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1.
A desired P2P file sharing system is expected to achieve the following design goals: scalability, routing efficiency and complex query support. In this paper, we propose a powerful P2P file sharing system, PSON, which can satisfy all the three desired properties. PSON is essentially a semantic overlay network of logical nodes. Each logical node represents a cluster of peers that are close to each other. A powerful peer is selected in each cluster to support query routing on the overlay network while the less powerful peers are responsible for the maintenance of shared contents. To facilitate query routing, super peers are organized in form of a balanced binary search tree. By exploiting the concept of semantics, PSON can support complex queries in a scalable and efficient way. In this paper, we present the basic system design such as the semantic overlay construction, query routing and system dynamics. A load balancing scheme is proposed to further enhance the system performance. By simulation experiments, we show that PSON is scalable, efficient and is able to support complex queries.  相似文献   

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3.
Efficient storage and handling of data stored in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, proves vital for various applications such as query processing and data mining. This paper presents a distributed, scalable and robust layered overlay (L-overlay) to index and manage multidimensional data in a dynamic P2P network. The proposed method distinguishes between the data and peer layers, with efficient mapping between the two. The data is organized such that semantically similar data objects are accessed hastily. Grid and tree structures are proposed for the peer layer. As application examples of L-overlay in query processing and data mining, k-nearest neighbors query processing and distributed Naïve Bayes classification algorithms, are proposed. We show the effectiveness of our scheme in static and dynamic environments using simulation. L-overlay is shown to be more efficient than SSW, an available semantic overly, in terms of maintenance and query processing costs.  相似文献   

4.
QUERY ROUTING IN A PEER-TO-PEER SEMANTIC LINK NETWORK   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
Hai  Zhuge  Jie  Liu  Liang  Feng  Xiaoping  Sun  Chao  He 《Computational Intelligence》2005,21(2):197-216
A semantic link peer-to-peer (P2P) network specifies and manages semantic relationships between peers' data schemas and can be used as the semantic layer of a scalable Knowledge Grid. The proposed approach consists of an automatic semantic link discovery method, a tool for building and maintaining P2P semantic link networks (P2PSLNs), a semantic-based peer similarity measurement for efficient query routing, and the schema mapping algorithms for query reformulation and heterogeneous data integration. The proposed approach has three important aspects. First, it uses semantic links to enrich the relationships between peers' data schemas. Second, it considers not only nodes but also the XML structure in measuring the similarity between schemas to efficiently and accurately forward queries to relevant peers. Third, it copes with semantic and structural heterogeneity and data inconsistency so that peers can exchange and translate heterogeneous information within a uniform view.  相似文献   

5.
Semantic overlay networks cluster peers that are semantically, thematically or socially close into groups, by means of a rewiring procedure that is periodically executed by each peer. This procedure establishes new connections to similar peers and disregards connections to peers that are dissimilar. Retrieval effectiveness is then improved by exploiting this information at query time (as queries may address clusters of similar peers). Although all systems based on semantic overlay networks apply some rewiring technique, there is no comprehensive study showing the effect of rewiring on system’s performance. In this work, a framework for studying the attribution of rewiring strategies in semantic overlay networks is proposed. A generic approach to rewiring is presented and several variants of this approach are reviewed and evaluated. We show how peer organisation is affected by the different design choices of the rewiring mechanism and how these choices affect the performance of the system overall (both in terms of communication overhead and retrieval effectiveness). Our experimental evaluation with real-word data and queries confirms the dependence between rewiring strategies and retrieval performance, and gives insights on the trade-offs involved in the selection of a rewiring strategy.  相似文献   

6.
以语义网络理论为基础,结合GCNET拓扑结构,提出一种基于分组的语义对等网络——Semantic GCNET,充分利用GCNET网络具有小世界特征的优点,确保其搜索限制在与查询主题相关的局部节点子集中,解决其他一些语义对等网络对主题群搜索低效的问题,克服一些语义对等网络仅支持精确匹配查找的缺点。实验结果表明,Semantic GCNET具有高效的语义查询性能和查全率。  相似文献   

7.
在全分布无结构P2P中,节点通常组织成为覆盖网络,通过查询消息在网络中广泛转发实现盲目搜索。由于数据存放位置独立于数据内容,一个节点并不清楚哪些节点更容易命中查询,因此发现路由方向感,提高查询消息转发有效性,对全分布无结构P2P搜索具有重要意义。在相关工作中,主要从用户兴趣、本体论等语义角度聚类用户,减小搜索范围。但当前语义获取和语义描述等工作还不甚成熟,因此这些方法并没有得到广泛采用。提出了一种以访问频率为路由方向感的新型搜索方法QRRO。在QRRO中,每个节点被分配一权重标识;节点仅仅为访问频率与节点权重接近的数据建立索引;基于访问频率建立存储内容和存储位置之间的藕合关系,形成路由方向感。模拟实验表明,QRRO在提高搜索成功率、降低搜索路径长度方面是有效的。而且,由于访问频率是每个文件都具有的非语义属性,因此QRRO具有通用性。  相似文献   

8.
This paper presents an efficient structured P2P overlay over MANET which better matches to the physical network in term of routing. This feature is achieved by locally building up the minimum-spanning tree (MST) at each peer using the information of the peer’s logical neighbors which are either directly connected (1-hop) or 2-hops away. Using this interconnection structure among the peers, we design a new algorithm to distribute the contents information in the overlay by partitioning the identifier (ID) space among the peers. In this algorithm, each peer maintains a disjoint portion of the ID space. The ID space at a peer may be non-contiguous and each contiguous part is consecutive to the ID space of its directly connected neighbor peers. To route the file-lookup query, each peer builds up a binary search tree (BST) using the knowledge of the ID space of itself and of its directly connected neighbor peers. Simulation results show that our approach outperforms the existing approaches in term of routing overhead, average file-discovery delay, false-negative ratio and average path-stretch value.  相似文献   

9.
本文提出了一种基于多重覆盖的结构化P2P搜索策略,mDOS(multi-Dimensional Overlays based Search).mDOS模拟社会网络中的小世界模型,根据结点的多重属性将结点组织成为多维树型结构.每一维上的任意两个结点根据其在树型结构中的位置形成语义距离.按照覆盖网络中实际距离与语义距离之间的一定函数关系构造多重覆盖网络.邻居结点和目标结点之间在网络中的实际距离可以通过他们的语义距离估计得到,形成基于结点属性的路由方向感.两个结点的有效距离取值多维中的最短语义距离.多重覆盖中的一个结点可以桥接在不同维上的邻居结点,缩小结点之间的平均有效距离,进而缩短搜索路径长度.mDOS还引入索引内容"懒惰维护"机制和路由表"被动修改"机制以克服结点动态性带来的覆盖网络维护代价.最后的实验表明mDOS可以降低搜索路径长度,降低维护代价,提高可用性.  相似文献   

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11.
Recently, peer-to-peer (P2P) search technique has become popular in the Web as an alternative to centralized search due to its high scalability and low deployment-cost. However, P2P search systems are known to suffer from the problem of peer dynamics, such as frequent node join/leave and document changes, which cause serious performance degradation. This paper presents the architecture of a P2P search system that supports full-text search in an overlay network with peer dynamics. This architecture, namely HAPS, consists of two layers of peers. The upper layer is a DHT (distributed hash table) network interconnected by some super peers (which we refer to as hubs). Each hub maintains distributed data structures called search directories, which could be used to guide the query and to control the search cost. The bottom layer consists of clusters of ordinary peers (called providers), which can receive queries and return relevant results. Extensive experimental results indicate that HAPS can perform searches effectively and efficiently. In addition, the performance comparison illustrates that HAPS outperforms a flat structured system and a hierarchical unstructured system in the environment with peer dynamics.  相似文献   

12.
Nature is a great source of inspiration for scientists, because natural systems seem to be able to find the best way to solve a given problem by using simple and robust mechanisms. Studying complex natural systems, scientists usually find that simple local dynamics lead to sophisticated macroscopic structures and behaviour. It seems that some kind of local interaction rules naturally allow the system to auto-organize itself as an efficient and robust structure, which can easily solve different tasks. Examples of such complex systems are social networks, where a small set of basic interaction rules leads to a relatively robust and efficient communication structure. In this paper, we present PROSA, a semantic peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay network inspired by social dynamics. The way queries are forwarded and links among peers are established in PROSA resemble the way people ask other people for collaboration, help or information. Behaving as a social network of peers, PROSA naturally evolves to a small world, where all peers can be reached in a fast and efficient way. The underlying algorithm used for query forwarding, based only on local choices, is both reliable and effective: peers sharing similar resources are eventually connected with each other, allowing queries to be successfully answered in a really small amount of time. The resulting emergent structure can guarantee fast responses and good query recall.  相似文献   

13.
Distributed hash tables (DHTs) excel at exact-match lookups, but they do not directly support complex queries such as semantic search that is based on content. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to efficient semantic search on DHT overlays. The basic idea is to place indexes of semantically close files into same peer nodes with high probability by exploiting information retrieval algorithms and locality sensitive hashing. A query for retrieving semantically close files is answered with high recall by consulting only a small number (e.g., 10–20) of nodes that stores the indexes of the files semantically close to the query. Our approach adds only index information to peer nodes, imposing only a small storage overhead. Via detailed simulations, we show that our approach achieves high recall for queries at very low cost, i.e., the number of nodes visited for a query is about 10–20, independent of the overlay size.  相似文献   

14.
纯Peer to Peer环境下有效的Top-k查询   总被引:19,自引:2,他引:19  
何盈捷  王珊  杜小勇 《软件学报》2005,16(4):540-552
目前大多数的Peer-to-Peer(P2P)系统只支持基于文件标识的搜索,用户不能根据文件的内容进行搜索.Top-k查询被广泛地应用于搜索引擎中,获得了巨大的成功.可是,由于P2P系统是一个动态的、分散的系统,在纯的P2P环境下进行top-k查询是具有挑战性的.提出了一种基于直方图的分层top-k查询算法.首先,采用层次化的方法实现分布式的top-k查询,将结果的合并和排序分散到P2P网络中的各个节点上,充分利用了网络中的资源.其次,根据节点返回的结果为节点构建直方图,利用直方图估计节点可能的分数上限,对节点进行选择,提高了查询效率.实验证明,top-k查询提高了查询效果,而直方图则提高了查询效率.  相似文献   

15.
《Computer Networks》2007,51(3):712-731
Empirical studies have shown that participating nodes in peer-to-peer (P2P) systems are not equivalent. Some nodes, known as “super peers”, are more powerful and stable than the others. Such heterogeneity has been taken into account in the design of P2P systems in two ways: by employing super peers to serve as index servers for query, and by routing through super peers to speed up query. In this paper, we use super peers to reduce maintenance cost in Chord—a DHT network which, like other DHT-based systems, is often praised for its guaranteed search feature but has relatively higher maintenance overhead than Gnutella-like unstructured P2P networks.  相似文献   

16.
P2P网络中参与资源共享的节点日益增多,且呈海量趋势。如何在海量用户海量资源的情况下,查询整个P2P网络中的资源语义分布,计算网络中的所有语义聚类,是一个颇具挑战性的问题。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种面向自组织P2P网络的语义聚类查询算法SCQASPNSR。该算法可高效计算整个P2P网络中的语义聚类,为研究网络中资源语义分布、进行有效的知识发现,提供了有力支持。  相似文献   

17.
基于Web语言分布和P2P中共享信息的特点,提出了一个基于语言类别的P2P覆盖网络。该方法通过对节点共享信息的语言进行识别,将节点根据不同的语言类别进行组织,查询时对查询问题进行同样的分类,并在对应语言类别中进行查找。仿真表明,该方法有效地提高了不同语言用户的查询成功率,同时便于已有语义分析技术在P2P网络中的进一步应用。  相似文献   

18.
一种高效的P2P环境中的窗口查询算法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着多媒体以及P2P网络的发展,针对高维数据基于属性的窗口查询已经成为一个重要研究课题.提出了一种在超级节点P2P网络中有效解决高维数据的窗口查询算法,在每个单独的网络节点上,数据通过一种降维算法映射到一维空间,在超级节点上,构造数据的统计信息表以及构造网络查询树,算法在每次查询时,按照查询树的规则来访问整个网络,并利用统计信息剪枝网络中的节点查询,避免网络的泛洪.实验中使用了不同的数据集来评测算法的查询效率,结果表明该算法具有很高的查询效率.  相似文献   

19.
Effectiveness of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems highly depends on efficiency and scalability of their search algorithms. Moreover, managing trust is a key issue for wide acceptance of P2P computing. Surprisingly, the majority of the available trust systems ignore the underlying search algorithm and assume it is preexisting. We claim that combining search and trust systems yields significant performance gains in terms of network traffic and query success rate. In this paper, we propose a robust and efficient trust based search framework for unstructured P2P networks. Our framework maintains limited size routing indexes combining search and trust data to guide queries to most reputable nodes. By dynamically selecting reputable nodes as score managers, our scheme tracks the reputation of participating peers. In an alternative approach, we aggregate partial reputation values obtained from reverse query paths to introduce a low overhead method for estimating reputation scores of peers. Through P2P network simulation experiments, we find significant performance gains in using our framework.  相似文献   

20.
现有P2P信息共享系统存在仅支持粗粒度、弱语义共享以及系统效率低等局限性,限制了其更大规模、更高层次的应用。基于资源相似节点通过信息聚类聚集在同一主题域,实现节点资源有序组织的思想,提出了一种基于语义覆盖网的P2P信息共享系统,建立由资源层、信息服务中心层、语义覆盖网络层和应用层四个层次组成的系统框架结构,并阐述了系统流程。分析表明,该系统有效优化了网络性能,可扩展性好,可以胜任不同的网络规模。  相似文献   

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