激励环境下悬臂梁式压电振动发电机性能分析

为了提高有限体积内压电振动发电机的发电能力,针对外力和位移激励环境,通过数学模型及ANSYS仿真分析了单、双晶压电发电机结构参数与输出电压及谐振频率之间的关系并进行了实验验证。研究结果表明,在外力激励环境下,应尽量增加压电梁的长度,减小宽度;在位移激励环境下,应尽量降低压电梁的长度。同时,在两种激励环境中,均应优先选用小厚度比的双晶压电梁。     

2种空冷风机桥架的振动特性分析与对比

风机桥架的振动特性取决于其结构形式。文章利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对2种不同结构形式的空冷风机桥架进行比较。通过模态分析对比2种风机桥架的刚度和振动频带,并采用谐响应方法对比2种风机桥架在正常运行不平衡力、叶片断裂时不平衡力以及电动机正常运行不平衡力等激振载荷作用下的频率响应特性。分析结果表明,通过优化风机桥架的结构形式可以改善其振动特性。     

变压器运输过程中的振动与冲击仿真计算分析

变压器运输存在一定的未知环境,如路面的不平整激励和紧急刹车,有可能会使变压器受到震动和冲击,造成变压器部件移位或者部分绝缘受到损坏,降低其使用寿命。为了解决这个问题,以某换流站750k V降压变压器为例提出了一种带有预应力模态分析与谐响应分析的变压器运输仿真计算方法,对确保变压器的运输安全有非常重要的现实意义。     

高速动平衡机摆架动态特性分析与优化

高速动平衡机摆架的动力学特性直接影响到动平衡试验的准确性。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立高速动平衡机摆架模型,进行模态分析,得到动平衡机摆架的各阶频率和振型,并提出摆架主刚度杆的5种改进方法。对各种改进之后的摆架进行谐响应分析,得到动刚度曲线。结果表明,适当的改变主刚度杆的机构尺寸或选用不同弹性模量的材料,都会改变摆架的动刚度。     

悬臂梁压电发电机输出特性及其影响因素分析

为研究悬臂梁压电发电机的输出特性及其影响因素,设计搭建了悬臂梁物理实验模型。通过空载、负载和短路实验测试了振动频率、振动位移和负载大小对其输出电压的影响,对比了不同尺寸压电陶瓷的发电能力,为压电式发电技术的发展和改进提供详细的数据基础和实验依据。研究表明:当振动频率接近压电振子的谐振频率时,发电机有较高电压输出,而随着振动位移的增大,输出电压会线性增加,二者相比,振动位移对输出电压的影响更显著。发电机直接带负载的能力较弱,当外界负载与发电机内阻匹配时才能保持稳定的电压输出。对于不同尺寸的压电陶瓷来说,其长宽比越接近1,发电能力越强。     

利用试验模态分析和动力修改的李兹方法预测汽轮发电机基础的振动

本文介绍了如何运用模态分析理论，对汽轮发电机基础进行动力特性实测，以及在其基础上，运用动力修改的李兹方法，由装机前的实测结果，预测出装机后汽轮发电机基础在机组启动和运行时的振幅。以某电厂３００ＭＷ汽轮发电机基础为实例，进行了理论验证。     

大型汽轮发电机定子绕组端部振动特性测试技术的应用与分析

对广东省电力试验研究所曾进行的大型汽轮发电机定子绕组端部固有频率测试及模态分析工作进行了总结,并将测试结果与实际的事故或缺陷现象进行比较分析,说明了该项测试技术的先进性和准确性,最后指出了应进一步开展的工作。     

感应子脉冲发电机容性整流系统瞬态特性分析

基于放电电感模型全面地分析了感应子脉冲发电机容性整流系统的瞬态特性,厘清了此整流系统存在的全部四种工作模态。推导出各模态之间的临界电压值,以及换流延迟角度和重叠角度的计算式,建立了瞬态模型,并用阀对阀电路仿真和试验结果验证了所提理论计算的准确性。阐明了电路中各模态对充电过程的作用,分析了电路的等效形式,揭示了充电电压与电机电势(EMF)幅值的设计原理。研究结果表明：电路可以看成直流电源串联一个等效换流电抗和等效瞬态换流电感对电容器充电的形式;整个充电过程中起主要作用的是模态1和模态2;合理的充电电压设置值应介于1.3倍~1.5倍发电机相电势幅值之间。     

宽频激励下双稳态压电振动发电机供电能力分析

为了探讨双稳态压电振动发电机在宽频激励下的供电能力问题,建立了宽频激励下双稳态压电振动发电机系统的动力学模型,仿真了双稳态压电振动发电机系统的输出响应特性和不同运动状态的输出电压特性,研究了双稳态压电振动发电机系统运行在高能量轨道上的激励条件,据此优化双稳态压电振动发电机结构参数,并对传感器网络节点的用电需求和双稳态压电振动发电机的供电能力进行分析。仿真和实验结果表明:双稳态压电振动发电机在宽频激励下,其输出平均功率为3．8mW,能够满足实际振动环境下无线传感器网络节点的用电需求。     

压电式振动能量采集电源管理电路分析

压电式振动能量采集的应用十分广泛,在许多能量采集装置中都采用压电元件实现能量转换.分析了振动能量采集装置中压电元件采集的能量输出管理电路,包括标准能量采集电路、DC-DC变换的优化标准能量采集电路、同步电荷提取电路、电感同步开关采集电路和双同步开关采集电路等五种电源管理电路的原理,比较了它们的能量采集输出效率,指出了各种电源管理电路的特点和适用条件.     

悬臂梁式压电振动能量俘获装置输出功率分析与建模

文章通过理论分析,从悬臂梁式压电振动能量俘获装置常见结构的等效电路出发,结合俘能装置的结构参数以及电气参数等特性,总结推导出了该装置输出电压的近似公式,以及低阻值负载情况下恒流源的等效输出模型,也由此推出了多装置并联拓扑结构的输出电压公式。并基于该理论分析,利用Matlab对悬臂梁式压电振动能量俘获装置进行仿真,仿真结果验证了这些近似公式的正确性。     

引信用压电式射流发电机的原理与研究

对一种新型引信用压电式射流发电机的工作原理进行了分析研究.指出压电片的基频固有频率与谐振腔的固有频率相同时发生谐振现象,可以提高发电机的电能输出,并推导了压电片及谐振腔的固有频率公式,为该发电机的设计提供了理论依据.压电式射流发电机具有可连续供电、响应速度快、体积小、电磁兼容性好等优点,其作为引信用环境能源具有宽阔的使用前景和利用价值.     

楔环联接方式的圆柱壳体振动传递特性分析

为了降低系统的振动噪声,楔环联接结构被广泛地应用于圆柱壳体的联接.通过对楔环联接进行适当的简化,运用ANSYS进行模态分析和谐响应分析,并在谐响应分析结果的基础上提取楔环联接两侧的振动响应值以进一步求取振级落差,仿真得到振级差曲线,分析该联接方式对振动传递特性的影响.在振动实验中,采用正弦激励法得到实测的振级落差曲线....     

Enhanced piezoelectric energy harvester performance using magnetic force and thermal energy

One possible approach of improving the performance of energy harvesters is to use energy harvester with an external magnetic force to create a nonlinear coupling system. In this work, we report experimental results of a single piezoelectric cantilever beam (PCB) with tip mass or conventional piezoelectric energy harvester (CPEH), and the effect of applying an external magnetic force. The output voltage and power at optimal resistance was 7.62 V and 0.62 mW, respectively, at the resonance frequency of approximately 11 Hz of a CPEH. Also, the output voltage and average power at optimal resistance was 8.56 V and 0.44 mW, respectively, at resonance frequency of 7 Hz of a PCB with fixed opposing magnet. Furthermore, the output voltage and average power at optimal resistance was 13.31 V and 1.77 mW, respectively, at resonance frequency of 11 Hz of a PCB with opposing magnet attached at a second cantilever. In addition, comparison between the experimental results of all different configurations showed a reasonable enhancement of performance of energy harvester when an external magnetic force added over the main PCB. Finally, the performance of a multisource energy harvester with magnetic, thermal and mechanical sources is also presented in this study. In this case, it is demonstrated that increase in output voltage with temperature gradient under effect of magnetic force; the results of 2^nd and 3^rd model showed 44% and 99% enhancement of its original output voltage value at 1.2 °C and 2.7 °C temperature difference, respectively.     

基于ANSYS Workbench的微型扬声器振膜的有限元分析

将微型扬声器振膜作为研究对象,采用ANSYS Workbench仿真软件对微型扬声器振膜进行有限元分析.通过静力学分析可求解出振膜的应力的变化规律;模态分析得出振膜各阶的谐振频率和振动形态;以及不同材料与等效顺性间的关系.得出的结论能为微型扬声器振膜的设计及性能改善提供一定的理论依据.     

发电机定子绕组端部模态振型分析

对发电机定子绕组端部振动受力振动进行了分析,简要分析了温度、端部绕组是否通入内冷水及发电机定子绕组绝缘老化对端部模态的影响,介绍了发电机定子绕组端部模态分析系统,最后对黔西电厂2号发电机定子绕组端部模态振型进行了分析,并得出了结论。     

谐振式耦合悬臂梁力传感器设计与检测性能分析

谐振式力传感器的检测性能取决于谐振敏感元件的几何尺寸、结构形式和传感机制,目前,单纯依靠减小尺寸提高检测性能的方法已经处于瓶颈期。为了研究发展新型谐振式力传感器,协调非线性振动与谐振结构检测性能之间的矛盾,从而探索灵敏度更高的传感机制,提高其检测性能,提出了一种压电驱动的谐振式磁耦合悬臂梁力传感器。首先,对磁耦合悬臂梁的结构进行了设计和理论建模,通过理论分析了外界压力对磁耦合悬臂梁结构振动特性的影响,随着压力增大,磁耦合悬臂梁之间的距离减小,谐振频率增大。其次,实验验证了分岔跳跃动力学行为的优点,相比单根谐振梁共振时的最大振幅提高了2.8倍,然后研究了基于分岔跳跃特性和基于倍频响应的两种压力检测方案,分别利用分岔跳跃时的临界频率与模态耦合时高阶响应频率实现了压力检测,并对灵敏度和线性度进行了分析。实验结果表明,基于分岔跳跃特性的检测方案振幅变化明显,是基于倍频特性检测方案的5倍左右,易于检测,克服了非线性因素带来的不良影响;基于倍频响应的检测方案输出灵敏度高,是基于分岔跳跃检测方案的4倍左右,信噪比大,为设计不同检测原理的谐振式力传感器提供了一定的参考价值。     

Analysis of the self-excited three-phase synchronous generator utilizing the second space harmonic for excitation

In a previous paper, we proposed a new self-excited three-phase synchronous generator in which the second space harmonic component of the armature reaction field is used for exciting the field system, and clarified its operating principles and basic characteristics by experiment. The new generator has a series excitation characteristic, and responds quickly to a sudden change of load, because an excitation power can be directly obtained from the armature reaction field. This paper introduces a method for analyzing the steady-state performance of our new generator. In the analysis, an equivalent circuit of the generator is derived from a duality between interlinked electric and magnetic circuits. A simple determination method of parameters in the equivalent circuit is also shown. Calculated results are compared with the experimentally obtained values on a laboratory machine, and good agreement between both values has been observed. The proposed analysis is useful for simulating the steady-state performance of the generator by taking into account the nonlinear effect of the iron core due to magnetic saturation. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 121(1): 70–81, 1997     

A study of the electromagnetic vibration of a capacitor induction motor caused by time-harmonic voltages

In recent years, power source voltage waveform distortion has become noticeable, as electrical appliances with rectifier circuits have become widely used. Connecting capacitor inductor motor (CRM) to such distorted supply, or controlling CRM by simple controller with a switching device (such as triacs), harmonic voltage is supplied to CRM. In that case, CRM produces electromagnetic vibrations caused by not only the fundamental voltage but also time-harmonic voltages in the distorted voltage. In addition, CRM produces electromagnetic vibration due to backward magnetic fields. Thus, it is difficult to clarify a relationship between electromagnetic vibration of CRM and harmonic voltages. In this paper, the causes of the electromagnetic vibration of CRM operating under distorted wave supply voltage are discussed. First, a general equation of dominant electromagnetic force waves is shown considering not only forward magnetic fields but also backward magnetic fields. Using a general equation, causes of dominant electromagnetic vibration can be clarified. Next, by discussing in detail some examples of the dominant vibration, the relationship between the vibration and harmonic voltages becomes evident. Furthermore, the relationship between the vibration and backward magnetic field is clarified.