红磷与纳米氧化铝组合烟幕对10.6μm激光的消光系数研究

为了提高红磷烟幕对10.6μm激光的消光性能,在中型烟幕试验柜中分别测试了纳米氧化铝气溶胶、红磷及其组合烟幕对10.6μm激光的质量消光系数。在空气相对湿度为40%的条件下,纳米氧化铝气溶胶、红磷及其组合烟幕对入射功率为1.0W的10.6μm激光的平均质量消光系数分别为0.222,0.298,0.449m2.g-1。根据试验结果,纳米氧化铝气溶胶和红磷烟幕组合使用后可以显著改善纳米氧化铝粉体的分散特性,并使得红磷烟幕对该波段激光的质量消光系数提高50.7%。     

三维石墨烯粉体制备及其红外消光性能

为了探究三维石墨烯的红外消光性能,采用热化学沉积法制备了三维石墨烯粉体,通过电镜、拉曼光谱仪和X射线衍射仪表征了三维石墨烯粉体的形貌和结构特征,利用粉体综合特性仪测试了其流散性;利用烟幕箱试验测试了三维石墨烯的红外消光性能,并与复合石墨、碳纤维的消光性能进行了比较。结果表明：三维石墨烯的红外消光性能优异,在红外波段为3~5 μm和8~14 μm时,其平均质量消光系数分别约为1.32 m²·g^-1和1.09 m²·g^-1。与复合石墨和碳纤维相比,其在3~5 μm的平均质量消光系数分别提高了57%和132%,其在8~14 μm的平均质量消光系数分别提高了35%和102%,具有更优异的红外消光性能。     

一种液态干扰材料红外衰减特性实验研究

在丙二醇水溶液中添加Ti O2纳米颗粒和表面活性剂,制备成相对均匀稳定的多相体系,经超声空气雾化形成微细气溶胶,通过实验研究了添加不同质量分数纳米Ti O2和纳米石墨片对红外衰减特性的影响规律。结果表明：相对于基液,添加纳米Ti O₂能够有效降低红外辐射透过率,添加5.0 wt%Ti O₂纳米颗粒后3～5μm红外透过率降低39.5%,8～14μm红外透过率降低25.6%;在同样的颗粒质量浓度和喷雾压力下,相对于添加Ti O2纳米颗粒,添加纳米石墨片形成气溶胶的红外衰减率在3～5μm波段有所降低,在8～14μm波段基本一致。     

镀镍石墨烯制备及红外干扰性能

为了研究镀镍石墨烯的红外消光性能,探索消光较佳的工艺条件,采用氧化还原和化学镀的方法制备了镀镍石墨烯,通过正交试验设计,以红外衰减率为评价指标,分析了各因素对镀镍石墨烯消光性能的影响,确定了红外消光较佳的工艺条件。利用烟幕箱试验,测试了镀镍石墨烯的红外透过率。基于“Lambert-Beer”定律,通过线性拟合计算了镀镍石墨烯的平均质量消光系数,并与镀前进行了对比分析。结果表明：红外消光较佳的镀镍石墨烯的制备工艺参数为：六水合硫酸镍的浓度为20 g·L^-1,次磷酸钠的浓度为24 g·L^-1,柠檬酸钠的浓度为10 g·L^-1,施镀温度为65℃。该条件下制备的镀镍石墨烯在中远红外波段均表现出非常好的红外消光能力。对于3～5μm和8～14μm红外波段,镀镍石墨烯的平均质量消光系数分别为2.38 m2·g-1和2.19 m²·g^-1。与改性前的石墨烯相比,镀镍石墨烯在中远红外波段的平均质量消光系数分别提高了30%和35%,具有更广阔的应用前景。     

碳纳米材料红外图像遮蔽特性研究

碳纳米材料是一种新型材料,具有尺度小、重量轻、导电及吸波性能好等特点.为了探索碳纳米材料在干扰红外成像制导武器方面的应用,利用大型烟幕箱研究了碳纳米管、纳米碳纤维、纳米石墨几种碳纳米材料对8～12 μm波段红外图像的遮蔽特性.结果表明,碳纳米材料对红外辐射由于吸收和散射双重作用,具有很好的远红外消光作用,质量消光系数最小和最大值分别为0.8884 m2·g-1和2.6226 m2·g-1.     

超细HNS颗粒状态研究

研究了温度及高聚物对超细六硝基茋(HNS-Ⅳ)颗粒状态的影响。结果表明:经22~25℃干燥48 h的超细HNS颗粒分散性较好,而100℃干燥2 h即引起HNS-Ⅳ颗粒团聚;HNS-Ⅳ在真空25℃脱气8 h,所测孔体积与比表面积(BET)高于真空65℃脱气2 h的测试数据;HNS-Ⅳ比表面积并非完全取决于平均粒径,而在一定程度上随其孔体积呈线性变化;纯HNS-Ⅳ平均粒径0.789μm,孔体积0.032 cm3.g-1,比表面积15.13 m2.g-1,添加3%P聚合物后,其平均粒径0.594μm,孔体积0.026 cm3.g-1,比表面积11.41 m2.g-1,加入4%P聚合物,其平均粒径0.890μm,孔体积0.052 cm3.g-1,比表面积23.38 m2.g-1。     

纳米镍粉对1.06μm和10.6μm激光的消光性能研究（英）

在容积为20 m3的烟幕箱中测试了30 g纳米镍粉形成的烟幕对1.06μm和10.6μm激光的消光性能。其质量消光系数分别为1.542 m2.g-1、1.078 m2.g-1,沉降速度为1.035×10-3m.s-1,与常规材料的烟幕性能比较表明,纳米镍粉形成的烟幕消光性能好,悬浮时间长,是一种能有效干扰1.06μm和10.6μm激光的新型烟幕材料。     

光谱法研究膨胀石墨红外波段复折射率

具有良好消光性能的膨胀石墨可用作红外/毫米波复合无源干扰材料,复折射率是研究其消光性能的重要参数.采用压片法分别对膨胀石墨压片在0.24～2.6 μm和2.5～25μm波段的反射光谱进行了测试.结合所测光谱数据,利用Kramers-Kronig(K-K)关系和Bruggemen有效介质理论对膨胀石墨5～10μm波段的复...     

Cd1-xZnxS三元系颜料红外性能研究

采用固相反应方法制备名义组成为Cd1-xZnxS三元系半导体颜料。利用X光衍射表征体系的结构,结果表明,最终实验产物均为纤锌矿结构。测试样品的红外吸收光谱以及3～5μm和8～14μm双波段红外发射率,研究Cd/Zn配比对光谱特性的影响,探讨发射率随波长、配比及温度的变化而改变的机理。     

NiO掺杂的纳米ZnO的制备及其红外光谱特性

为了寻求新的适用于飞行器隐形的吸波材料,针对Zn0的红外光谱特性,采用燃烧法制备氧化镍( Ni0)掺杂的纳米Zn0.通过XRD物相分析测试可以确定样品是由斜方（正交）六面体的Ni0和六方晶体结构的Zn0组成,并有部分镍替代了锌的位置,形成了有效掺杂;通过透射电镜测试可确定样品的颗粒尺寸在30 nm左右;通过红外光谱测试,可以确定样品在中远红外波段存在较宽的吸收带(6.89～16.7 μm),该吸收带完全覆盖军事上雷达的中远红外波段(8～14 μm)。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.