硫酸钡在纤维细胞腔中的加填

目前国内外造纸厂中广泛使用填料,加入填料一般具有三个主要作用：改变纸张光学性质;改进纸张物理和印刷性能;降低成本。然而由于填料的加入会使纸张的强度有所降低,同时影响施胶的效果,因此国外一直在探索纤维的细胞腔加填。因为在未干燥的植物纤维内部存在大量的空隙,平均每克浆（绝干）约含1.5mL的空隙体积,细胞腔加填由于填料物质是加入到纤维的细胞腔内,而不留存于纤维的表面,故在满足使用填料的三个主要作用的前提下,通过不阻碍纤维间的结合,从而降低纸张的强度损失,鉴于目前中、碱性抄纸的发展,本文拟对硫酸钡在纤维细胞腔中的加填工艺作一初步探索。     

细胞腔加填与细胞壁加填

介绍了细胞腔、细胞壁加填技术以及它们的研究与应用现状，并与传统直接加填．的方式进行了比较，显示出细胞腔加填技术及细胞壁加填技术的优越性。     

芦苇纤维细胞腔加填技术的研究

利用高速搅拌的方法研究通过纹孔将填入芦苇纤维细胞腔的技术。实验分别选用沉淀硫酸钡和研磨天然碳酸钙两种填料，并加以分级处理使之超细化。填料在浮状态通过高速拌作用通过芦苇纤维的纹孔进入细胞腔。研究了影响加填的一些主要因素及加填后纸页的物理和光学性质。     

芦苇纤维的细胞腔加填技术的研究

利用高速搅拌的方法通过纹孔将填料加入芦苇纤维细胞腔，研究了影响加填的一些主要因素及加填后纸页的物理性能和光学性质。     

提高纸张填料留着率的研究进展

从填料自身的特性和湿部化学参数方面介绍了造纸过程中填料留着率对生产成本与环境的影响因素;对助留剂(单元助留体系、双聚合物助留体系、微粒助留体系、非离子型助留体系)的应用、填料与纤维改性技术(阳离子淀粉改性、填料的包覆改性、外表面细纤维化处理、阳离子淀粉改性纤维)和纤维细胞内加填等提高填料留着率的方法和研究进展进行了综述。研究结果表明:应用助留剂是提高填料加添应用效率最常用、最普遍的方法,而且微粒助留体系对填料的留着率优于单元助留体系和双聚合物助留体系。填料及纤维改性和纤维细胞内加填方法是现在研究的热点,虽然过程比较复杂,但取得的效果比应用助留剂的方法更好,具有一定的发展前景。     

采用喷雾加填 提高填料留着率

造纸厂家加填都想达到这样一个目的：在保证产品质量、使纸具有某种特性的前提下，最大限度地加大填料用量，提高留着率，降低运营成本。我厂经过多次试验，摸索出一套比较成功的方法，在此推荐给大家，希望能得到大家的指教。具体做法为：选择适宜的填料，将其溶解均匀后过网，用喷雾装置直接喷淋在湿部脱水初成形的湿纸页上。在不加任何其他助剂的情况下，大大提高了纸的灰分。同时由于喷雾式加填，纸页已经成形，减少了液相中填料与其他添加助剂的接触，节省了其他助剂的用量。当填料用量达３０％时，纸的灰分可达到２５％以上，留着率达…     

用直接喷淋法加填提高填料留着率

造纸造纸厂家加填都想达到这样一个目的:在保证产品质量,使纸具有某种特性的前提下,最大限度地加大填料用量,提高留着率,降低生产成本。我厂经过多次试验,用网上直接喷淋法加填生产石膏板护面纸,提高了填料留着率,增加了灰分,降低了生产成本。具体做法为:选择适宜的填料,将其溶解均匀后过滤,用喷雾装置直接喷淋在湿部脱水初成形的湿纸页上。在不加任何其它助剂的情况下,大大提高了纸的灰分。由于喷雾式加填,纸页已经成形,减少了液相中填料与其它添表1用用喷淋法加填生产石膏板护面纸的物理指标填料比例% 02030定量g/m2225243246水分%10.4 9.…     

新型造纸设备、配料工艺对纤维、填料留着的影响

NewPapermakingEquipment,FurnishesOfferFiber,FillerRetentionChallenge在造纸过程中,纸页成形是一个关键而又难以捉摸的质量问题,它始终使造纸工作者面临挑战。纸的勾度可以不很严格地由纤维“絮聚物”的大小和分布情况来定义,实际上它是纤维和填料任意分布的一种尺度。细小而又均匀分布的“软”絮块比大而“硬”的絮块获得的纸页匀度要好得多,而后者常常会导致成纸出现斑点或不均匀的外观。造纸设备制造商们一直试图通过使用网前箱匀浆辊,水印辊或采取加大网前箱稀释度及水力湍流等机械方法来改善纸页成形。随着当今高车速和加…     

造纸填料留着的改善及加填纸的施胶障碍控制

造纸填料可显著改善纸品的性能,具有重要的应用价值。然而,随其用量的增加,往往可产生一系列问题,其中填料留着及加填纸的施胶障碍问题值得予以关注。该文从国内外的相关研究进展出发,对填料留着的改善及加填纸的施胶障碍控制进行了评述,指出了相关研究的重要意义。     

芦苇纤维细胞腔加填技术的研究——超细粒度填料的高速搅拌细胞腔加填技术

利用高速搅拌的方法研究了通过纹孔将填料加入芦苇纤维细胞腔的技术。实验分别选用沉淀硫酸钡和研磨天然碳酸钙两种填料，并加以分级处理使之超细化。填料在悬浮状态通过高速搅拌作用通过芦苇纤维的纹孔进入细胞腔。研究了影响加填的一些主要因素及加填后纸页的物理和光学性质。     

思茅松硫酸盐漂白浆纤维细胞加填技术研究

以思茅松硫酸盐漂白浆为原料,探讨了加填操作参数对思茅松硫酸盐漂白浆纤维细胞内加填效果的影响。结果表明：“现场加填法”是适宜于思茅松硫酸盐漂白浆细胞内加填的方法,实验条件下,经加填的纸浆灰分含量可达16．45％～25．15％．     

细胞腔填充法制备磁性纸影响填充度的因素分析

研究了影响细胞腔填充法制备磁性纸填充度的主要因素。研究结果表明：针叶木化学浆的填充效果比阁叶木化学浆的填充效果好;使用针叶木化学浆获得适宜填充效果的工艺条件为：聚乙烯亚胺用量5mg／g（对绝干纸浆）;硫酸铝的浓度0．0075g／l;搅拌速度2500r／min;打浆度29°SR;搅拌时间30min;增加四氧化三铁的用量和延长处理时间可以提高填充度。     

漆酶处理马尾松KP浆纤维形态变化的研究

以马尾松KP浆为原料研究了漆酶处理对纸浆纤维形态的影响。研究结果发现,漆酶处理可使马尾松KP浆纤维粗度下降,纤维的卷曲指数和扭结指数上升,而对纤维的平均长度没有明显影响,对细小纤维百分比的改变无规律可循。同时研究发现,漆酶处理对马尾松KP浆的湿抗张强度也会产生一定的影响,漆酶处理后O、OE和OQP浆的湿零距抗张强度会发生不同程度的下降。     

两种助留剂在烟用内衬纸原纸中的生产试验

随着卷烟配套用纸行业的发展,市场对烟用内衬纸原纸的性能需求逐渐多样化,相应地提高了对原纸的性能要求。在烟用内衬纸原纸生产过程中需要添加多种助剂,助留剂作为生产过程中的一种重要助剂,对产品质量起着至关重要的作用,但助留剂的生产厂家、品种、价格复杂多样,一方面导致产品成本难以控制,另一方面产品质量的稳定性无法保证,所以如何降低生产成本,提高助留剂的使用效率是当前烟用内衬纸原纸生产的关键。本文通过分析两种助剂的单程留着率、单程填料留着率等数据,针对两种助留剂在烟用内衬纸原纸生产过程中的使用进行探讨,目的是提高助留剂的助留效果,同时降低生产成本。     

An investigation into the effects of fiber architecture on the mechanical behavior of woven preforms

This study attempts to analyze the behavior of different types of woven composite preforms (i.e. plain, twill, and satin) under distinct loading conditions. To this end, fabric elements are modeled using discrete finite element approach. Different loading scenarios such as intra-ply shear, in-plane tension, and simultaneous intra-ply shear and in-plane tension loads are applied to the fabric elements. TexGen software is utilized to develop the geometric model of the fabric elements. Subsequently, the geometric model is exported to ABAQUS FE package and mechanistic analyses are conducted. The FE results reveal that under the same loading conditions, the in-plane tensile stress induced in plain weave elements has the minimum value compared to twill and satin elements. Having said that, the intra-ply shear resistance of the plain element is larger than the other weave types. What’s more, the behavior of the fabric elements under simultaneous intra-ply shear and tension loading scenarios are studied that discloses almost the similar response for all weave types.     

The response of polymer optical fiber (POF) to cyclic loading for the application of a POF sensor for automotive seat occupancy sensing

The goal of this research aimed to develop an accurate and reproducible textile-based optical fiber sensor for automotive seat occupancy. In our previous publication, the response of perfluorinated (PF) graded index (GI) polymer optical fibers (POFs) (62.5/750 and 62.5/490 μm) to bending and tensile loading was investigated. In this study, the response of the PF GI POFs to cyclic loading was investigated. The repeated loading and unloading the POF sensor would experience due to car vibrations and multiple uses by seat occupants, might cause fatigue failure to the POF sensor. The results showed that the Cytop-1 did not show any permanent deformation up to 500 cycles at strain rates 4 and 60 mm/min at a gage length of 76.2 mm in its elastic sensitive strain region. The Cytop-2 showed permanent deformation at 3.5% strain after 500 cycles at a gage length of 76.2 mm. Thus, the Cytop-1 was found out to be more appropriate to be used as an optical fiber sensor for automotive seat occupancy sensing relative to the Cytop-2. In this study, a theoretical approach of the behavior of PF GI POF to cyclic loading was also provided.     

杜仲一年生枝条制浆性能初步研究

研究了杜仲的化学成分及纤维形态学参数，结果表明，杜仲纤维素和半纤维素含量高、木素含量较低，纤维长宽比较大、壁腔比小，是良好的制浆造纸原料。在最高温度和液比保持不变的情况下，以保温时间、用碱量、硫化度、蒽醌用量为蒸煮参数，进行L9（3^4）硫酸盐-蒽醌法正交试验初步研究了杜仲的制浆性能，优化的蒸煮工艺条件为：用碱量18％（NaOH计），硫化度24％（NaOH计）、蒽醌用量0．05％、保温时间90min。采用HP两段漂白后，白度达74％ISO以上，且漂白浆物理性能较好。     

A preliminary investigation into the effects of ocular lubricants on higher order aberrations in normal and dry eye subjects

PurposeTo study the effects of ocular lubricants on higher order aberrations in normal and self-diagnosed dry eyes.MethodsUnpreserved hypromellose drops, Tears Again™ liposome spray and a combination of both were administered to the right eye of 24 normal and 24 dry eye subjects following classification according to a 5 point questionnaire. Total ocular higher order aberrations, coma, spherical aberration and Strehl ratios for higher order aberrations were measured using the Nidek OPD-Scan III (Nidek Technologies, Gamagori, Japan) at baseline, immediately after application and after 60 min. The aberration data were analyzed over a 5 mm natural pupil using Zernike polynomials. Each intervention was assessed on a separate day and comfort levels were recorded before and after application. Corneal staining was assessed and product preference recorded after the final measurement for each intervention.ResultsHypromellose drops caused an increase in total higher order aberrations (p = <0.01 in normal and dry eyes) and a reduction in Strehl ratio (normal eyes: p = <0.01, dry eyes p = 0.01) immediately after instillation. There were no significant differences between normal and self-diagnosed dry eyes for response to intervention and no improvement in visual quality or reduction in higher order aberrations after 60 min. Differences in comfort levels failed to reach statistical significance.ConclusionCombining treatments does not offer any benefit over individual treatments in self-diagnosed dry eyes and no individual intervention reached statistical significance. Symptomatic subjects with dry eye and no corneal staining reported an improvement in comfort after using lubricants.