基于高斯尺度空间的末制导目标跟踪方法

针对光电成像末制导阶段目标尺寸和姿态均迅速变化的问题,提出了一种基于高斯尺度空间的目标跟踪方法。该方法根据目标模板信息获得其在待匹配图像中的搜索区域,由高斯尺度空间理论求得相应的空间图像;利用尺度参数估计出不同尺寸目标的待匹配图像,并将目标模板与这些待匹配图像进行相关匹配,由匹配程度最高的图像求得目标模板的当前位置和尺寸;当模板尺寸发生变化时,对目标模板进行刷新。仿真结果表明,该算法能适应末制导阶段目标尺寸的急剧变化,在强杂波地面背景下实现对目标的稳定跟踪。     

用于目标跟踪的双阈值快速序贯相似性检测算法

为降低序贯相似性检测算法(SSDA)的计算量,提出了一种双阈值快速SSDA算法(DTSSDA)。DTSSDA增加了误差累积速度阈值,当误差累积速度超过速度阈值时可提前终止本次匹配计算,而速度阈值可利用帧间相关性信息自动地选取。另外算法中还引入了积分图的概念并采用了从粗到精的搜索策略。实验表明DTSSDA能在保证匹配精度基本不变的前提下使单帧计算量大幅减少,因此更适合于实时目标跟踪。     

实时图像序列的空中微小目标检测和跟踪

实时图像序列空中微小目标的检测和跟踪,采用基于对比度跟踪算法.其目标检测通过确定跟踪区域、分割目标等步骤先减少噪声影响,使图像对比度增强,把目标从背景中突显出来.同时,采用相应的目标识别及跟踪、记忆跟踪等方法,计算图像的目标预计位置,并附之以形状匹配.试验证明,该算法满足微小目标跟踪要求.     

前视红外目标的鲁棒分层跟踪算法

针对前视红外序列图像中目标与背景对比度低、灰度级动态范围小以及目标边缘模糊的特点,提出了一种基于均值漂移和特征匹配的红外目标鲁棒分层跟踪算法。首先利用均值漂移算法来快速搜索局部最优候选目标。然后,通过特征匹配对跟踪误差进行有效修正。采用Harris算子对模板目标与候选目标进行特征点提取,利用改进的Hausdorff测度对特征点进行有效的匹配度量,最终实现红外目标的精确定位。实验结果表明该算法简单有效,能准确跟踪前视红外目标。     

图像配准方法及其在目标跟踪中的应用

给出了一种基于点特征的图像配准方法,可以用于复杂背景下任意角度旋转的图像之间的配准。图像配准算法分为四个步骤:用Forstner算子分别提取参考图像与待配准图像的特征点;使用旋转不变特征向量获取特征点之间的初始匹配关系;使用投票算法剔除误匹配点对,获取正确配对的同名点对;用最小二乘方法由正确配对的同名点对获取图像之间的配准参数。给出了基于点特征的图像配准方法在目标跟踪中的应用方法,并进行了仿真实验,结果证明该图像配准算法可以对复杂背景下弱对比度静止目标进行精确跟踪,而且算法具有很好的通用性。     

一种复杂地面背景的目标跟踪算法

实时跟踪算法将提供的原始目标作为基准图像进行序列跟踪，在跟踪过程中根据一定的判据对基准图像的更换、目标丢失的判断等状态进行控制．通过对各种实时跟踪算法的研究，提出了一种基于图像相关的多模板跟踪算法，并给出了多模板相关算法中的判断准则：模板更换准则、目标丢失判断．试验证明，对地面复杂背景的目标实时跟踪有效可行。     

基于分割模板运动预估的相关跟踪算法

为了对常规相关匹配算法实时性能进行提升,提出一种基于分割模板运动预估的相关跟踪算法。采用最小二乘法全区间等距拟合目标运动轨迹,计算出目标当前预估点;将模板图像按块运动估计算法要求分割成宏块;按菱形搜索法在预估点周围区域进行搜索,得到每个宏块的最佳运动矢量;取匹配度最佳的运动矢量对应点为模板的粗匹配点;判断该点所在宏块与搜索区域相对位置关系,决定是否进行精匹配结束搜索,或是按梯度方向建立新的搜索区域。目标跟踪实验证明,该方法比基于全搜索的归一化积相关( NProd)算法其计算时间缩短到3.31倍。     

高斯粒子滤波的局部光流运动匹配跟踪算法

针对目前大多数目标跟踪算法容易受背景干扰等问题,为了快速准确地进行目标跟踪,在基于粒子滤波跟踪方法的启发下,提出高斯粒子滤波的局部光流运动匹配目标跟踪算法。该算法首先采用高斯粒子滤波算法对未来时刻目标的位置状态进行估计假设,缩小目标搜索范围;然后对锁定范围内场景中的所有内容进行局部光流约束匹配计算,寻找最佳匹配位置;最后通过估计目标状态来获得跟踪目标。仿真实验结果表明,该算法特别适用于目标灵活运动时的跟踪,与现有的算法相比,不仅算法实现简单,同时有较好的鲁棒性和通用性。     

一种基于特征匹配的目标识别跟踪方法

针对复杂背景下的动态目标跟踪问题,提出了一种基于边缘检测,综合多图像特征与伺服机构位置信息进行匹配的目标识别跟踪方法。利用SUSAN算法检测边缘,提取出单帧图像中的可疑目标,依次选用灰度、目标几何、伺服机构位置信息和边界不变矩信息匹配,完成目标的识别。采用kalman预测滤波对脱靶量滞后时间进行补偿,选用目标空间位置进行多步预测,引导伺服机构跟踪。外场实验表明,该方法能有效她匹配识别出目标,并保持连续稳定的跟踪。     

基于跟踪微分器的一类SISO非线性系统输出反馈变结构控制

提出了一种基于非线性-跟踪微分器的输出反馈变结构控制算法.在已知不确定性函数上界的条件下,通过跟踪微分器较好地实现了对输出信号高阶导数的估计;设计的变结构控制器简单、鲁棒性强滑.仿真算例显示了该方法的有效性.     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.