烧结工艺对SiC/Cu-Al复合材料的力学性能及断裂行为的影响

以Cu包裹SiC颗粒为增强体,分别采用真空热压烧结和常压氩气气氛保护烧结方式制备含5%(体积分数)SiC颗粒的SiC/Cu-Al复合材料.研究了不同烧结温度对样品密度、Vickers硬度和弯曲强度的影响.采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜对样品的晶相组成和结构进行了测定.结果表明:热压制品相对常压烧结制品的晶相组织均匀,晶粒细小.热压烧结可以大大提高SiC/Cu-A1复合材料的致密度,最高达到理论密度的99.9%.热压烧结的制品的硬度得到提高,550℃热压烧结的制品硬度最高可达到65MPa,575℃烧结时,其最大抗弯强度为190MPa,断裂机制主要是增强的颗粒断裂和基体撕裂.     

烧结工艺对SiC/Cu–Al复合材料的力学性能及断裂行为的影响

以Cu包裹SiC颗粒为增强体,分别采用真空热压烧结和常压氩气气氛保护烧结方式制备含5%(体积分数)SiC颗粒的SiC/Cu–Al复合材料。研究了不同烧结温度对样品密度、Vickers硬度和弯曲强度的影响。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜对样品的晶相组成和结构进行了测定。结果表明热压制品相对常压烧结制品的晶相组织均匀,晶粒细小。热压烧结可以大大提高SiC/Cu–Al复合材料的致密度,最高达到理论密度的99.9%。热压烧结的制品的硬度得到提高,550℃热压烧结的制品硬度最高可达到65MPa,575℃烧结时,其最大抗弯强度为190MPa,断裂机制主要是增强的颗粒断裂和基体撕裂。     

SiC组分含量对SiC/Cu复合材料力学性能的影响

采用真空热压法制备了不同配比的SiC/Cu金属陶瓷复合材料.利用阿基米德原理测定了复合材料的密度及气孔率;利用Instron万能材料电子试验机测得其三点弯曲强度;采用Hv-1000显微硬度仪测试其显微硬度,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对烧成样品的物相组成和断口显微形貌进行表征.结果表明:随着SiC组分含量的增加,SiC/Cu复合材料的致密度、抗弯强度均有所下降,而气孔率和显微硬度显著增加.在750 ℃,30 MPa压力作用下,保温3 min,制备得到的30SiC/70Cu(vol%)的复合材料,具有最优的力学性能,其显微硬度达到2087.2 MPa,抗弯强度为174.0 MPa.SiC/Cu复合材料的断裂行为既表现出一定的微观韧性特征,又表现出一定的脆性特征.     

纤维氧化处理对SiCsf/SiC复合材料力学性能的影响

以Y2O3、Al2O3为烧结助剂,采用无压烧结法制备短碳化硅纤维(2～4mm)增强碳化硅(ShortSiCfiberreinforcedSiCcomposite,SiCsf/SiC)复合材料,研究了纤维氧化处理对SiCsf/SiC复合材料结构及力学性能的影响。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及力学性能试验机对材料进行结构表征和力学性能测试。结果表明:纤维氧化处理后,复合材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性均有大幅提高。当纤维含量达到5wt%时,复合材料断裂韧性为5.41MPa.m1/2,与原始纤维增强SiC样品相比,提高了6.5%;与无纤维增强SiC样品相比,提高了27%。扫描电镜显示纤维氧化处理后,纤维与基体结合紧密。     

莫来石纤维含量对氧化铝基陶瓷复合材料性能的影响

本课题选用氧化铝粉和多晶莫来石纤维为主要原料,添加1wt%的TiO2和3wt%的CMS(CaO、MgO、SiO2混合物)助熔剂,用电磁振荡搅拌器混料与球磨机混料相结合的方式进行混料,采用单向加压方式成形,使用传统的无压烧结技术制备出了莫来石纤维增强增韧氧化铝陶瓷基复合材料,并对复合材料的性能进行测试.研究发现:复合材料的弯曲强度随纤维含量的增加先增大后降低,纤维含量为15wt%时,复合材料的弯曲强度最高,达504.52MPa,是普通氧化铝陶瓷的1.7倍;复合材料的断裂韧性随着纤维含量的增加先增加后降低,莫来石纤维含量为15wt%时,复合材料的断裂韧性最大达到4.46MPa·ml/2,是普通氧化铝陶瓷的1.6倍;复合材料的抗热震性能随纤维含量的增加而提高.当烧结温度为1450℃,纤维含量为15wt%时,MFTACC的综合性能较好.     

低压化学气相渗透法制备2.5维SiCf/SiC复合材料

采用低压化学气相渗透法制备了具有和不具有热解炭界面层的2.5维连续SiC纤维增强的SiC复合材料(SiCf/SiC).SiC纤维的体积分数为30%和41%.所制备复合材料的气孔率为20%左右.当纤维为30%时,沉积有0.1 μm热解炭界面层的复合材料的弯曲强度由未加热解炭界面层的232MPa增加到328MPa,而且材料由灾难性断裂转变为非灾难性断裂.在同一制备条件下,纤维体积分数为41%的SiCf/SiC比30%的SiCf/SiC具有更高的气孔率.纤维为41%时,热解炭界面层厚度为0.1 μm的SiCf/SiC的弯曲强度只有244MPa,但是它具有更高的韧性和更长的纤维拔出长度.     

热压烧结工艺制备SiC/B4C复合材料

以Si粉为烧结助剂,采用真空热压烧结工艺制备了SiC/B4C陶瓷基复合材料.研究了Si的加入和烧结压力对复合材料力学性能的影响.借助X射线衍射、扫描电镜分析了复合材料的物相组成和微观结构.研究结果表明:Si与B4C粉料中的游离碳反应,随后固溶到B4C晶体结构中.当Si质量百分含量为8%时,经18.50℃、60 MPa真空热压烧结的复合材料主晶相为B4.C、SiC,相对密度达到99.8%,断裂韧性和弯曲强度分别达到5.04 MPa·m1/2和354 MPa.复合材料力学性能的提高主要是由于烧结体的高致密度以及断裂方式的转变.     

Al2O3/TAI复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用热压烧结法制备A12O3/TiAl复合材料,研究了不同A12O3体积分数对A12O3/TiAl复合材料的相对密度、弯曲强度、断裂韧性以及耐磨性的影响.研究结果表明,掺入20%A12O3时,复合材料的相对密度达到最小,随着烧结温度的不断升高,A12O3/TiAl复合材料的相对密度不断增加.当A12O3含量为15%时,弯曲强度与断裂韧性达到最佳,其值分别为865.9Mpa和17.60MPam1/2.随A12O3体积分数的增加,A12O3/TiAl复合材料的摩擦系数不断增加,而磨损失重则呈先降低后增大的变化趋势,当A12O3含量为15%时,在不I司载荷作用下,材料的磨损失重均最小.     

热压条件对短切SiCf/LAS复合材料介电/力学性能的影响

采用热压烧结法制备出致密度超过90%的短切SiCf增强LAS玻璃陶瓷基复合材料,讨论了热压温度与压力对复合材料性能的影响。力学测试表明,当热压温度由1200℃上升到1280℃,复合材料断裂强度从124MPa下降到80MPa,断裂韧性从3.27MPa.m1/2下降到2.92MPa.m1/2;当热压压力由20MPa提高到34MPa,复合材料断裂强度从124MPa下降到86MPa,断裂韧性从3.27MPa.m1/2下降到3.00MPa.m1/2。断口形貌SEM观察结果表明,因纤维掺入过量,φ(SiCf)=36%,使纤维与基体结合较差;而过高的热压温度与压力会使界面反应加剧,破坏纤维强度及纤维与基体的结合。介电性能测试表明,在8～12GHz频率,复合材料复介电常数的实部ε′由基体的7.6增大到10～70,虚部ε″由基体的0.34增大到60～160,介电损耗tgδ由基体的0.04增大到2～20,并具有明显的频散效应。而且,随热压温度升高或者热压压力的增加,复合材料ε′增大,而ε″与tgδ减小。复合材料具有成为电损耗型宽带微波吸收材料的潜力。     

SiC/(W,Ti)C陶瓷喷嘴材料的制备及其性能

本文以SiC为基体,添加(W,Ti)C固溶体增韧相,采用热压烧结工艺制备出新型Sic/(w,Ti)C陶瓷复合材料.研究表明:SiC/(W,Ti)C陶瓷材料的性能与(W,Ti)C的含量、成烧温度、保温时间等密切相关.随(W,Ti)C含量的增加,材料的致密度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性增加,硬度减小;SiC/(W,Ti)C陶瓷复合材料的最佳性能参数为:抗弯强度631 MPa,维氏硬度25.944 GPa,断裂韧性4.38 MPa·m1/2.通过分析材料的显微结构和断口SEM照片,发现SiC/(W,Ti)C陶瓷材料的断裂机制为沿晶和穿晶断裂特征同时并存,即断裂方式为沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂相结合的混合断裂.     

Additive manufacturing of Csf/SiC composites with high fiber content by direct ink writing and liquid silicon infiltration

Direct ink writing (DIW) provides a new route to produce SiC-based composites with complex structure. In this study, we additive manufactured short carbon fiber reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composites (Csf/SiC composites) with different short carbon fiber content through direct ink writing combined with liquid silicon infiltration (LSI). The effects of short carbon fiber content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the DIW green parts and the final Csf/SiC composites were investigated. The results showed that the Csf content played an important role in maintaining the structure of the green parts. As the Csf content increases, the dimension deviation ratio of the sample decreased at all stages. With the Csf content of 40 vol%, the final Csf/SiC composite had low free Si content and high β-SiC content. The maximum density, tensile strength and bending strength of the Csf/SiC composites were 2.88 ± 0.06 g/cm³, 53.68 MPa and 253.63 MPa respectively. It is believed that this study can give some understanding for the additive manufacturing of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites.     

In situ reaction synthesis and characterization of Ti3Si(Al)C2/SiC composites

The reaction route, microstructure, and properties of Ti₃Si(Al)C₂/SiC composites with 5–30 vol.% SiC content prepared by in situ hot pressing/solid–liquid reaction synthesis process are investigated. In contrast to monolithic Ti₃Si(Al)C₂, the SiC particle-reinforced composites exhibit higher elastic modulus, Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, improved wear, and oxidation resistance, but have a slight loss in flexural strength. The improvement in the properties is mainly ascribed to the contribution of SiC particles, and the strength degradation is due to the residual tensile stresses in the matrix.     

Enhancing toughness and strength of SiC ceramics with reduced graphene oxide by HP sintering

In this paper, the silicon carbide-reduced graphene oxide (SiC/rGO) composites with different content of rGO are investigated. The hot pressing (HP) at 2100?°C for 60?min under a uniaxial pressure of 40?M?Pa resulted in a near fully-dense SiC/rGO composite. In addition, the influence of graphene reinforcement on the sintering process, microstructure, and mechanical properties (fracture toughness, bending strength, and Vickers hardness) of SiC/rGO composites is discussed. The fracture toughness of SiC/rGO composites (7.9MPam^1/2) was strongly enhanced by incorporating rGO into the SiC matrix, which was 97% higher than the solid-state sintering SiC ceramics (SSiC) by HP. Meanwhile, the bending strength of the composites reached 625?M?Pa, which was 17.3% higher than the reference materials (SSiC). The microstructure of the composites revealed that SiC grains were isolated by rGO platelets, which lead to the toughening of the composite through rGO pull out/debonding and crack bridging mechanisms.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of (TiB2 + SiC) Reinforced Ti3SiC2 Composites Synthesized by In Situ Hot Pressing

Fully dense (TiB₂ + SiC) reinforced Ti₃SiC₂ composites with 15 vol% TiB₂ and 0–15 vol% SiC were designed and synthesized by in situ reaction hot pressing. The increase in SiC content promoted densification and significantly inhibited the growth of Ti₃SiC₂ grains. The in situ incorporated TiB₂ and SiC reinforcements showed columnar and equiaxed grains, respectively, providing a strengthening–toughening effect by the synergistic action of particulate reinforcement, grain's pulling out, “self‐reinforcement,” crack deflection, and grain refining. A maximum bending strength of 881 MPa and a fracture toughness of 9.24 MPam^1/2 were obtained at 10 vol% SiC. The Vickers hardness of the composites increased monotonously from 9.6 to 12.5 GPa.     

Synthesis and Properties of MoSi2–MoB–SiC Ceramics

MoB and SiC particulate reinforced MoSi₂ matrix composites were synthesized in situ from Mo, Si, and B₄C powder mixtures by self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis (SHS). The SHS MoSi₂–MoB–SiC products were vacuum hot‐pressed (HPed) at 1400°C for 90 min to fabricate high‐density (> 97.5% relative density) bulk composites. Microstructure refinement and improvements in the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of the HPed composites were observed with increasing B₄C content in the reaction mixture. The HPed composite of composition MoSi₂–0.4MoB–0.1SiC exhibited grain size of 1–5 μm, Vickers hardness of 12.5 GPa, bending strength of 537 MPa, and fracture toughness of 3.8 MPa.m^1/2. These excellent mechanical properties indicate that MoB and SiC particulate reinforced MoSi₂ composites could be promising candidates for structural applications.     

Hot isostatic pressing of SiC/Si3N4 composite with rare earth oxide additions

SiC/Si₃N₄ composites with rare earth oxide additions have been prepared by glass encapsulated hot isostatic pressing at 1850 °C and 200 MPa pressure. Mechanical properties and microstructures of the sintered samples have been studied. It is shown that different molar ratios of La₂O₃ to Y₂O₃ and the total amount of La₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ additions can affect the mechanical properties significantly. With 3 wt% La₂O₃ + Y₂O₃ additions, lower La₂O₃/Y₂O₃ molar ratio exhibits higher bending strength and median fracture toughness, but relatively lower Vickers hardness. For addition of 6 wt% La₂O₃ + Y₂O₃, the higher bending strength, Vickers hardness and fracture toughness correspond to a certain La₂O₃/Y₂O₃ molar ratio of 1.5, 1.0 and 0.5, respectively. SEM observation shows that the SiC matrix composite with fine grain size and homogeneous microstructure can be obtained.     

Fabrication and Properties of Ti3SiC2/SiC Composites

Ti3SiC2/SiC composites were fabricated by reactive hot pressing method. Effects of hot pressing temperature, the content and particle size of SiC on phase composition, densification, mechanical properties and behavior of stress-strain of the composites were investigated. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） Hot-pressing temperature influenced the phase composition of Ti3SiC2/SiC composites. The flexural strength and fracture toughness of composites increased with hot pressing temperature. （2） It became more difficult for the composites to densify when the content of SiC in composites increased. It need be sintered at higher temperature to get denser composite. The flexural strength and fracture toughness of composites increased when the content of SiC added in composites increased. However, when the content of SiC reached 50 wt%, the flexural strength and fracture toughness of composites decreased due to high content of pore in composites. （3） When the content of SiC was same, Ti3SiC2/SiC composites were denser while the particle size of SiC added in composites is 12. 8 μm compared with the composites that the particle size of SiC added is 3 μm. The flexural strength and fracture toughness of composites increased with the increase of particle size of SiC added in composites. （4） Ti3SiC2/SiC composites were non-brittle fracture at room temperature.     

High-Strength Zirconium Diboride-Based Ceramics

Zirconium diboride (ZrB₂) and ZrB₂ ceramics containing 10, 20, and 30 vol% SiC particulates were prepared from commercially available powders by hot pressing. Four-point bend strength, fracture toughness, elastic modulus, and hardness were measured. Modulus and hardness did not vary significantly with SiC content. In contrast, strength and toughness increased as SiC content increased. Strength increased from 565 MPa for ZrB₂ to >1000 MPa for samples containing 20 or 30 vol% SiC. The increase in strength was attributed to a decrease in grain size and the presence of WC.     

Effect of fiber type on mechanical properties of short carbon fiber reinforced B4C composites

In order to enhance the mechanical properties of B₄C without density increase, the short carbon fibers M40, M55J and T700 reinforced B₄C ceramic composites were fabricated by hot-pressing process. The addition of the carbon fibers accelerates the densification of the B₄C, decreases their densities, and improves their strength and toughness. The enhancement effects of the three kinds of carbon fibers were studied by investigating the density, Vickers hardness and the mechanical properties such as flexural strength, flexural modulus and fracture toughness of the composites. The fiber type has a great influence on the mechanical properties and enhancement of the short carbon fiber reinforced B₄C composites. The flexible carbon fiber with high strength and low modulus such as T700 is appropriate to reinforce the B₄C matrix ceramic composites.     

TiN-TiB2 Composites Prepared by Reactive Hot Pressing and Effects of Ni Addition

Using TiH₂ and BN as raw materials, the reaction process of TiH₂ and BN in the temperature range 1000°-1600°C was studied. Then TiN-TiB₂ composites were prepared by reactive hot pressing. The effects of Ni addition on the sinterability and the mechanical properties of the composites were discussed. A composite containing 1 wt% Ni exhibited a bending strength of 614 MPa, fracture toughness of 6.20 MPa·m^1/2, and Vickers hardness of 20.5 GPa.