国产中空吹塑级树脂性能探析

通过综合分析国内外几种高密度聚乙烯中空吹塑专用树脂的性能，确定了中空吹塑级树脂的生产定位。独山子石化公司乙烯改扩建引进BP公司铬系催化剂技术的新产品HD5502GA为共聚高相对分子质量树脂，其熔体流动速率为0．16～0．29g／10min，密度为0．952～0．958g／cm^3、相对分子质量分布11．8，耐环境应力开裂时间为41～60h，力学性能非常好；与国内同类中空成型树脂相比，具有突出的韧性、良好的刚性，适于生产0～50L中空容器。     

LDPE大棚膜专用树脂18B的开发

通过对低密度聚乙烯大棚膜专用树脂性能的分析，确定了专用树脂18B的性能指标及工艺操作条件，并试生产成功，大棚膜专用树脂18B的熔体流动指数为0．5－0．9g/10min，密度为0．918－0．922g/cm^2，拉伸强度为13．5MPa，薄膜雾度小于等于11％，具有保温，耐候，长寿，透明性高等优点，其机械性能也明显高于通用薄膜产品，是生产大棚膜，重包装膜的理想材料。     

包装用的LDPE

据（PlasticsEngineering｝1997，53（8）报道，俄亥俄州辛辛纳提市Millennium石油化工公司推出一种称为PetrotheneNA157－244的低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）树脂，它可通过吹塑或浇注制成薄膜，可用于食物或非食物的包装。它是一种密度为0．926g／cm3的均聚树脂，MI指数为3．0g／10min，具有优良的加工性能。这种新材料符合美国食品与药物管理局（FDA）ZICFR177．1520规定的要求，允许用于与食品接触的制品或组件的生产。由于具有较高的熔体强度，据称可使吹塑薄膜有很好的膜泡稳定性。在进行吹塑成型时，树脂的熔融挤出温度推荐为330下一…     

HDPE吹塑专用树脂5200 B的工艺控制

以高密度聚乙烯5000S的生产工艺为基础,根据聚合物的基本物性与工艺参数之间的关系,选择了以聚合并联方式生产吹塑专用树脂5200B的工艺方案。在进行5200B转产时,对催化剂进料速率、氢气／乙烯、聚合温度及淤浆掺和比等工艺条件进行了调整。试生产结果表明,当第一、二聚合釜中主催化剂进料速率分别为39,17kg/h,助催化剂进料速率均为44kg/h,氢气乙烯摩尔比分别为1．90～2．20,0．20～0．22,淤浆掺和比为52．5：47．5,聚合温度控制在85℃时,产品综合性能优良,达到国家标准。     

PP医用输液瓶专用树脂的工业开发

在115kt／a浆液法聚丙烯装置上进行了医用输液瓶专用树脂B205的工艺路线设计及工业开发，根据此专用树脂的物理机械性能、光学性能、卫生指标、外观及加工流变性能等方面的要求，确定了工艺技术方案。B205的熔体流动指数为0．9—1．3g／10min，屈服抽伸强度大于或等于27MPa，冲击强度大于或等于4．5kJ/m^2，符合医药卫生级树脂标准要求。用B205制成的聚丙烯瓶具有机械强度高、透明性好、透水性小、耐蠕变和瓶壁薄的特点。     

气相色谱法测定饮用水中挥发性卤代烃

利用大口径毛细管柱气相色谱／电子捕获检测器（GC／ECD）方法，直接进样测定了饮用水中三氯甲烷，四氯化碳，一溴二氯甲烷，二溴一氯甲烷，三溴甲烷五种挥发性卤代烃，所建立的方法简便，快速，灵敏度高，并具有较好的精密度与准确度，当五种卤代烃化合物的质量浓度平均值为9．03－20．19g/L,CV为2．9－7．5，标准差为0．3－0．9g/L，样品的加标回收率为80－118％，标准曲线的相关系数为0．998－0．999，ECD的温度为350℃，其最低检测限在0．1－0．7g/L范围内，。均低于文献报道值。     

专利：中空成型用填充聚丙烯树脂组合物及其制备方法

本发明公开了一种用于中空成型用填充聚丙烯树脂组合物及其制备方法。该组合物包括45～90重量份的聚丙烯树脂1,熔融指数为1．5—5．0g／10min;5—90重量份的经涂覆处理的无机填料,其粒径为1．0～10．01μm;0．2～0．5重量份的抗氧剂。本发明组合物适合于中空吹塑成型工艺,采用该组合物制备的中空制品比传统的聚丙烯中空制品具有更高的刚性、更低的成本以及更短的成型周期;     

2008全球塑料产业最为令人关注的新成果

巴斯夫公司在2008年推出的“明星级”产品当属Ultraform E3120BM新型吹塑级聚甲醛树脂,公司计划将这种树脂于2009年3月实现商业化生产。据BASF介绍,利用Ultraform E3120BM树脂可以实现高效率、低成本地加工具有耐化学品特性、半透明性的中空容器制品。与聚乙烯中空容器相比,用该聚甲醛树脂加工的容器具有更好的阻隔性能。这种树脂在挤出吹塑时,具有非常高的熔体劲度,     

纳米CaCO3微乳液存在下的万吨级氯乙烯原位聚合技术

成功开发了一种聚合级纳米CaCO3微乳化体系,可直接用于氯乙烯（VCM）的原位聚合。当体系与VCM比例在3％－5％时,所得PVC－SG5型树脂白度为86,表观密度为0．59g/mL,吸油率达到25％左右,PVC树脂加工流变性能比传统产品有大幅提高,制品的冲击性能增加2－4倍。电镜显示纳米颗粒与PVC基体之间呈三维网架结点结构,在高分子基体内部分纳米颗粒崩解为5－10nm的粒子。该项技术解决了纳米微乳化体系稳定性的问题,并初探了纳米原位聚合反应动力学和成粒过程的影响因素。已先后在国内2万t/a工业装置及6万t/a生产流程实现了产业化。     

HN—型高固色率活性染料的低盐染色法

HN－型高固色率活性染料红HN－2B，金黄HN－R，深蓝HN－2G，其吸色率在95％以上，固色率在85％左右。以几种不同的染色,用HN－型高固色率活性染料对棉纱及棉布进行了染色，染色结果表明，在中温下，该活性染料可以采用低盐染色。当盐的加入量减少为30g/L (是标准加入量的1／2），其最适宜的染色条件:浴比1：20，染色深度3％，40℃上梁，60℃固色，氯化钾20g/L和柠檬酸三钠为10g/L，碱磷酸三钠的加入量为4＋10g/L时，其K／S值下降百分数：红HN－2B为10．16；金黄HN－4为5．57，深蓝HN－2G为8．57。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。