＾＋离子束,引出Ｈ＾＋离子的质子比超过９０％,从源中还引出了７ｍＡＯ＾＋、８ｍＡＮ＾＋、１２ｍＡ Ａｒ＾＋的束流。     

High-current sputtering ion source for refractory metals

The Chavet-Bernas ion source of the MEIRA isotope separator has been modified to a gas sputtering source for the production of intense refractory metal ion beams. The source has produced a molybdenum ion current of 8 mA; the ratio of this current to the total current, including the argon carrier, is 0.46. A metal ion density of 5.8 mA/cm² has been achieved at the source from an emitting area of 55×2.5 mm². This ion density is significantly higher than the figures which have been reported for such sources.     

强流负氢离子源发射度测量仪研制

在加速器技术研究中,束流发射度是反映束流品质的重要物理参数,也是加速器和束流传输线设计的重要依据。100 MeV回旋加速器采用18 mA强流负氢离子源来产生负氢束,为了准确测量离子源的发射度,研制了一台强流负氢离子源发射度测量仪,介绍了其基本原理、机械设计和实验结果,得到了离子源的发射度信息,为100 MeV回旋加速器的设计提供了发射度参数。     

Extraction Characteristics of Radio Frequency ICP Ion Source

An inductively coupled radio frequency ion source has been developed and its extraction characteristics measured. Beam current density up to 0.11 mA/ cm2 was obtained with argon at a rf discharge power of about 140 W. The dependences of ion beam on the discharge parameters such as rf source power, gas pressure and gas flow rate was studied.     

CSNS强流负氢离子源及其改进

中国散裂中子源（CSNS）的离子源是1台强流负氢离子源,该离子源负氢束流的能量为50 keV,负氢流强可达40 mA,束流占空比最高为1.25%（重复频率为25 Hz,脉宽为500 μs）。目前该负氢离子源已投入到CSNS中使用。由于等离子体放电电极受带电粒子溅射的缘故,在1.5%（25 Hz,600 μs）的占空比、负氢流强30 mA运行下,离子源的寿命约为30 d。为提高离子源使用的稳定性,对离子源进行改进优化,提高了离子源的运行效率和稳定性。     

Radioactive waste assessment for the IFMIF/EVEDA facility

During the IFMIF/EVEDA phase, a 125 mA and 9 MeV deuterons prototype accelerator will be designed and tested for the final IFMIF project. During operation of the accelerator deuteron losses will occur in several components leading to material activation induced by deuteron and/or by secondary neutrons, depending on its location. This work is focused on a first radioactive waste assessment at the end of the operational life of this facility. The radioactive wastes generation will be evaluated, focusing on the beam dump and main accelerator components. Following the current approach to the back-end of the activated materials, they will be categorized according to radiological complexity of operations and final management routes. For the calculations, MCUNED and ACAB codes were used together with TENDL-2010 and EAF-2007 data libraries, respectively.     

基于电子直线加速器的空间电子环境地面模拟用电子源设计与实现

空间电子环境地面模拟装置由1台电子直线加速器提供能量1~5 MeV范围内的电子,后续束流传输系统将电子束进行扩束处理。较大的能量范围对加速器的设计与运行条件提出了较高要求。本文主要阐述了该加速器的设计与实现过程,综合考虑了能量开关技术和束流负载效应,通过研究不同条件下的耦合度参数特性确定了加速管耦合度,分析提出了磁控管输出参数并进行了实验研究。加速器实验测试结果表明,电子束能量参数达到指标要求,为模拟装置提供了有效可靠的电子源。     

强流氘束引出系统与加速管束流匹配的研究

为增加传输通过加速管的束流强度,提高中子发生器的中子产额,采用Particle-in-cell(PIC)程序模拟研究了入射束强度在10～150 mA范围内,不同初始参数条件下D⁺₁束在加速管中的传输状态。结果表明,当入射束在加速管入口处的归一化发射度取0.25 πcm•mrad,Courant-Snyder参数α=-4、β=60 cm/rad时,50～100 mA D⁺₁束与加速管匹配良好。根据匹配参数,对双等离子体离子源的引出系统进行了优化,结果显示,在引出系统与加速管之间放置两个螺线管透镜和1个光阑,能有效去除D⁺₂、D⁺₃离子,实现100 mA D⁺₁束顺利传输通过加速管的目的。     

63Ni毒剂报警源制备工艺的研究

离子迁移谱技术是现场快速检测化学战剂的有效手段，⁶³Ni毒剂报警源是离子迁移谱技术常用的离子化源。为进行⁶³Ni毒剂报警源的制备，设计活度测量和电镀装置，优化电镀参数，并进行平行性实验和牢固性测试。结果表明，最佳电镀条件为温度20 ℃、电流密度20 mA/cm²、pH 2~3、电镀时间10 min；平行性实验和牢固性测试显示，该方法制备的放射源一次电镀合格率达100%，镀层和镍片结合牢固。该方法制备的放射源满足离子迁移谱技术对离子化源的需求。     

Design of a 5 MeV electron linac based X-ray source

A compact X-ray source, based on a 5 MeV autofocusing electron linac, has been designed and set up for radiographic purposes at the Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Messina. A detailed study has been performed, by means of the MCNP-4C2 code, on the optimization of the parameters involved in the X-ray production, transport and detection, that will be described in this paper, as well as the final source configuration pattern.     

A Penning Discharge Ion Source for High Brightness

The development, characteristics and emittance of the Penning discharge ion source used in the Cosmotron injector are described. The maximum value of brightness reported is 3 × 1012 mA cm-2 rad-2 at 78 mA total current, 23 keV beam energy. The results are superior to recent values for duoplasmatrons from various laboratories, except for total current.     

用于加速器驱动洁净核能系统的微波离子源(英文)

介绍了正在研制的用于加速器驱动洁净核能系统的微波离子源,通过离子源7.3 mm的引出孔可以引出100mA的氢离子束,质子比好于85％,离子源成功地通过了100小时可靠性试验。     

600MeV同步辐射光源的设计研究

一、同步辐射光源的结构参数设计中要求同步辐射光源具有下列特点:(1)光源的发射度小;(2)电子束的贮存时间长;(3) 动量色散函数在直线节上等于零,以便减少磁插入元件对设计特性的影响。图6中给出贮存环的结构概貌,它由四个超周期组成,每个包括两个45°的二极铁和六个四极铁,形成一个稳定的聚焦单元。注入系统由三个冲击磁铁和一个带切割片的偏转磁铁组成,偏转磁铁的出口处在直线节的中央,正对着的一个直线节安装高频谐振腔。     

Development of an electron linac at PNC for transmutation studies

Various methods have been examined to transmute long-lived fission products using accelerators at PNC. The present paper describes the development of a high power continuous wave (CW) electron linac which was started in 1989 to study the feasibility of nuclear waste transmutation. Transmutation by photonuclear reaction using an electron accelerator has the advantage of producing a relatively small amount of secondary radioactive waste. It is also deemed to broaden the base of accelerator technology.

The PNC high power CW electron accelerator, which is designed to accelerate energies up to 10 MeV and an average beam current of 20 mA and has a normal conducting traveling wave resonant ring (TWRR) disk-loaded accelerating tubes, was pre-commissioned with an injector and the first accelerating tube.

In December 1995, the accelerator had been partially built and the pre-commissioning of the injector began. We have been successful to produce electron beams with 3 msec pulse width, 100 mA peak, and about 2.9 MeV energy. The facility construction will be completed in March 1997, followed by the commissioning of the entire 10 MeV linac.     

Ion-optics calculations and preliminary precision estimates of the gas-capable ion source for the 1-MV LLNL BioAMS spectrometer

Ion-optics calculations were performed for a new ion source and injection beam line. This source, which can accept both solid and gaseous targets, will be installed onto the 1-MV BioAMS spectrometer at the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and will augment the current LLNL cesium-sputter solid sample ion source. The ion source and its associated injection beam line were designed to allow direct quantification of ¹⁴C/¹²C and ³H/¹H isotope ratios from both solid and gaseous targets without the need for isotope switching. Once installed, this source will enable the direct linking of a nanoflow LC system to the spectrometer to provide for high-throughput LC-AMS quantitation from a continuous flow. Calculations show that, for small samples, the sensitivity of the gas-accepting ion source could be precision limited but zeptomole quantitation should be feasible.