基于改进型入侵野草算法的三轴磁传感器非正交误差校正

由于加工工艺和安装工艺的限制,三轴磁传感器必然存在非正交误差。为校正该误差以获取准确的三轴磁数据,建立了三轴磁传感器的非正交误差模型,并通过最小二乘法求解该模型。利用4种智能优化算法对上述最小二乘问题进行求解,并对入侵野草算法进行了改进。仿真与实验结果表明：基于改进型入侵野草算法的最小二乘误差校正方法对因三轴非正交导致的运动噪声抑制率分别为85.42%和86.50%,可以较好地对三轴磁传感器非正交误差进行校正。     

基于自适应滤波算法的磁强计/陀螺组合误差修正

针对弹箭姿态测量中低精度陀螺姿态解算误差因漂移迅速增大的问题,文中采用三轴磁强计和陀螺组合测姿方案,对姿态角的输出进行修正。通过建立基于陀螺姿态解算误差角的状态方程和磁强计输出的误差观测方程,采用自适应卡尔曼滤波方法以抑制滤波发散并对姿态误差角进行估计。仿真结果表明:该方法能有效利用磁强计的输出抑制了陀螺漂移带来的误差,提高解算精度,满足长时间姿态测量的要求。     

基于地磁辅助的弹载两轴陀螺传感器校正方法研究

为解决弹载环境下两轴陀螺传感器难以实现三轴校正的问题,提出基于地磁辅助的两轴陀螺 传感器校正方法。建立两轴陀螺传感器测量误差模型,由单轴地磁信号解算得到弹丸x轴 角速率,解决了因陀螺传感器量程限制而无法测量低旋弹丸x轴滚转角速率的问题;研究线性最小二乘模型和卡尔曼滤波模型校正两轴陀螺传感器相关参数的方法,数值仿真分析弹丸x轴角速率解算误差和陀螺传感器测量噪声对校正结果的影响;半实物仿真模拟两轴陀螺传感器在工程中的应用,研究基于地磁辅助的两轴陀螺传感器校正方法校正效果。数值仿真结果表明：当弹丸x轴 角速率解算误差在0.261 8 rad/s以内且当陀螺传感器测量噪声在0.001 6 rad/s以内时,经过校正后,弹丸y轴和z轴角速率校正误差在0.01 rad/s以内。半实物仿真结果表明：当弹丸x轴角速率解算误差在0.8 rad/s以内时,两种校正模型均能将陀螺传感器的测量误差从－0.30~－0.05 rad/s范 围减小到－0.02~0.02 rad/s范围内。数值仿真和半实物仿真结果证明：基于地磁辅助的两轴陀螺传感器校正方法具有较好的校正效果。     

制导武器半实物仿真导引头误差分析研究

开展制导武器半实物仿真试验时应保证仿真环境与真实作战环境的一致性,消除各种误差对仿真系统带来的影响。针对导引头安装在五轴转台过程中产生的位置误差影响半实物仿真可信度的问题,提出了一种导引头跟随试验方法进行误差辨识,利用试验结果建立了误差参数超定线性方程组,基于最小二乘法原则采用加权修正法和变尺度法实现了误差标定和误差校正,通过校正前后的试验对比结果验证了校正算法有效性。结果表明,校正算法满足半实物仿真要求,提高了半实物仿真可信度。     

弹载地磁传感器时变误差的校正

在弹箭设计过程中,为了获得弹体飞行时的气动参数,通常采用地磁传感器来测量弹体的姿态信息,而采用的三轴磁传感器都存在误差,因此,对误差的校正就显得很有必要了。在文中提出了一种新的校正方法,该方法是对已有的常规误差校正方法的扩展,使之能用来对磁传感器的时变误差进行校正。这种方法可用于复杂电磁环境中的弹载测量系统,可以有效校正磁传感器的测量误差,最后通过仿真实验数据对结果进行了验证。     

矢量传感器的转向差与信号检测

三轴磁强计广泛地用于磁信号检测,但由于转向差的存在限制了它对微弱信号的检测。在分析矢量传感器转向差的基础上,提出一种校正转向差的方法,结果显示该方法能显著地降低转向差,从而改善了对微弱信号的检测能力。     

姿态测试用磁通门磁强计的设计

简述了磁通门磁强计的工作原理，讨论了利用磁通门技术进行飞行体飞行姿态实时测量的磁通门磁强计姿态测试诉基本原理，探头和电路的设计方法，制作了三轴磁通门磁强计并进行了基础实验，证证了利用磁通门磁强计进行飞行体姿态测试的可行性。     

基于磁强计/陀螺的卡尔曼滤波定姿算法

针对基于磁强计的组合导航研究中,须事先确定滚转角这一不足,提出了一种磁强计和MEMS陀螺组合确定姿态的四元数卡尔曼滤波算法。利用陀螺测量的姿态角速率,结合磁强计输出的地磁分量测量值,运用卡尔曼滤波算法对三个姿态角同时进行最优估计,而不需要先验假设。仿真误差分析表明:姿态角解算结果具有较小的误差,且不随时间积累。     

基于MTI的组合导航算法研究

推导了磁阻/DR的组合方法,利用加速度计与磁强计测量的载体姿态角适时的对陀螺所测的载体姿态角进行修正,抑制了陀螺所测量载体姿态角误差的迅速扩大.探讨了GPS/SINS组合导航系统中抗差自校正卡尔曼滤波的应用,并对此进行了仿真.最后的仿真结果表明:抗差自校正卡尔曼滤波效果优于标准卡尔曼滤波效果.     

单星方案确定平台误差角研究

为了利用单星敏感器的测量数据确定导弹平台的三轴误差角,建立了平台在垂直星敏感器主轴的两个方向上的误差角近似模型,分析了方法误差的大小;并根据先验信息确定平台绕星敏感器主轴的误差角,同时对另两个轴的误差角进行修正.该方法能够较好地确定平台的三轴误差角,当先验信息不精确时,计算的平台绕星敏感器主轴方向的误差角不准确.     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.