深圳市龙华区学龄前儿童全血中铅、钙、锌、铜、镁和铁的水平

目的评估深圳市0至7岁儿童全血中铅和5种必需元素的水平和相关性。方法选择2017年1月至2018年9月在某院儿童健康体检中心接受体检的3 102名健康儿童为研究对象。利用原子吸收光谱法对儿童血液中钙(Ca)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、铅(Pb)等6种元素浓度水平进行检测。分析和比较不同发育期组中必需元素的分布,并采用Pearson相关性评估铅(Pb)元素和必需元素的关系。结果所有儿童的Pb平均含量为(40.16±16.10)μg/L,Pb中毒的患病率为0.55%(17/3 102)。与婴儿组Pb浓度(43.17±15.43)μg/L和幼儿组Pb浓度(40.51±15.07)μg/L相比,学龄前组的Pb浓度(32.51±14.20)μg/L显著降低(F=13.86,P <0.01)。分别有6.45%(200/3 102)、22.82%(708/3 102)、6.32%(196/3 102)、35.62%(1 105/3 102)的儿童的Cu、Zn、Ca、Fe含量低于正常阈值。随着年龄的增长,Cu、Zn、Fe浓度逐渐增加,而Ca浓度逐渐降低。Pearson相关性分析显示Zn和Mg、Fe (r分别为0.440和0.499,P<0.01),Cu和Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe (r分别为0.335、0.242、0.419、0.316,P <0.01),Ca和Mg (r=0.349,P<0.01),Mg和Fe(r=0.645,P <0.01)之间均存在显著的正相关,而Pb和Zn、Fe之间存在显著的负相关(r分别为-0.279和-0.224,P<0.05)。结论深圳市学龄前阶段儿童血Pb中毒的患病率控制良好,但儿童的整体血Pb水平并不乐观。血Pb水平可能受到儿童某些必需微量金属状态的影响,补充营养元素可能有助于减少Pb的吸收。     

急性心肌梗死后厄贝沙坦干预对血清PⅠCP、PⅢNP及心功能的影响

目的观察厄贝沙坦对急性心肌梗死患者血清Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端肽（PⅠCP）和Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽（PⅢNP）水平的影响。方法将131例急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者按随机数字表法分为常规治疗组（66例）和厄贝沙坦组（65例）,采用放射性免疫法测定血清PⅠCP、PⅢNP的含量,采用彩色Doppler超声心动图仪测量左心室舒张功能和收缩功能参数。另选40例体检健康者为对照组。结果血清PⅠCP、PⅢNP水平：与对照组比较,常规治疗组1、2、4、8周末和厄贝沙坦组1、2、4周末均升高,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;常规治疗组和厄贝沙坦组组间比较,治疗后2、4、8周差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。左心室射血分数（EF）和二尖瓣血流舒张早期流速/心房收缩流速（VE/VA）：发病第2天常规治疗组和厄贝沙坦组较对照组降低,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;常规治疗组和厄贝沙坦组组间比较,治疗后4周差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论厄贝沙坦能降低血清PⅠCP、PⅢNP水平,改善心功能。     

二价阳离子对人SKOV3卵巢癌细胞株细胞黏附、细胞侵袭和细胞转移的影响

目的探讨二价阳离子对人SKOV3卵巢癌细胞株细胞黏附、细胞侵袭和细胞转移的影响。方法将人SKOV3卵巢癌细胞株按常规方法进行培养,待细胞长到80%~90%汇合时用0.25%胰蛋白酶-EDTA消化液消化、传代。取生长良好的P3或P4代细胞按是否加入二价阳离子分为对照组（不加入二价阳离子）和实验组[加入二价阳离子：Ca2＋（2.5、5.01、0.0 mmol·L-1）组和Zn2＋（1.01、0.0 mmol·L-1）组]。在光学显微镜下对各组黏附细胞进行计数。在570 nm波长的酶标仪下测定各组侵袭和转移细胞的OD值,以OD值代表细胞侵袭率和细胞转移率。结果 Ca2＋对人SKOV3卵巢癌细胞黏附具有抑制作用,作用随药物浓度增加而增强,呈剂量依赖性。Ca2＋细胞黏附抑制率范围为10.2%~62.2%,各Ca2＋浓度组人SKOV3卵巢癌细胞黏附率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Zn2＋浓度在1.0 mmol·L-1时,黏附细胞略有增多,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;在10.0 mmol·L-1时,黏附细胞数量显著降低,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Ca2＋、Zn2＋对人SKOV3卵巢癌细胞侵袭和细胞转移的抑制作用随药物浓度增加而增强,呈剂量依赖性。细胞侵袭抑制率：Ca2＋范围为24.9%~63.2%,Zn2＋范围为66.1%~87.8%;细胞转移抑制率：Ca2＋范围为22.5%~55.6%,Zn2＋范围为73.1%~91.7%。各Ca2＋、Zn2＋浓度组人SKOV3卵巢癌细胞侵袭率和细胞转移率与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。结论人SKOV3卵巢癌细胞株细胞受到体外二价阳离子浓度的影响,提示配制适当的二价阳离子溶液进行术中冲洗可能会减少卵巢癌细胞的种植和转移。     

垂体后叶素治疗剖宫产术中胎盘源性难治性产后出血的疗效

目的探讨垂体后叶素治疗剖宫产术中胎盘源性难治性产后出血的临床疗效。方法将43例胎盘源性难治性产后出血患者按随机数字表法分为2组：研究组20例和对照组23例。对照组患者均采用嚼服米索前列醇片、按摩子宫、宫内肌内注射卡前列素、传统的子宫动脉结扎及宫腔内填塞纱条治疗。研究组在对照组治疗的基础上加用胎盘剥离面局部多点注射垂体后叶素治疗。观察2组患者平均手术时间、术中和术后2 h出血量、总出血量及临床疗效等情况。结果研究组、对照组平均手术时间分别为（62.80±10.38）min和（91.57±21.11）min,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。研究组术中、术后2 h出血量、总出血量均少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）。研究组有效20例（100.0%）,对照组有效21例（91.3%）,2组有效率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论垂体后叶素治疗胎盘源性难治性产后出血能明显减少产后出血量,缩短手术时间,降低了子宫切除率。     

盐酸贝那普利、双嘧达莫联合黄葵胶囊治疗IgA肾病21例疗效观察

目的观察盐酸贝那普利、双嘧达莫联合黄葵胶囊治疗IgA肾病的临床疗效。方法将42例IgA肾病患者按随机数字表法分为2组：对照组和治疗组,每组21例。对照组采用盐酸贝那普利、双嘧达莫治疗。在此基础上,治疗组加用黄葵胶囊治疗。观察2组患者治疗前、治疗12周后24 h尿蛋白定量、尿视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP）、尿β2微球蛋白（β2-MG）及血肌酐水平的变化等情况。结果治疗组患者治疗12周后24 h尿蛋白定量、尿RBP及尿β2-MG水平与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）,治疗组患者治疗12周后血肌酐水平与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,2组患者治疗12周后血肌酐水平与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。结论盐酸贝那普利、双嘧达莫联合黄葵胶囊治疗IgA肾病能显著地降低尿蛋白排泄量,改善肾小管功能。     

叶酸对高血糖孕鼠胎鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的建立妊娠期糖尿病大鼠模型,孕期予以叶酸干预,观察叶酸对胎鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法将30只SD孕鼠随机分为3组：DM组（妊娠期高血糖模型组）、DM＋FA组（妊娠期高血糖模型＋叶酸干预组）、正常对照组（正常妊娠组）,每组各10只。于妊娠第6天,DM组与DM＋FA组大鼠一次性腹腔注射新配制1%链脲佐菌素（STZ）50 mg.kg-1,正常对照组予等量的柠檬酸纳-柠檬酸缓冲液。从妊娠第7天开始DM组、DM＋FA组和正常对照组分别予等容量蒸馏水、叶酸（FA）1.2 mg.kg-1和等容量蒸馏水灌胃,直至妊娠结束。3组孕鼠均于妊娠第21日剖宫取胎,观察活胎数及死胎数,称量胎鼠体重,取胎鼠心脏制作标本。胎鼠心脏标本HE染色后光镜下观察组织结构的变化并计算病变积分,采用免疫组织化学法检测各组胎鼠心肌组织caspase-3蛋白表达,采用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的地高辛标记的dUTP缺口末端标记法（TUNEL法）检测各组胎鼠心肌细胞凋亡。结果①STZ干预前3组孕鼠血糖比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,STZ干预后孕鼠血糖DM组、DM＋FA组与正常对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,DM组与DM＋FA组相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。②死胎率DM组、DM＋FA组均显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）,但DM＋FA组较DM组显著降低（P〈0.01）。胎鼠体质量：DM组和DM＋FA组均显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）,DM组和DM＋FA组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。③光镜下胎鼠心肌组织病变积分、胎鼠心肌组织中caspase-3蛋白阳性表达的平均光密度值及胎鼠心肌细胞凋亡率DM组、DM＋FA组均显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）;但DM＋FA组较DM组显著降低（P〈0.01）。结论孕鼠妊娠期高血糖可引起胎鼠心肌细胞凋亡以及凋亡相关蛋白表达增多的改变,妊娠期补充叶酸对母鼠高血糖所导致的胎鼠心肌细胞凋亡有保护作用。     

血清胱抑素C对2型糖尿病早期肾损伤的诊断价值

目的探讨血清胱抑素C（Cys-C）对2型糖尿病早期肾损伤的诊断价值。方法将120例2型糖尿病患者按24h尿微量白蛋白排泄率（UAER）分为3组：单纯性糖尿病组（DM组,UAER〈30mg·24h^-1）、糖尿病肾病早期组（DN 1组,UAER 30-300mg·24h^-1）和糖尿病肾病中晚期组（DN 2组,UAER〉300mg·24h^-1）,每组40例。选择体检的健康体检者（对照组）40例。使用全自动生化分析仪、采用胶乳增强免疫透射比浊法检测4组血清Cys-C水平,使用全自动生化分析仪、采用速率法检测血清肌酐（Scr）水平,使用全自动生化分析仪、采用尿素酶法检测血清尿素氮（BUN）水平;使用全自动生化分析仪、采用免疫透射比浊法检测尿微量白蛋白（mALB）水平,并计算24h尿UAER,同时进行相关性分析。结果与对照组比较,DN 1组、DN 2组血清Cys-C、尿UAER和DN 2组血清BUN、Scr水平均显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,DN 2组血清Cys-C、尿UAER和血清BUN、Scr水平均显著高于DN 1组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。DM组、DN 1组和DN 2组血清Cys-C、尿UAER和DN 1组、DN 2组血清BUN及DN 2组血清Scr阳性率与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）,DN 1组、DN 2组血清BUN和DN 2组血清Scr阳性率与DM组比较差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）,DN 2组血清Scr、Cys-C、尿UREA和血清BUN阳性率与DN 1组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。相关性分析结果显示,120例患者血清Cys-C水平与尿UAER和血清BUN、Scr水平均呈正相关（r=0.882、0.582和0.655,均P〈0.01）。结论Cys-C可以作为糖尿病肾病早期的观察指标,具有一定的早期诊断价值,可以弥补单纯微量白蛋白检测引起的漏诊。     

细菌溶解产物佐治儿童反复呼吸道感染的疗效观察

目的探讨细菌溶解产物（泛福舒）佐治儿童反复呼吸道感染的疗效。方法将61例反复呼吸道感染的患儿按随机数字表法分成2组,治疗组31例,对照组30例。2组在常规用药的基础上,治疗组加用泛福舒辅助治疗,观察2组患儿1年内呼吸道感染的次数及血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM水平的变化。结果 2组总有效率比较治疗组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;治疗组年呼吸道感染次数与对照组比较明显减少（P〈0.01）,治疗前2组血清免疫球蛋白含量比较统计学意义（均P〉0.05）,治疗后3个月治疗组血清免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG含量均明显高于对照组（均P〈0.01）,而治疗后3个月2组血清免疫球蛋白IgM含量比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论泛福舒可提高血清免疫球蛋白IgGI、gA水平,增强机体免疫功能,对治疗反复呼吸道感染的疗效确切,服用方便,无不良反应。     

高龄老年人血清促甲状腺激素水平的变化及相关因素分析

目的 探讨高龄老年人血清促甲状腺激素（TSH）的变化及相关因素分析.方法 将117例研究对象按年龄分为3组：研究组（n=41）年龄≥80岁,对照组1（n=34）年龄65～79岁;对照组2（n=42）年龄18～64岁.均进行血清TSH,游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPOAb）的检测.结果研究组TSH水平高于对照组1、对照组2（P〈0.05）,FT3低于对照组1与对照组2（P〈0.05）,FT4低于对照组2（P〈0.05）而与对照组1差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.对照组1与对照组2间各指标差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.血清TSH水平随年龄增加而逐渐升高,二者呈正相关（r=0.53,P〈0.001）.研究组、对照组1、对照组2（TPOAb阳性率分别为24.4%、14.7%、16.7%,3组间差异无统计学意义.结论 80岁以上高龄老年人TSH水平升高,与年龄有关,与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病引起的甲状腺功能减退无关.对于血清TSH水平轻微升高的高龄老年人建议不要常规使用甲状腺激素治疗.     

手足口病患儿血清细胞因子的检测及其临床意义

目的探讨手足口病患儿血清细胞因子[白细胞介素6（interleukin-6,IL-6）、白细胞介素8（interleukin-8,IL-8）、白细胞介素10（interleukin-10,IL-10）、白细胞介素13（interleukin-13,IL-13）及肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necro-sis factorα-,TNF-α）]水平的变化及其临床意义。方法手足口病患儿（病例组）120例,其中普通患儿（普通组）74例,重症患儿（重症组）46例;健康体检儿童（对照组）70例。使用化学发光分析仪、采用化学发光法检测各组血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-13及TNFα-的水平。结果病例组血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平均显著高于对照组（均P〈0.01）,而血清IL-10、IL-13水平与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。重症组血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平均显著高于普通组（均P〈0.05）,而血清IL-10、IL-13水平均显著低于普通组（均P〈0.01）;普通组血清IL-10、IL-13均显著高于对照组（均P〈0.05）,重症组血清IL-10、IL-13均显著低于对照组（均P〈0.01）。结论炎症因子IL-6、IL-8、TNFα-的升高、而抗炎因子IL-10、IL-13的降低是病情严重的标志之一。细胞因子可作为监测疾病的进展、判断疾病的预后、指导干预时机的重要指标。     

Use of human nails as bio-indicators of heavy metals environmental exposure among school age children in Kenya

Metal pollution and its health effects present a challenge currently facing the developing countries. Metal poisoning is usually difficult and expensive to assess or screen in these countries due to limited resources, which means that policies, guidelines, regulations and institutional managements are limited. Hair and nail as biopsy materials were suggested as more attractive biomarkers in assessing heavy metals environmental exposure. This paper deals with quantitative determination of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) in fingernails of children (n=200) in urban and rural areas using atomic absorption spectrometry. Factors that were suspected to influence the accumulation of Pb and Cd in children were obtained through a questionnaire. The mean levels of heavy metals in children in urban areas were found to be higher (27.5+/-1.8 microg/g Pb and 0.73+/-0.08 microg/g Cd) than in rural areas (19.7+/-0.9 microg/g Pb and 0.44+/-0.06 microg/g Cd). The difference was significant (P<0.05; DF=168, t-test). Other factors that were found to have significant influence were socio-economic background, health conditions, dietary habits and environmental risk exposure. The results also showed that the school location has more influence on the heavy metals level than the area of residence. The children in a school near the highway were found to have a mean of 34.4+/-3.5 microg/g Pb as compared to those who lived near the highway (31.6+/-2.8 microg/g Pb), however the difference was not significant (P>0.05), suggesting a common source of contaminants in the areas. The correlation results also indicated that a high level of Pb in the nail influenced negatively Zn and Fe but not Ca levels (R=-0.256 Zn; -0.188 Fe) while high levels of Cd had a negative relationship with Fe only (R=-0.241). The association of toxic metals in the nails of children with environmental exposure, and nutritional status implies that policies and actions to reduce heavy metal levels must be implemented and reinforced to address the health issues affecting children and by extension the general public in this country.     

Blood lead and its effect on Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe and hemoglobin levels of children

The levels of heavy metals, such as Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Fe, in whole blood samples of Mumbai and Hyderabad children have been determined. In the present study, 576 blood samples of children (3-6 years old) were collected during 1996-1998 and analyzed for heavy metal contents by anodic stripping voltammetry and atomic absorption spectrometry. The geometric mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in blood of Mumbai children were 8.0, 0.10, 86.5 and 398.9 microg dl(-1), while those for Hyderabad children were 13.3, 0.13, 100.6 and 483.4 microg dl(-1) respectively. The geometric mean concentrations of Fe in the blood of Mumbai and Hyderabad children were 21.9 and 34.5 mg dl(-1), respectively. Of the Mumbai children, 61.8% were found to have a blood lead concentration lcss than 10 microg dl(-1), while the corresponding proportion of Hyderabad children was 27.4%. Higher concentrations of Pb in the children's blood were observed at high traffic areas in both cities. A decreasing trend in the hemoglobin content with increasing blood lead levels was observed for Mumbai children. A good negative correlation (-0.61) between the blood lead and iron has been observed for Mumbai children The hemoglobin content of 85% of the study population was found to vary between 8 and 14 g%.     

Studies of blood lead levels in children by proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE)

Blood lead levels of children admitted to Sion Hospital, Bombay (India), from the adjoining Dharavi slum areas have been determined by proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Blood samples were collected from 36 children with suspected lead poisoning and from 20 control children. The analysis showed that the lead concentration of the patients varied from 0.1 to 6.0 micrograms ml-1. In addition to lead, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Br and Rb were also detected simultaneously, of which the concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb and Pb were determined. The high blood lead levels of the children from this area may be ascribed to environmental pollution due to heavy vehicular traffic and industrial sources.     

Blood levels of cadmium,copper, lead and zinc in children in a British Columbia community

The levels of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were measured in duplicate whole blood samples of 946 apparently normal children ranging in age from 2 years to 12 years and living in Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada. The metals were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry: graphite furnace AAS for Cd and Pb, and flame AAS for Cu and Zn. The median and extreme values expressed as milligram of metal per litre of whole blood for the total population were: Cd ? 0.0005, Cu 1.11 (0.69–1.78), Pb 0.112 (0.020–0.400), and Zn 4.30 (2.10–6.53). No significant variations were noted in the median metal values either with age or with sex. The median Cu, Pb and Zn values were within the normal range.     

CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞表达水平对Th1/Th2类细胞免疫平衡的作用及与HBV宫内感染的相关性

目的探讨孕妇外周血及新生儿脐血中CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞（CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg）表达水平对Th1/Th2类细胞免疫平衡的作用及与HBV宫内感染的相关性。方法选择HBsAg阳性但肝功能正常的单胎足月妊娠未临产孕妇101例及其新生儿101例,根据脐血的检验结果将8例发生HBV宫内感染的新生儿及其母亲纳入研究组（n=16）,将93例未发生HBV宫内感染的新生儿及其母亲纳入对照组（n=186）。采用流式细胞仪检测CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg和ELISA法检测各组干扰素-r（IFN-γ）及白介素-4（IL-4）水平。结果研究组中孕妇外周血和新生儿脐血的IFN-γ及IFN-γ/IL-4均明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）;且IL-4及CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg占CD4^＋淋巴细胞百分比都明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。研究组和对照组中孕妇外周血及新生儿脐血的CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg与IFN-γ、IFN-γ/IL-4呈负相关（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,与IL-4呈正相关（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）。结论 HBV宫内感染时,孕妇和新生儿Th1型特异性反应降低而Th2型特异性反应增强,Th1/Th2间的细胞免疫失衡可能是促使HBV宫内感染的机制之一。HBV宫内感染与孕妇外周血和新生儿脐血中CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg的分泌水平升高有关,CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg水平的升高可能是发生HBV宫内感染的高危因素之一。     

Sex- and age-related variation in elemental concentrations of contemporary Japanese ribs

Twenty elements (Al, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, Ti, V, Zn, C and N) in 42 Japanese ribs (forensic medical autopsy cases) were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and carbon and nitrogen analysis to examine sex- and age-related variation in the concentrations of these elements. Bone Fe and Pb concentrations were significantly higher, while P concentrations were lower in males. Elements which showed age-related variation were Ca, P, Al, Fe, Mg, Na, Pb and Zn. Of these, Al, Fe, Pb and Zn linearly accumulate in bone with advancing age. The elements Na and Mg showed the lowest and highest concentrations in the youngest age group (0-19 years), respectively, and reached plateau levels in older age groups. The Ca and P concentrations were highest in the 20-39-year age group, gradually decreasing throughout older age groups, indicating that osteoporotic bone loss occurs in the older subjects. In addition, the results of correlation analysis indicated that the organic matter content of the bone, represented by C or N concentration, was a factor which contributed to the elemental variation of the bone.     

老年单纯收缩期高血压患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和脉压的关系

目的探讨老年单纯收缩期高血压患者（isolated systolic hypertension,ISH）外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和脉压（pulse pressure,PP）的关系。方法选取70例老年ISH患者（ISH组）及32例健康老年人（对照组）为研究对象,其中ISH组按PP水平分为PP〈60mmHg（1mmHg=0.133kPa）组（n=33）和PP≥60mmHg组（n=37）。比较对照组与ISH组、PP〈60mmHg组和PP≥60mmHg组患者的CD3、CD4^＋、CD8^＋T细胞百分率和CD4^＋/CD8^＋比值;分析ISH组PP≥60mmHg组T淋巴细胞亚群与PP水平的关系。结果与对照组比较,ISH组CD3、CD4^＋、CD8^＋百分率降低、CD4^＋/CD8^＋比值增高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。与PP〈60mmHg组比较,PP≥60mmHg组CD8^＋T细胞百分率降低、CD4^＋/CD8^＋比值增高（均P〈0.05）;2组CD3、CD4^＋百分率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。CD8^＋细胞水平与PP水平呈正相关（r2=0.508,P〈0.05）,CD4^＋/CD8^＋比值与PP水平呈负相关（r2=-0.443,P〈0.05）。结论老年ISH患者PP增大与免疫功能受损有关,PP及免疫功能紊乱是老年ISH患者动脉粥样硬化过程中的重要影响因子。     

The influence of subcutaneously administered lead(II) acetate on the concentrations of copper, iron, and zinc in the blood, kidney, liver, and spleen of rats

The concentrations of copper, iron, lead, and zinc in the blood, kidney, liver and spleen were determined before and after subcutaneous administration of lead(II) acetate (100 mg Pb kg-1 body weight) to male albino Wistar rats. The control rats had the following concentrations (microgram g-1 dry weight) of Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn: blood, 4.5, 3200, 2.1, 182; kidney, 36, 585, 120, 92; liver, 11.1, 720, 14.3, 124; spleen, 4.5, 420, 7.0, 76. After administration of lead, rats were sacrificed after 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The Pb concentration in the blood remained constant for the first 24 h at the level of the control group (2.1 micrograms g-1) and had decreased to half that level at 96 h. The lead concentrations peaked in the organs at 110-142% of those in the control group and had decreased at 96 h to levels considerably below those in the control group. The concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn increased in the three organs to values 117-161% found for the control group. At 96 h the concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn in the spleen had returned to levels of the control group; the concentrations in the liver were 112-153%, and in the blood 89-93% of those of the control group. In the kidney the iron (110%) and the zinc (126%) concentrations at 96 h were higher than the control values, whereas the copper concentration was the same as the control value. The concentrations in the blood were least affected. The most drastic changes were observed in the liver.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

右美托咪定对乳腺癌根治术患者T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞的影响

目的探讨右美托咪定对乳腺癌根治术患者T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞的影响。方法选择ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级择期全身麻醉下行乳腺癌根治术患者60例,随机分为右美托咪定组（D组）和对照组（C组）,每组30例。D组于麻醉诱导前15min经静脉输注右美托咪定1.0μg·kg-1,继而以0.5μg·kg-1·h-1的速率维持至术毕,C组给予等容量生理盐水。分别于麻醉诱导前（T0）、手术开始后2h,术后6、24h及3、7d（T1-T5）6个时点采集静脉血样,采用流式细胞仪检测T淋巴细胞亚群（CD＋3、CD＋4、CD＋8）及NK细胞浓度,并计算CD＋4/CD＋8比值。结果与C组比较,D组T1-T3时CD＋3、CD＋4、NK细胞浓度及CD＋4/CD＋8比值升高（P〈0.05）,CD＋8水平各时点比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;与T0时比较,T1-T4时2组患者CD＋3、CD＋4、NK细胞浓度及CD＋4/CD＋8比值降低（P〈0.05）,T5时差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论右美托咪定对乳腺癌根治术患者T淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞具有保护作用,可减轻围术期细胞免疫功能抑制。