锂离子电池锡氧化物负极材料的研究进展

锡基氧化物以其高的理论比容量、低成本、低毒性、宽广的实用性成为理想的锂离子电池负极材料,然而在其充放电过程中体积变化较大,影响了电极的循环性能.从锡基氧化物的储锂机理、制备方法和改善锡基氧化物电化学性能的研究等方面,分析总结了近年来锡基氧化物负极材料在结构和形貌、掺杂、制备锡基氧化物复合材料方面的最新进展,展望了其发展...     

钠离子电池锡基负极材料研究进展

锡基材料作为钠离子电池的负极材料具有较高的理论比容量,成为钠离子电池负极材料的研究重点。然而,锡基负极材料在钠离子嵌入和脱出过程中有巨大的体积变化,导致较差的电池循环性能。简要介绍了锡基纳米复合材料作为钠离子电池负极材料的研究进展。阐述了不同形貌的锡基氧化物和硫化物复合材料的制备方法及其电化学性能,并讨论了该电极材料面临的问题以及主要解决措施等。     

锂离子电池锡负极材料研究进展

简要介绍了研究较多的碳负极材料 ,重点评述锡负极材料与锂的反应机理、制备方法、结构与电化学性能之间的关系及近期的研究现状。随着新的制备方法和新的分子结构设计的出现 ,若能克服目前所存在的问题 ,锡基材料有望成为新一代锂离子电池负极材料     

氮化锡负极薄膜的制备与性能研究

氮化锡是一种新型薄膜锂电池负极材料,采用射频反应磁控溅射法制备氮化锡负极薄膜,系统研究了反应溅射功率和气流比对氮化锡薄膜结构的影响,并对其充放电性能进行了研究.实验结果表明,在溅射功率75 W,N2/(N2 Ar)流量比0.5的条件下所制备氮化锡薄膜结晶度较好,表面致密具有良好的电性能,首次充放电效率超过60%,50次循环后放电比容量仍保持250 mAh/g.     

锂离子电池硅-铝复合薄膜负极材料的研究

分别以表面粗糙铜箔(以下简称粗铜箔)和多孔铜箔为基体,采用磁控共溅射方法制备了锂离子电池硅-铝复合薄膜负极材料,通过SEM、XRD及电化学测试手段研究了不同制备条件下硅-铝复合薄膜的结构、形貌及电化学行为。结果表明,采用磁控溅射法制备的硅-铝复合薄膜负极材料能够有效缓解电极体积膨胀,具备良好的循环性能。     

锂离子电池锡基负极材料的研究进展

总结了锡氧化物、锡复合氧化物以及锡合金的制备方法、性能和贮锂机理,概述了锂离子电池锡基负极材料的研究现状.锡基负极材料的结构与性能因其制备方法的不同而有差异,但贮锂机理都倾向于合金机理.     

锂离子电池负极材料Sn-Co合金的研究进展

从理论计算和实验研究两个方面综述了Sn—Co合金作为锂电池负极材料的发展现状。在理论方面采用Material Studio4.1软件研究了Sn—Co合金各种稳定相结构的物理性质和电化学性质。在实验方面综合介绍并比较了电化学沉积、机械球磨、固相还原和溶剂热法等几种薄膜制备方法的优缺点。并指出了Sn-Co合金负极材料存在的问题及发展前景。     

锂离子电池锡基负极材料研究现状

金属锡比目前广泛使用的碳具有高得多的理论嵌锂比容量,很有希望成为锂离子电池新一代负极材料。综述了近年来锂离子电池锡基负极材料的研究进展,介绍了可作为锂离子电池负极的几种锡基材料的制备方法及性能,并讨论了它们的优缺点。     

高活性铝合金阳极材料制备及电性能

用熔铸法和压力加工技术制备了三种不同锡含量的铝合金电极材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对铝合金电极材料放电后的表面形貌进行了表征,采用排水法测试了合金的析氢速率,借助电化学方法测试了材料的电化学性能。结果表明,铝合金静态析氢量随着锡元素含量增加而减小;研制的新型铝合金负极材料,可望开发用于高比能量的铝合金电池。     

锂离子电池锡基复合负极材料的研究进展

综述了锂离子电池锡基合金与碳复合负极材料的发展现状,总结了这类复合材料的主要种类,将其分为碳材料外包覆合金型复合材料、合金外包覆碳型复合材料及分子接触型复合材料等几类,介绍了每类材料的制备方法,并分析了它们作为锂电池负极材料的电化学性能特点.在几种复合方式中,碳材料外包覆合金型复合材料制备方法简单,循环性能有明显地改善,但是,可以负载的合金量有限.分子接触型的复合材料和合金外包覆碳的复合材料,可以有效阻止合金颗粒的团聚,结构稳定,是有希望的新型锂离子电池负极材料.     

磁控溅射在锂离子电池正极中应用的进展

综述了磁控溅射技术应用于薄膜锂离子电池正极材料制备与掺杂改性的研究进展.分别讨论了LiCoO2、V2O5、LiMn2O4、LiNiO2及其掺杂物等薄膜正极的制备与改性及所得电极材料的电化学性能,并对研究方向做了简单的评述.     

普鲁士蓝薄膜电极的制作及充放电研究

以多孔阳极氧化铝作电极活性物质的支撑体,制备了一种新型的普鲁士蓝薄膜电极。制备过程包括纯铝片在草酸溶液中阳极氧化成多孔阳极氧化铝,电化学法去多孔阳极氧化铝的阻挡层,磷酸中扩孔,无电沉积一层钯,再在孔中组装普鲁士蓝。用扫描电镜对支撑体和电极表面形貌进行了表征,用循环伏安法对电极进行了电化学研究。结果表明,这种支撑体孔隙率大于65%,组装的普鲁士蓝(PB)薄膜电极在-0.2～0.6V和0.6～1.2V两个电位窗口内呈现两对稳定的可逆峰,由这种薄膜电极组成的微型PB薄膜蓄电池,容量达到65mC/cm2,表现出良好的充放电性能。     

Surface flashover characteristics of diamond-like carbon thin filmsin vacuum

Synthetic thin films such as diamond-like carbon (DLC) and polycrystalline diamond thin films can be used to increase surface flashover voltage of dielectric materials used in HV devices operating in vacuum. This work presents experimental results identifying some surface flashover characteristics of diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films in space vacuum conditions. The DLC samples used in the experiments are produced by a microwave plasma deposition technique. The electrode material was copper, and a dc voltage was applied between the electrodes. Surface flashover voltage characteristics and the breakdown voltage wave forms of DLC thin film samples were determined. The results showed that DLC thin films may not be suitable materials for HV applications as dielectric materials in vacuum when coated onto semiconductor materials. Additionally, these results were compared with the surface flashover characteristics of polycrystalline diamond thin film and quartz samples     

Study of Microwave Dielectric Properties of Perovskite Thin Films by Near-Field Microscopy

Perovskite thin film materials possess good dielectric properties, which vary with applied voltage, and have thus been thoroughly investigated for applications as thin film tunable microwave devices. However, the tunability of the thin film materials derived from the frequency response of the thin film devices suffers from ambiguity in extracting the true dielectric response of the thin film materials in microwave frequency regime. To circumvent such a difficulty, we investigated the dielectric properties of perovskite thin films by using a novel scanning evanescent microwave microscopy (SEMM). To extract the dielectric parameters from original microwave frequency response signal of SEMM probe, we perform a 3-dimensional (3D) finite element simulation to model the frequency behavior of the SEMM microwave probe. Dielectric images of the thin films with submicron resolution can be obtained by using such a near-field technique, which correlates very well with the morphology of the films examined by atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the dielectric images of dielectric thin films were compared to those of ferroelectric thin films in order to discuss the related dielectric mechanism of the materials.     

Nb3Sn single-phase targets for fiber-reinforced-superconductors and technique of preparing superconducting films without post annealing

A new type of superconductor is being developed for the application of high-field pulsed superconducting magnets, which are called fiber-reinforced-superconductors (FRS). A filament of FRS consists of a reinforcement fiber with high elastic modulus and a superconducting layer around it. The strain can be reduced against electromagnetic force because of highelastic modulus fibers. If Nb₃Sn target is utilized, the preparation process of FRSs is shortened and there is the possibility to produce Nb₃Sn layer which leads to high current density because of its uniform stoichiometric Nb₃Sn layer. This paper presents first a technique of preparing a single-phase target of Nb₃Sn to produce superconducting layers on reinforcement fibers of FRSs. Mixture of niobium and tin powder was reacted in a furnace filled with argon gas to be Nb₃Sn, and then it was broken and cast into a stoichiometric target with a diameter of 77 mm. The critical temperature of the target itself was 17.5 K. The thin film deposited with the target showed no superconductivity without post annealing, but it had critical temperature from 14.5 K to 12.5 K after heat treatment. Second, a new target containing rich tin was prepared and the film deposited with it had superconductivity without post annealing.     

阵列式薄膜锰铜传感器的研究

采用薄膜工艺制备适合高压力测量的阵列式传感器,文中介绍了该传感器的制造工艺、工作原理.动态加载实验表明,传感器阵列的压阻一致性好,无高压旁路效应,响应时间低于30ns,验证了薄膜锰铜传感器高压测试的准确性和可靠性.     

铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳电池研究综述

近些年,薄膜太阳电池技术发展迅速,其中铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳电池因其不断提高的转化效率、较低的制备成本、性能衰减小和环境友好型等优良特性成为世界各国研究的热点。介绍了铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳电池的电池结构、制备方法以及不同制备方法的效率,阐述了铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳电池的发展状况。     

锂磷氧氮(LiPON)薄膜的制备及应用进展

介绍了锂磷氧氮(LiPON)薄膜的结构与特性,综述了LiPON薄膜的制备方法以及应用情况,并就LiPON薄膜制备中出现的困难和以后的研究方向做了简单的评述.     

ATO纳米粉体制备工艺的研究进展

针对电接触领域应用的掺锑氧化锡（ATO）的国内外发展现状,综述了ATO纳米粉体的制备工艺。通过对共沉淀法、水热法、超临界法的制备工艺优缺点的分析,阐述了合理选择制备工艺的重要性。