CAPL机组加热室内的传热数学模型

本文对带钢在加热室的加热过程进行了等效地简化，建立了带钢加热的物理模型和数学模型。根据此模型对带钢在宝钢CAPL机组加热室的加热进行了模拟计算，并将计算结果与实际的生产数据进行了比较。     

带钢镀锌退火炉热过程模拟

以三元模型法为基础,建立了带钢在立式炉内退火全过程的数学模型;模拟计算了带钢和退火炉的温度场;讨论了操作参数对带钢加热的影响以及冷却气体初始温度和喷射速度对带钢冷却过程的影响。其模拟的带钢加热曲线与工艺要求相吻合,为带钢温度的预测和合理的炉温决策创造了有利条件。     

ILVA公司特尔尼厂的66in.带钢热轧机的现代化改造

１９６４年投产的轧制不锈钢，电工钢和高碳钢的带钢热轧机现已过时，对其进行现代化改造后，轧制产品在质量上有明显的改善，包括：较好地控制了带钢厚度，宽度，形状，增加了板卷的单位重量，提高了生产率。改造的内容有：增设步进式再热炉，有源加热／无源加热隧道，轧件边部感应加热器，除鳞系统，辅助精轧机架，液压ＡＧＣ系统，横移轧辊和变辊及带钢冷却系统。     

炉卷轧机的发展（一）

本文主要介绍炉卷轧机的发展情况。使用这种轧机，带钢在轧制过程中可以得到补充加热，调节温度，使带钢可以在保持一定的温度下进行轧制，因此很适合于一些轧制温度要求严的特殊带钢生产。近几年在一些中型企业内开始新建这类炉卷轧机。     

炉卷轧机的发展

本文主要介绍炉卷轧机的发展情况。使用这种轧机，带钢在轧制过程中可以得到补充加热，调节温度，使带钢可以在保持一定的温度下进行轧制，因此很适合于一些轧制温度要求严的特殊带钢生产。近几年在一些中型企业内开始新建这类炉卷轧机。     

带高频镀锌层退火的热镀锌线

１９９５年中期韩国联合制钢公司投产一条现代高效镀锌线。新生产线的能力为３０万ｔ／ａ，处理的带钢宽度为６００～１２７０ｍｍ，厚度为０．２３～２．３ｍｍ，是由曼内斯曼德马克公司承担施工、制造、安装和试投产工作。新建热镀锌线首次采用高频感应退火炉，频率为１２５ｋＨｚ。镀锌层退火处理是为了使铁元素扩散进入锌层，以提高带钢的抗腐蚀性、焊接和涂漆性能，外镀层中铁的最佳含量为８％～１５％。采用高频感应炉的最大优点是它具有有效地加热薄带钢的能力和在最短的线圈长度情况下获得最大的单位生产率。此外带钢加热均匀，带钢…     

连续退火炉二级管温模型优化

连续退火炉热处理效率很高,主要用于生产抗张强度大和塑性强的带钢,其中加热段的温度控制直接关系到产品的质量,是退火工艺中最为关键的炉段。为了解决连续退火炉加热段管温控制偏差,以及一二级切换时的温度波动问题,本文对连续退火炉辐射管的加热模型曲线进行了优化,使得原来只有三种固定模式的连续退火炉二级模型可以根据当前产量和带钢温度对加热段辐射管温度分配进行动态计算。提高了带钢退火炉热处理的稳定性,进而提高了带钢产品质量。     

连续热处理炉炉底辊

一、概述 硅钢板、镀锌原板、不锈钢板、铝板及其合金制成的各种带钢均在连续热处理炉进行热处理。入炉带钢借助于分组集体传动的炉底辊,从入侧输送到出侧,在约800～1050℃的炉温和特定的气氛下,完成一定的热处理工艺过程。 该连续热处理炉的无氧化加热段,用来对入炉带钢进行快速加热,炉温通常控制在1100～1300℃,因此,一般采用辊身水冷或空冷的炉底辊,带钢在该段温度升至约500～550℃,然后进入辐射管间接加热的加热段。     

金属带钢连续退火炉的新加热法

“金属带钢连续退火炉的新加热法”其优点概括起来主要有以下2点:其一:实施金属带钢连续退火之际,可按其加热周期、流程速度、板厚和板宽等设定变化,利用置于辐射发热管间的气体射流喷嘴,将调节温度、流量用气体喷于金属带钢上进行加热;其二:实施金属连续退火之际,借助蓄热器及其旁通管道调节喷射气体温度、流量,继而对金属带钢进行加热.欲问目前金属带钢连续退火炉状况,日本三菱重工业株式会社原田昌博说,当今,世界冶金行业对冷轧钢板、镀锡钢板等金属带     

影响带钢板形的主要因素

a．带钢的不均匀受热或冷却。带钢加热或冷却不均时会在内部产生应力，当其值超过极限就会出现板形问题。在宽度方向上出现应力不均时会产生边浪或小边浪。     

大型光亮退火马弗炉加热段温度场模拟

建立了大型光亮退火马弗炉加热段温度场的三维仿真模型.该模型考虑了马弗炉实际结构、带钢退火速度和升温曲线特点,采用等效热流密度表征马弗管内保护气体和带钢的换热;选择组分传输燃烧模型、离散坐标辐射模型和标准k-ε双方程湍流模型描述马弗炉内燃烧、换热和气体流动;应用SIMPLE计算方法进行求解.典型规格304不锈钢带光亮退火过程实测特征点温度值和模拟结果基本吻合.分析得到了马弗炉内温度场、流场和速度场分布规律.结果表明:马弗管温度比较均匀,喷嘴正对区域温度偏高;燃气气流沿马弗管壁螺旋流动实现均匀加热.喷吹量较小时,喷吹量(入口速度)越大,马弗炉内温度越高;喷吹量继续增大,马弗炉内温度反而开始降低.      

电子屏蔽用锌白铜带生产技术的研究

对锌白铜进行成分调整、拉铸工艺优化，使锌白铜铸坯成品率由原来的89％提高到96．5％。利用金相观察等手段研究了冷轧加工、热处理和脱脂清洗等工艺对锌白铜带在300℃／3min下发黄变色的影响，优化出了适宜的工艺参数。通过增加微量Ce、Al元素，并对带材表面粗糙度控制和碱液清洗处理，实现了锌白铜带在300℃的马弗炉内保持3min不发黄。     

Heat treatment of rollers in the ShPS 30-80 ball-rolling mill at JSC DMPZ

In the production of steel rollers, surface decarburization may occur in the course of heating before quenching. Means of more effective protection against such decarburization are considered in the case of the 35X CA steel barrel of wrapped rollers for the ShPS 30-80 ball-rolling mill. A technological protocol for the heat treatment of the rollers is developed. It is shown that protection by means of nitrogen + a carburizing agent + a muffle increases the likelihood of the desired outcome (no decarburized surface layer and hardness no less than 45 HRC) by 31.9% in comparison with protection by means of Barier protective compound + a carburizing agent + a muffle. On average, 450–470 t of grinding balls (diameter 40 mm; hardness groups III and IV) may be rolled in a complete run (to regrinding) on rollers heat-treated by the proposed protocol.     

Mathematical model of metallurgical thermal processes and application

There are lots of physical changes and chemical reactions in the processes of iron and steel making, these processes are quite complex in the aspect of heat transfer.The processes of iron and steel making can be approximately divided into three kinds.The first kinds are the processes of fusion metallurgy which involve enormous chemical reactions,such as blast furnace,converter,electric furnace and coke oven.The second kinds are the processes of heating and cooling which are mainly the physical changes,such as walking-beam reheating furnace,annular heating furnace and car-type furnace.The third kinds are the processes of heat treatment which mainly adjust metallurgical structure of metal,such as roller hearth heat treatment furnace, strip continuous heat treatment vertical/horizontal furnace and HPH bell-type annealing furnace.Every process can only be finished in particular thermal equipment.And all the physical and chemical processes mentioned above must obey first principles of engineering thermodynamics,heat & mass transfer,hydromechanics, combustion,metallurgy physical chemistry etc,and which can be summarized as principle of heat transfer,mass transfer,momentum transfer and chemistry reaction.In this paper,based on first principle of heat and mass transfer in iron and steel making processes,a series of mathematical models of thermal equipments and processes are presented.Such as the model of hot-blast stoves,coke oven,CDQ-boiler system,sintering, reheating furnace,soaking furnace,annular heating furnace,roller hearth heat treatment furnace,strip continuous heat treatment vertical/horizontal furnace,HPH bell-type annealing furnace,control cooling of medium plate,burner,heat exchanger and regenerative burner etc.The on-line application of the model is based on experimental certification of the mathematical model.And finally the computer optimization system of metallurgical thermal process is obtained.     

590 MPa含锰钢带罩式炉退火氧化色分析与控制

针对罩式炉工业化生产590 MPa含锰低合金冷轧钢带表面氧化色缺陷,分析了表面氧化色的主要组成。实验室采用马弗炉模拟了罩式炉退火工艺,验证了金属锰薄片对钢带表面氧化色的抑制作用。结果表明,金属锰薄片可以通过消耗炉内氧化性气氛,保护试样表面在退火过程中不被氧化。罩式炉工业化退火采用冷点温度620 ℃、热点温度630 ℃、保温时间25 h及全过程40 m3/h氢气流量吹扫制度,同时退火过程中在每个对流板中心处装入125 kg纯金属锰薄片,可避免工业化生产590 MPa含锰低合金冷轧钢带边部出现氧化色缺陷,同时力学性能满足要求。     

连续退火炉加热制度对IF钢性能的影响

 用IF冷轧带钢制作6组90°热模拟试样,经不同加热退火处理后,比较其平均晶粒度和力学性能。结果表明,经不同加热退火处理后,带钢平均晶粒度和物理性能呈规律性变化。在不影响产品使用性能的情况下,保持相同退火速度,适当降低加热退火温度可节能降耗。     

Thermal performance of annealing line heating furnace

Abstract

In the present study, a stepwise model based on the enclosure concept has been applied to an annealing line heating furnace. The model has been satisfactorily tested using three industrial manufacturing data sets. As temperature measurement inside the furnace is difficult, the model could be used to improve control and to obtain the outlet temperature of the steel strip, the heat transfer rate loss and the strip heat transfer rate throughout the length of the furnace. Variations in the thermodynamic properties included in the model and in the operational conditions, which cannot be accurately known, have been tested to ascertain their effects on the evolution of the strip temperature. It is found that precise knowledge of the heat capacity and heating power introduced in the furnace are important to obtain good results in application of the model.     

带钢连续热镀锌立式炉热过程数学模型

对大型带钢连续热镀锌机组立式炉的加热和冷却过程建立了数学模型,数学模型的运算结果与实测数据吻合,为预测钢带温度和优化过程控制提供了依据.     

刀具用热轧不锈钢带开发

攀长特公司焊管钢丝厂普通400 mm热轧窄带钢生产线,通过采取选取适宜的坯型,合理的加热工艺、热处理工艺及科学的操作等一系列有效的技术措施,成功开发出了30Cr13、20Cr13、5Cr15MoV等刀具用不锈热轧窄钢带。