单片机控制的电阻电容在线测试仪

本文介绍单片机控制电阻电容在线测试仪的工作原理、设计思想及其硬件和软件。提出了电容在线测试的一种实用方法——高频近似法;并对电阻在线测试进行改进。使用这种智能在线测试仪,既提高了测试速度,又保持了印刷板和元件完美无损。它是对传统测试方法的一次重大变革。     

基于LabVIEW的PC机与单片机的串行通信研究

本文介绍了PC机与基于51单片机的断路器选相合闸的串行通信程序。给出了具体的实现方法及接口电路。程序已在现场调试通过,运行良好。     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples, in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size, color, texture, and roundness of an apple. The developed machine learning method uses the ability of learning representative features by means of a convolutional neural network (CNN), to determine suitable features of apples for the grading process. This information is fed into a one-to-one classifier that uses a support vector machine (SVM), instead of the softmax output layer of the CNN. In this manner, Yantai apples with similar shapes and low discrimination are graded using four different approaches. The fusion model using both CNN and SVM classifiers is much more accurate than the simple k-nearest neighbor (KNN), SVM, and CNN model when used separately for grading, and the learning ability and the generalization ability of the model is correspondingly increased by the combined method. Grading tests are carried out using the automated grading device that is developed in the present work. It is verified that the actual effect of apple grading using the combined CNN-SVM model is fast and accurate, which greatly reduces the manpower and labor costs of manual grading, and has important commercial prospects.     

基于单片机的双积分型A／D电路设计

介绍了一种基于单片机的低成本双积分型A／D转换电路,在设计上采用AT89C51单片机作控制器,运放LM324和多路开关一起组成双积分型模数转换电路。该双积分A／D转换电路具有转换精度高,廉价,抗干扰能力强等优点,在速度要求不高的实际工程中可以广泛使用。文中从硬件电路和软件两个方面阐述了系统的组成与功能。     

8051单片机系统的自检容错设计

从单片机应用系统的可靠性的角度出发,利用8051单片机的存储体系结构的特点,给出了一种简单的自检容错设计方法。     

基于PIC单片机的舵机控制系统设计

以高性能无人机舵机伺服控制系统的研制为背景,介绍了一种基于PIC单片机的高精度伺服控制系统.以PIC单片机为控制芯片产生PWM信号,控制功率驱动电路,驱动直流电动机,实现伺服控制系统.软件采用位置、速度和电流三闭环控制算法,利用模糊控制算法对位置环的PID参数进行实时调整,同时在速度环与电流环中使用积分分离的PI控制算法.实验结果表明,系统具有强抗干扰、响应速度快、可靠性高等特点.     

基于AT89C2051单片机压力传感与检测系统

文章介绍基于AT89C2051精简结构单片机的压力传感与检测系统，以及配套PWM隔离式稳压电源的设计。压力传感器的前置放大器采用斩波稳零运算放大器，信号量化由集成V／F变换器结合单片机计数器的测频功能来实现，在模拟电路与单片机系统间各有光耦隔离器，充分体现了简洁、可靠、高精度和低成本的特点。     

Use of Fuzzy Neural Network in Industrial Sorting of Apples

In this paper, an automated system and methodology for nondestructive sorting of apples are presented. Different from the traditional manual grading method, the automated, nondestructive sorting equipment can improve the production efficiency and the grading speed and accuracy. Most popular apple quality detection and grading methods use two-dimensional (2D) machine vision detection based on a single charge-coupled device (CCD) camera detect the external quality. Our system integrates a 3D structured laser into an existing 2D sorting system, which provides the addition third dimension to detect the defects in apples by using the curvature of the structured light strips that are acquired from the optical system of the machine. The curvature of the structured light strip will show the defects in the apple surface. Other features such as color, texture, shape, size and 3D information all play key roles in determining the grade of an apple, which can be determined using a series of feature extraction methods. After feature extraction, a method based on principal component analysis (PCA) for data dimensionality reduction is applied to the system. Furthermore, a comprehensive classification method based on fuzzy neural network (FNN), which is a combination of knowledge-based and model-based method, is used in this paper as the classifier. Preliminary experiments are conducted to verity the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed sorting system.     

一种单片机控制的高频SPWM变频器的研究

本文介绍了一种用于交流电动机调速的SPWM变频器,配合高频电动机可使转速达到每分钟十几万转。变频器控制电路采用PWM-IC-SLE4520专用芯片与8031单片机联合控制的结构。变频器的主电路使用了具有极高开关速度的功率MOSFET,从而可使变频器的逆变调制频率提高到20kHz,其输出正弦频率范围则相应扩大到0～2.6kHz。     

基于单片机点阵图形液晶显示器应用

针对GXM—12864液晶显示器没有内部字符发生器的特点，介绍建立相应小汉字库和西文字符库的方法，并给出了8031单片机与GXM—12864之间的接口电路。文中提及的硬件电路和软件设计通用性较强，具有更一般的实际意义。     

基于单片机控制的楼宇对讲系统的设计

采用MCS51系列单片机89C51为核心,外围配以存储器、电压比较器、键盘及LED显示器,设计出一种可编程、高性能的楼宇对讲系统,可完成键盘处理、对讲、电控开锁等功能的控制,重点解决了应用中需要每户一个可修改的开锁密码的实际问题.     

基于AT89C52单片机的步进电机控制系统设计

提出了一个由AT89C52单片机控制步进电机的实例。可以通过键盘输入相关数据,并根据需要,实时对步进电机工作方式进行设置,具有实时性和交互性的特点。该系统可应用于步进电机控制的大多数场合。实践表明,系统性能优于传统的步进电机控制器。     

基于51单片机的路灯照明系统定时器的设计

文章根据城市道路照明用电负荷的主要特点,提出了基于51单片机路灯半夜灯定时控制系统的节能方案,以达到减轻路灯负荷,延长灯泡寿命,节约电能,更好地实现城市的可持续发展。文章着重介绍了定时器的设计方法、电路构成以及主要技术参数。     

基于MCS-51单片机的家庭安防电话委托系统的设计

本文介绍了一种以MCS-51单片机为微控制器的家庭安防电话委托系统，给出了系统的原理图，单机与语音芯片的硬件连接图以及系统部分软件流程图。     

基于单片机的智能无功补偿仪的设计

介绍一种基于单片机的智能型无功补偿系统。本文介绍了整个系统及其硬件和软件的设计方法。     

基于单片机与SA828的逆变器设计

设计了以单片机和SA828为控制器的SPWM逆变器。阐述了由主电路、驱动电路、保护电路和控制电路组成的硬件系统,并给出了软件设计。实验结果表明,该设计方案是可行、有效的。     

基于单片机S型剩余电流动作继电器的设计

设计的继电器采用单片机控制A/D转换,完成剩余电流数据的采集,根据剩余电流的数值决定继电器的动作状态,并能区分不同的延时动作时间,实现可靠的保护功能。该功能的实现均在软件中完成,简化了硬件电路,对于比较参数以及延时时间的调整能方便地实现,适用于不同的应用场合。     

基于ARM单片机的异步电动机远程监测系统的设计

为了降低异步电动机监测系统成本和不增加电机转子的转动惯量,结合异步电动机动态速度估算、电磁转矩方程和可编程低通滤波器观测磁链,实现了无速度、无扭矩传感器的异步电动机转速和转矩的估算。系统的硬件设计采用性价比非常高的ARM单片机,12位串行A/D,以及通用电流电压传感器,大大提高了监测系统的性价比。为了实现监测系统与远程计算机之间的通信,该监测系统还设置了MC35I无线通信模块。试验结果验证了该异步电动机转矩和转速估算的有效性。     

基于ARM单片机的异步电动机远程监测系统的设计

为了降低异步电动机监测系统成本和不增加电机转子的转动惯量，结合异步电动机动态速度估算、电磁转矩方程和可编程低通滤波器观测磁链，实现了无速度、无扭矩传感器的异步电动机转速和转矩的估算。系统的硬件设计采用性价比非常高的ARM单片机，12位串行A／D，以及通用电流电压传感器，大大提高了监测系统的性价比。为了实现监测系统与远程计算机之间的通信，该监测系统还设置了MC35I无线通信模块。试验结果验证了该异步电动机转矩和转速估算的有效性。     

Based on STM32 of CNN Speech Keyword Command Recognition System

Speech recognition is a hot topic in the field of artificial intelligence. Generally, speech recognition models can only run on large servers or dedicated chips. This paper presents a keyword speech recognition system based on a neural network and a conventional STM32 chip. To address the limited Flash and ROM resources on the STM32 MCU chip, the deployment of the speech recognition model is optimized to meet the requirements of keyword recognition. Firstly, the audio information obtained through sensors is subjected to MFCC (Mel Fre-quency Cepstral Coefficient) feature extraction, and the extracted MFCC features are input into a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) for deep feature extraction. Then, the features are input into a fully connected layer, and finally, the speech keyword is classified and predicted. Deploying the model to the STM32F429, the prediction model achieves an accuracy of 90.58%, a decrease of less than 1% compared to the accuracy of 91.49% running on a computer, with good performance.