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1.
提出了一种新型的利用近红外荧光量子点作为载体的防伪方法,并进行了相关基础研究,应对了产品市场对防伪技术不断革新的需要;设计了微弱荧光光谱测试系统,系统研究了双波长荧光量子点防伪识别技术,得出双波长荧光光谱识别的基本方法,将近红外荧光量子点的荧光强度之间的差异作为识别的依据,设计出相应的编码方法即可以对信息进行加密;测试结果表明该方法切实可行;研究结果对近红外荧光量子点的防伪识别有重要的指导意义,为防伪技术打开了更广阔的发展空间。  相似文献   

2.
采用超高真空化学气相沉积( UHV/CVD)技术在Si衬底上外延生长了PIN结构多层Ge量子点探测器材料。 PIN探测器结构由N型Si衬底,多层Ge量子点吸收区,和原位掺杂P型Si盖层构成,电极分别制作于N-Si和P-Si上,以获得好的欧姆接触。制备的Si基Ge量子点光电探测器具有较低的暗电流密度(-1 V偏压下为7.35×10-6 A/cm2),与Si相比,探测波长延伸到1.31μm波段。  相似文献   

3.
本文主要回顾了石墨烯量子点的制备以及基于石墨烯量子点自旋和电荷量子比特操作的研究进展,由于石墨烯材料相对较轻的原子重量使其具有较小的自旋轨道相互作用,另外含有核自旋的碳同位素13C在自然界中的含量大约只占1%,这使得超精细相互作用(即核自旋和电子自旋相互作用)较弱,所以石墨烯比其他材料具有较长的自旋退相干时间,在量子计算和量子信息中有非常好的应用前景.本文计算了5种静电约束制备的石墨烯量子点:1)扶手型单层石墨烯纳米条带,2)单层石墨烯圆盘,3)双层石墨烯圆盘,4)ABC堆积型三层石墨烯圆盘,5)ABA堆积型三层石墨烯圆盘.石墨烯量子点中自旋比特应用的关键是破坏谷简并,在1)中,主要是利用边界条件破坏谷简并,而2)–5)中是利用外磁场破坏谷简并.文章进一步介绍了自旋轨道相互作用和超精细相互作用对石墨烯量子点中自旋操作的影响.  相似文献   

4.
量子点荧光标记技术在生物医学领域的应用   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
量子点作为一种新型的纳米荧光材料在生物学领域的应用已引起国际上的普遍关注,量子点独特的荧光性能使其在这一领域的应用有着无可比拟的优越性.该文主要就量子点的荧光性能,基于量子点标记的生物荧光探针的制备及其在生物医学领域中的应用研究进展作一概述.  相似文献   

5.
介绍了荧光和磷光纳米材料的种类,如无机半导体量子点,金属离子掺杂的半导体量子点,金属纳米粒子或纳米簇,硅点,碳点和石墨烯点等。接着阐述了这些纳米材料的光致发光的光物理机制和猝灭或增强的一般性原理。最后简要综述了量子点或纳米材料发光的猝灭或增强现象在化学传感中的应用和具体的响应机理。  相似文献   

6.
7.
碳量子点作为一种新型的碳纳米荧光材料,由于其具有生物相容性好等优点而备受关注。该文以乙二胺为原料,通过电化学方法,制备了一种含氮碳量子点。该含氮碳量子点,同时具有单光子和双光子荧光响应特性,且耐光漂白和pH稳定。利用Cu2+对所制备的含氮碳量子的荧光淬灭特性于离子检测的试验表明,该含氮碳量子点可用于微量Cu2+的定量分析。  相似文献   

8.
基于荧光共振能量转移效应构建银纳米粒子(AgNPs)/碳量子点(CQDs)荧光传感器,用于氨苄青霉素(AMP)的快速检测.实验结果表明:CQDs将能量转移给AgNPs,导致CQDs荧光猝灭,而加入氨苄青霉素使CQDs荧光得到恢复.在优化实验条件下,体系荧光恢复值与氨苄青霉素浓度在4.0~48.0μg/mL范围内呈良好的...  相似文献   

9.
设计了一种基于乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)蚀刻的“关-开”模式的CdTe/CdS核壳量子点(QDs)的荧光传感器,具有高灵敏,高选择性,快速检测水环境中痕量Cd2+的优点,EDTA通过在 CdTe/CdS QDs表面进行化学蚀刻,使CdTe/CdS QDs表面的Cd2+流失而和EDTA络合,在QDs表面形成空穴,得到特定的Cd2+识别位点,从而导致荧光猝灭,Cd2+的引入可以选择性的识别这些位点,使得EDTA-QDs体系的荧光恢复。在优化的工作条件下,该荧光传感器的线性响应范围为10μg/L~ 200μg/L和300μg/L~1000μg/L,实现了Cd2+在较大范围的测定要求,线性相关系数分别为0.997、0.985,检出限为0.22μg/L(0.002μmol/L),达到了国家二类水质标准(GB/T 14848-93)对Cd2+的检出限要求。此外,该荧光传感器对其他干扰离子的选择性优于1%,在实际水样检测中具有良好的实用性。  相似文献   

10.
量子密码术是一种新的重要加密方法,它利用单光子的量子性质,借助量子密钥分配协议可实现数据传输的可证性安全.量子密码具有无条件安全的特性(即不存在受拥有足够时间和计算机能力的窃听者攻击的危险),而在实际通信发生之前,不需要交换私钥.本文综述了量子密码学的研究进展,其中包括了量子密码学的物理基础、量子密钥分配、保密增强、量子密钥的实用性以及目前技术限制所存在的缺陷.  相似文献   

11.
Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots, QDs), such as CdSe-ZnS core-shell, are highly luminescent and stable inorganic fluorophores that represent a promising alternative to organic dyes for a variety of biotechnological applications. They show size-tunable narrow photoluminescence spectra spanning nearly the full visible region of the optical spectrum for QDs with CdSe cores. We have developed several approaches to conjugate either one type or a combination of biologically distinct proteins to CdSe-ZnS core-shell QDs rendered water-soluble by surface ligation with dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) groups. QD-protein conjugates prepared using these approaches were found to exhibit high specificity and stability in immunoassays and in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays as well as in prototype QD bioconjugate sensors. Tunable QD emission over a wide range of wavelengths permitted effective tuning of the degree of energy overlap between the QD donor and an acceptor dye, allowing control over the rate of FRET. Additionally, we have used these QD-bioconjugates in live cell labeling. These hybrid bioinorganic conjugates represent a promising tool for use in many biotechnological applications.  相似文献   

12.
    
Assuming that large color gamut and therefore better color reproducibility will be a highly desired feature of all displays as we look to the near future, we make the case in this paper that quantum dots (QDs) are currently the down‐conversion technology of choice that will allow liquid crystal display makers to cost‐effectively reach and exceed 100% of the NTSC (National Television Standard Committee) and Adobe RGB color standards while achieving maximum system efficiency. We will discuss in detail the numerous fundamental advantages of QDs over phosphors, along with their scientific origins, and make the case that QDs are the ultimate light generating material for next‐generation displays.  相似文献   

13.
14.
    
Cathodoluminescent imaging of the visible light emitted from quantum dots is reported. The shape and uniformity of individual particles is observed in the scanning transmission electron microscope image, and the image of the particles created from their visible light collected simultaneously is shown. Visible light images of the 13 nm sized particles are reported for clusters of particles. The emission spectrum collected from small clusters of quantum dots is also reported.  相似文献   

15.
    
Television broadcasts are moving to a digital video format based on ultra‐high‐definition (UHD). In addition to high resolution, such UHD displays require a wide color gamut. Quantum dots (QDs) have narrow and color‐tunable emission making these unique light sources for achieving a wide color gamut. Most progress in QDs has been made based on cadmium‐containing materials, as represented by CdSe. These systems have excellent performance in terms of their narrow‐band emission and high emission quantum yield; however, the toxicity of cadmium represents a barrier to practical applications of QD displays. Over the last decade, considerable efforts have been made to develop QDs that do not contain cadmium. Some established alternative materials include InP, CuInS2, and lead halide perovskites. In addition, ZnTe‐based alloy QDs have recently been proposed as promising green and red phosphors. Narrow‐band and green emission (30 nm of full‐width at half‐maximum at a wavelength of 535 nm) has also been reported for Zn (Te, Se) alloy QDs. In this review article, we give a brief overview of progress in established cadmium‐free QDs and describe the current status and future challenges of new cadmium‐free QDs, ZnTe‐based alloy QDs.  相似文献   

16.
One-dimensional photonic crystal made of nanocomposite of metallic nanoparticles and dielectric is investigated. Splitting of photonic band gap into polaritonic and structure band gap and their fusion are predicted. The different behavior of structure gap with variation of nanoparticle concentration is observed. This behavior is determined by relative arrangement of structure and polaritonic gaps in frequency scale. Considered effects give new possibilities for creating photonic crystals with predefined properties.  相似文献   

17.
新型纳米光电器件需要在纳米尺度实现对光学元件进行精确和可控的空间排列。DNA具有独特的碱基配对识别机制和双螺旋结构,以及制备简单,形状和尺寸均可程序化设计,并可精确定点修饰等优势,因此已经作为模板组装各类超分子广泛应用于纳米光电和纳米医学等领域。DNA组装的光子阵列是将一系列的发色官能团根据设计需要精确定位在DNA模板上,通过多步荧光共振能量转移,完成光子的传递过程。文章主要综述了近年来基于DNA组装的光子阵列取得的新进展,并对以后的发展进行展望。  相似文献   

18.
以乙酰丙酮镉和硬脂酸锌为前驱体,合成了巯基丙酸修饰的CdSe/ZnS核壳型量子点(QDs).并将其作为荧光探针,以金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)为目标细菌,建立了一种高灵敏的、简单快速的细菌计数新方法,并借助荧光显微镜成功的进行成像探测研究.通过考察量子点浓度、孵育时间等因素的影响,确定了细菌定量检测的最佳条件.在最优化的实验条件下,体系的相对荧光强度随细菌数量的增加而增大.该方法的线性范围为102CFU/mL~106CFU/mL,检测限为102CFU/mL,线性回归方程为Y=427.586X-677.022(R=0.99649).本方法有效克服了传统的细菌计数方法存在的缺陷,具有较高的灵  相似文献   

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