Influence of annealing duration on the erosive wear behavior of polyphenylenesulphide composites

The influence of annealing duration on the erosive wear behavior of short glass fiber (40% w/w) and CaCO₃ mineral particulate (25% w/w)–short glass fiber (40% w/w) (total: 65% w/w) reinforced PPS composites has been characterized under various experimental conditions by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and erosion measurements. The erosive wear of the composites have been evaluated at different impingement angles (30, 45, 60, and 90°) and at four different annealing periods (30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Increase in the total crystallization causes an improvement in the erosive wear properties of the samples. Annealing time controls the morphology by influencing the degree of crystallinity in the matrix and in the fiber–matrix interface. This formation restricts fiber–matrix debonding. There is no linear proportionality between annealing time and relative degree of crystallization. The results indicate that PPS composites show maximum in wear versus impact angle relation at 60° confirming their semi-ductile failure behavior. The morphologies of eroded surface are examined by the scanning electron microscope.     

Carbon fabric reinforced polyetherimide composites: Influence of weave of fabric and processing parameters on performance properties and erosive wear

Woven carbon fabric reinforced (55 vol.%) polyetherimide (PEI) composites were fabricated using three types of weaves viz. plain (P), twill (T), and satin-4 H (S) by impregnation technique. Three more similar composites were fabricated with film technique to study the influence of both, weave of fabric and processing technique on the performance properties of the total seven composites including neat PEI. The composites were evaluated for physical and mechanical properties along with erosion wear behavior studied in identical conditions. In almost all properties viz. tensile strength (TS), modulus (TM), elongation to break (e), flexural strength and modulus, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), etc., film technique proved far inferior to impregnation technique because of improper wetting of fiber strands, as evidenced by SEM studies. CF reinforcement enhanced all the properties of PEI manifold except elongation to break. None of the weaves proved best performer in all the mechanical properties. In case of erosive wear studies, plain weave composite proved slightly better than satin weave composite. Composite with twill weave proved poorest performer. In case of film technique, however, trends were different where plain weave composite proved poorest and satin proved best. Efforts were made to correlate various strength properties with wear resistance W_R. The factor (elongation × toughness) showed fairly good correlation with W_R. SEM studies were conducted to understand wear mechanisms.     

界面对ABS/PA6共混体系脆韧转变及断裂行为的影响

合成了反应性核壳结构增韧剂ABS-g-MA和ABS-g-AA增韧PA6, 2种增韧剂的唯一差别在于壳层接枝的反应性单体不同, 从而在与PA6共混过程中相界面存在差异, 研究在其他参数都相同的条件下, 界面性质对ABS/PA6共混体系脆韧转变及断裂行为的影响。Molau试验与扭矩试验证实ABS-g-MA/PA6共混物具有更佳的界面强度。TEM结果表明2种增韧剂在PA6中均匀分散, 然而力学测试结果表明ABS-g-MA/PA6共混物在分散相质量分数为25%~30%时发生脆韧转变,冲击强度可以达到900 J/m以上, ABS-g-AA/PA6共混物在分散相质量分数为30%~35%时发生脆韧转变。SEM结果表明ABS-g-MA/PA6共混物断面发生显著的塑性形变。TEM表明ABS-g-MA/PA6共混物的形变机制为橡胶粒子的空洞化与塑料基体的剪切屈服, 而ABS-g-AA/PA6体系没有空洞化现象, 基体剪切屈服不明显。Vu---Khanh方法测试表明, 由于ABS-g-MA/PA6共混物更高的界面强度, 共混物具有更高的G_i值, 因此冲击韧性极佳。      

短玻纤增强丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物的制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及短玻璃纤维(SGF)为原料, 以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)和环氧树脂(EP)为界面相容剂, 制备了SGF/SMA-EP-ABS复合材料。用扫描电镜(SEM)、 动态力学热分析(DMTA)等研究了界面相容剂对SGF增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘结性能的影响。结果表明:加入SMA或EP, SGF增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高; SMA与EP同时加入具有明显的协同效果, 使复合材料的性能更为优越。当SGF加入质量分数为30%时, SGF/SMA-EP-ABS复合材料的拉伸强度、 弯曲强度、 冲击强度较未添加界面相容剂时分别提高了56%、 42%、 79%。SEM和DMTA测试表明, 加入SMA和环氧树脂后, SGF与ABS基体之间的界面粘结性能得到很大改善。      

Mechanical and fracture properties of ternary PE/PA6/GF composites

This article studies the mechanical properties of short fiber reinforced polymer blends comprised of a soft thermoplastic matrix (polyethylene, PE), a rigid dispersed thermoplastic phase (polyamide-6, PA6) and glass fiber reinforcement. These ternary composites are designed as a model system to investigate the impact of the mutual interactions of the three phases on the composite mechanical properties. For this purpose two types of fibers are used, dispersed-phase and matrix-phase compatible fibers, respectively.     

PA6/ABS共混物的脆-韧转变研究

采用熔融共混方法制备了苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)增容的PA6/ARS共混物,结合吴守恒的临界基体层厚度(IDc)理论,考察了基体层厚度与界面粘接对PA6/ABS共混物脆一韧转变的影响.结果表明,温度低于8℃,当ID减小时,冲击强度先缓慢增加,当ID＜ID.时,共混物缺口冲击强度急剧增加;测试温度处于13℃～23℃...     

Mechanical properties of E-glass fibre reinforced nylon 6/6 resin composites

The tensile strength, tensile modulus, compressive strength, interlaminar shear strength and residual tensile strength of E-glass fibre reinforced nylon 6/6 resin composite with the variation of fibre volume fraction are characterized. The results are in line with the required limits of theoretical values.     

Friction and wear properties of UHMWPE composites reinforced with carbon fiber

The artificial joint acetabular material ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was reinforced with carbon fibers (CF) in different contents. The effects of CF content on hardness and tribological properties of the materials were studied. The morphologies of wear surfaces were examined with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results show that the hardness and wear resistance of CF-reinforced UHMWPE composites increased with CF content; the friction coefficients under distilled water lubrication were decreased greatly by the addition of CF; that adherence, plowing, plastic deformation and fatigue wear are dominant for the UHMWPE under dry sliding, and that abrasive wear and drawing out of CF from the wear surface of the composites are dominant for the CF-UHMWPE composites under both dry and distilled water lubrication conditions.     

Microstructure,mechanical properties,electrical conductivity and wear behavior of high volume TiC reinforced Cu-matrix composites

This study deals with the processing, microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and wear behavior of high volume titanium carbide reinforced copper matrix composites. The microstructural study revealed that the titanium carbide particles were distributed uniformly in the matrix phase. No interface debonding and micro-cracks were observed in the composite. The addition of alloying elements in the copper considerably increased the sintered density and properties. The composite hardness and strength increased with titanium carbide content and alloying elements in the matrix phase. The electrical conductivities of the composites were predicted using three point upper bound and two phase self consistent predictive models. The wear resistance of the composites was studied against high speed steel. Wear mechanisms were discussed by means of microscope observations on the worn surfaces. The ratio of titanium carbide average grain size to the mean free path of the binder was introduced as a parameter to determine wear performance.     

Friction and wear behavior of carbon nanotubes reinforced polyamide 6 composites under dry sliding and water lubricated condition

The friction and wear behavior of carbon nanotube reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6/CNT) composites under dry sliding and water lubricated condition was comparatively investigated using a pin-on-disc wear tester at different normal loads. The morphologies of the worn surfaces and counterfaces of the composites were also observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that CNTs could improve the wear resistance and reduce the friction coefficient of PA6 considerably under both sliding conditions, due to the effective reinforcing and self-lubricating effects of CNTs on the PA6 matrix. The composites exhibited lower friction coefficient and higher wear rate under water lubricated condition than under dry sliding. Although the cooling and boundary lubrication effect of the water contributed to reduce the friction coefficient of the composites, the adsorbed water lowered the strength of the composites and also inhibited the formation of transfer layers on the counterfaces resulting in less wear resistance. With the increasing normal loads, the friction coefficient of the composites increased under the dry sliding and decreased under the water lubricated condition, owing to inconsistent influences of shear strength and real contact areas. The specific wear rate of the composites increased under both sliding conditions.     

阴离子聚合尼龙6/ABS合金的制备与性能

采用缩二脲（HDI）封端端羟基丁腈橡胶预聚物,制备大分子橡胶改性活化剂,以氢氧化钠为催化剂,选择不同配比的ABS树脂加入熔融己内酰胺单体中,确定聚合温度为160℃~180℃,通过阴离子聚合制得ABS/尼龙6（PA6）共混物。在原位合成ABS改性尼龙体系中,以橡胶改性剂作为ABS与尼龙的相容剂,当ABS用量为m（ABS）...     

Microstructures and wear properties of YPSZ/CeO2 reinforced composites deposited by laser cladding

In this study, the influence of YPSZ/CeO₂ on the surface performance of the laser-cladded composites was firstly researched. Laser cladding of the Fe₃Al/Co42B + YPSZ/CeO₂ pre-placed powders on Ti–6Al–4V alloy can form the composite coating, which increased the wear resistance of the substrate. With addition of 20 wt.%TiC, the longevity of the molten pool decreased, leading to the decreasing of the growth time of the precipitates and the content of CoTi, TiNi, AlNi, Ti₃Al and TiB phases. The addition of 20 wt.%TiC did not improve the tribological properties of the Fe₃Al/Co42B + YPSZ/CeO₂ laser-cladded composite coating.     

The friction and wear properties of carbon nanotubes/graphite/carbon fabric reinforced phenolic polymer composites

In this paper, either graphite (Gr) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs), or both of them were incorporated into carbon fabric reinforced phenolic (CFRP) composites, preparing by a dip-coating and heat molding process, the tribological properties of the resulting composites were investigated using a block-on-ring arrangement. The worn surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope to understand the mechanism. Experimental results showed that the optimal Gr was more beneficial than CNTs in improving the tribological properties of the CFRP composites when they were singly incorporated. It is well worth noting that the friction and wear behavior of the CNTs-filled CFRP composites were improved further when Gr was added, indicating that there is a synergistic effect between them. Tribological tests under different sliding conditions revealed that the Gr and CNTs-filled CFRP composites seemed to be the most suitable for tribological applications under higher sliding speed and load, and oil lubrication.     

Ti2SnC纳米片增强PTFE基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

为探讨Ti2SnC纳米片含量对聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响.采用超声剥离Ti2SnC块体材料的方法获得了Ti2SnC纳米片,并以此为原料通过冷压烧结的方法制备了Ti2SnC纳米片/PTFE复合材料.研究了Ti2SnC纳米片含量对复合材料硬度和相同载荷下摩擦磨损性能的影响,以及不同载荷对纯PTFE和...     

阴离子原位聚合尼龙6/ABS合金的研究

采用HDI缩二脲封端端羟基丁腈橡胶预聚物,制备大分子橡胶改性活化剂,以氢氧化钠为催化剂,选择不同配比的ABS树脂加入熔融己内酰胺单体中,确定聚合温度为160℃~180℃,通过阴离子聚合制得ABS/PA6共混物。耐水性和吸水后力学性能分析得知,合金共聚物吸水率比纯PA6明显降低,合金吸水后力学性能有不同程度的降低,但吸水后力学损失量比纯PA6低很多。电镜测试表明原位反应增容因PA6与ABS两相界面张力降低,使ABS分散颗粒变小并更均匀地分散于PA6中。     

PPESK/ABS/TK复合材料流变性能的研究

为了研究晶须对PPESK/ABS共混物流变性能的影响,用溶液共沉淀方法制备了不同比例的含二氮杂萘联苯结构的聚醚砜酮(PPESK)/ABS/钛酸钾晶须(TK)复合材料,在290～310℃下,测定了复合材料的流变性能.研究结果表明:在该实验温度下,当PPESK/ABS为70/30,晶须含量由10到40份变化时(每百份树脂中晶须的含量),PPESK/ABS/TK复合材料的熔体属假塑性非牛顿流体,其熔体黏度随温度的升高、剪切速率的增大而下降,随TK含量的增加而增大;TK的加入使PPESK/ABS的熔融加工性变差.     

Investigation of microstructure and wear behaviors of al matrix composites reinforced by carbon nanotube

In this study, the effect of CNT amount in Al-CNT composites produced by adding carbon nanotube (CNT) to 7075 Al alloy in various amounts on microstructure and wear behaviors of aluminum matrix composites was investigated. CNT was added to 7075 Al alloy powder at five different amounts. The powders were mechanically milled for 2 hours. Mechanical milled powders were cold pressed and then pre-shaped by hot pressing. Pre-shaped samples were sintered for 1 hour under 10^?6 millibar in 580°C. Microstructure examinations, hardness measurements, and wear tests were carried out. The results show that CNT's in the microstructure were agglomerated as nanotube amount increases and there was no uniform distribution. The highest hardness value was obtained in AMC reinforced with 1% CNT while it is seen that hardness of the composite decreases and weight loss increases as CNT amount increases.     

有机蒙脱土调控ABS/PA6共混体系的共连续结构

采用熔融共混的方法制备了不同配比的有机蒙脱土(OMMT)填充丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)/尼龙6(PA6)共混物。通过抽提、SEM、TEM、XRD等表征手段研究了OMMT在PA6相中的定向分散现象及共混体系相结构的演变规律。结果表明,OMMT可以定向分散在ABS/PA6共混物的PA6相中,使形成共连续结构的聚合物比例范围变宽;随着OMMT含量的增加,形成共连续结构所需的PA6的含量降低,同时相尺寸减小;OMMT的临界含量(m(OMMT))和形成共连续PA6的质量分数(m(PA6))存在近似的反比关系,其特征参数n值约为8,据此可根据共混体系中PA6的含量,推算形成相反转所需的OMMT添加量,为相关共混物的制备提供有益的借鉴。     

Mechanical,corrosion, and sliding wear behavior of intermetallics reinforced austenitic stainless steel composites

The present work investigates the effect of supersolidus sintering and intermetallics (Ni₃Al, Fe₃Al) additions on the densification, mechanical, tribological, and electrochemical behavior of sintered austenitic (316L) stainless steels. The performances of the supersolidus liquid phase sintered (SLPS) compacts are compared with the conventional solid-state sintered (SSS) compacts of similar compositions. Correspondingly, the sintering was carried out at two different temperatures 1200 °C (SSS) and 1400 °C (SLPS). Supersolidus sintering results in significant improvement in densification, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, strength, and ductility in both straight as well as aluminide added composites.