有限集手写汉字识别中的笔画分区矩描述特征

提出了一种笔画分区矩特征的提取方法。根据汉字笔画分布特点，利用小波变换将汉字分解为4个方向笔画分量，用分区矩分别描述4个笔画于图像，并采用K—L变换对特征进行降维处理。采用该特征对有限集手写体汉字进行识别，初步实验结果表明该方法十分有效。     

一种新的基于细化的汉字笔画抽取方法及其在汉字识别中的应用

文章提出了一种新的基于细化的汉字笔画抽取方法,并把笔画统计特征用于汉字的识别。实验结果表明,该方法可有效地抽取出汉字的笔画并可成功地用于汉字的识别。     

基于模糊子笔画统计特征的手写体汉字识别

汉字由笔画或子笔画组成,笔画或子笔画特征在手写体汉字识别中得到了广泛应用。论文提出一种模糊子笔画抽取方法,解决了因无限制手写体笔画随意性而使得抽取的子笔画不稳定的问题。计算字符边缘点“横”、“竖”、“撇”、“捺”的模糊子笔画属性特征,并将其与模糊网格相结合,生成模糊子笔画统计特征。银行支票手写体汉字大写金额识别的实验结果表明应用模糊子笔画统计特征能取得更好的识别效果。     

完全基于结构知识的汉字笔画抽取方法

从汉字结构知识出发,提出了一种从汉字图像直接抽取笔画的算法,给出了抽取横、竖、撇、捺４种笔画的完全量化的昨去除不同字体的笔画修饰噪声的规则,该方法较好地解决了各笔画的相交、相连及噪声排队等总理２,综在汉字识别及字体自动生成等汉字信息处理方面有重要作用。     

基于手写体汉字笔画提取重构的识别方法

提出了手写体汉字笔画宽度提取、基于提取出的笔画宽度归一化手写体汉字的方法，给出手写体汉字笔画重构的思想，实现了一种基于手写体汉字笔画提取的汉字重构并最终识别手写体汉字的算法，构建了手写体汉字的识别系统。实验证实，该方法可保证原有笔画特征信息，且能有效地识别手写体汉字。     

基于图形识别的汉字笔画分类方法

提出了一种获得汉字笔画种类及其拓扑结构的新方法.通过分析TrueType字库存储的汉字字形信息,构造笔画图形并提取出笔画特征,采用统计分类和边界关键点定位相结合的方法,利用综合分类法实现了对二级6763个汉字的笔画种类和拓扑结构的基于XML的语义知识表达,可结合前端输入程序进行快速搜索和定位.为字体变形、字体自动生成、汉字知识挖掘等提供了必需的基本信息.实验表明这种方法能够准确、有效地识别汉字笔画及其拓扑结构.     

对联机手写汉字识别技术的研究——实现笔画识别

联机手写汉字识别(OLCCR)，是指用笔在图形输入板上写字，人一边写，机器一边认，是一种方便的汉字识别手段。在各种自动识别输入的方法中，OLCCR是能够代替或部分代替人工编码输入的惟一可能的方法。识别中主要是两方面的问题：建立汉字识别库和手写板上笔画轨迹的识别。文中就第二方面即手写笔画识别的问题进行了全面的研究，采用笔画基元帮助分析笔画轨迹，并用可视化编程工具Visual C 6.0实现了基于这种方法的笔画识别过程。     

汉字输入法研究探索——零记忆双笔画汉字编码输入法

通过使用电脑键盘上的26个英文字母键进行零记忆双笔画汉字编码,它的主要特点就是能够将常用的横、竖、撇、捺、点、折这几种汉字的单笔画进行两两组合成为25种双笔画,并且按照一般的书写顺序,将双笔画所对应的英文字以及单笔画对应的英文字母跟汉字拼音的首字母进行组合,顺序组成一个一至四位汉字输入码,该一至四位汉字输入码对应相应的一个或几个汉字,然后选择需要输入的汉字。其显著效果在于:记忆量小,重码少,能够简单快速的输入汉字及其词组。     

一种新的基于距离的汉字笔画抽取方法

在定义了相关术语的基础上提出了一种新的基于距离的汉字笔画抽取方法，并给出了实验结果，结果表明该方法可有效可行，为后续基于笔画的汉字信息处理打下了坚实的基础。     

基于运动图象的手写汉字笔画时序信息提取

利用连续帧图象之间的时序关系,提出了一种基于运动图象的手写笔画时序信息提取方法.根据汉字结构特点和汉字识别的需要,此文首先定义了网格时序和笔顺两种手写汉字的笔画时序信息;然后,应用数学形态学方法确定手写汉字笔画像素点出现的图象帧序,并提取网格时序;最后通过笔段提取与融合获取笔顺.从实验结果看,所提取的笔画时序,尤其是起始和终止笔画是正确的,表明该方法有效的.     

Model-based stroke extraction and matching for handwritten Chinese character recognition

This paper proposes a model-based structural matching method for handwritten Chinese character recognition (HCCR). This method is able to obtain reliable stroke correspondence and enable structural interpretation. In the model base, the reference character of each category is described in an attributed relational graph (ARG). The input character is described with feature points and line segments. The strokes and inter-stroke relations of input character are not determined until being matched with a reference character. The structural matching is accomplished in two stages: candidate stroke extraction and consistent matching. All candidate input strokes to match the reference strokes are extracted by line following and then the consistent matching is achieved by heuristic search. Some structural post-processing operations are applied to improve the stroke correspondence. Recognition experiments were implemented on an image database collected in KAIST, and promising results have been achieved.     

A novel stroke-based feature extraction for handwritten Chinese character recognition

A stroke-based approach to extract skeletons and structural features for handwritten Chinese character recognition is proposed. We first determine stroke directions based on the directional run-length information of binary character patterns. According to the stroke directions and their adjacent relationships, we split strokes into stroke and fork segments, and then extract the skeletons of the stroke segments called skeleton segments. After all skeleton segments are extracted, fork segments are processed to find the fork points and fork degrees. Skeleton segments that touch a fork segment are connected at the fork point, and all connected skeleton segments form the character skeleton. According to the extracted skeletons and fork points, we can extract primitive strokes and stroke direction maps for recognition. A simple classifier based on the stroke direction map is presented to recognize regular and rotated characters to verify the ability of the proposed feature extraction for handwritten Chinese character recognition. Several experiments are carried out, and the experimental results show that the proposed approach can easily and effectively extract skeletons and structural features, and works well for handwritten Chinese character recognition.     

On-line handwritten Chinese character recognition via a fuzzy attribute representation

Chinese characters are constructed by strokes according to structural rules. Therefore, the geometric configurations of characters are important features for character recognition. In handwritten characters, stroke shapes and their spatial relations may vary to some extent. The attribute value of a structural identification is then a fuzzy quantity rather than a binary quantity. Recognizing these facts, we propose a fuzzy attribute representation (FAR) to describe the structural features of handwritten Chinese characters for an on-line Chinese character recognition (OLCCR) system. With a FAR. a fuzzy attribute graph for each handwritten character is created, and the character recognition process is thus transformed into a simple graph matching problem. This character representation and our proposed recognition method allow us to relax the constraints on stroke order and stroke connection. The graph model provides a generalized character representation that can easily incorporate newly added characters into an OLCCR system with an automatic learning capability. The fuzzy representation can describe the degree of structural deformation in handwritten characters. The character matching algorithm is designed to tolerate structural deformations to some extent. Therefore, even input characters with deformations can be recognized correctly once the reference dictionary of the recognition system has been trained using a few representative learning samples. Experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

An efficient knowledge-based stroke extraction method for multi-font chinese characters

Feature extraction is the most important thing in pattern recognition. Whether it is good or not affects the recognition rate seriously. Selecting the strokes as the features to describe a Chinese character is indeed a powerful approach. But it also suffers from the difficulty of stroke extraction. In this paper, some knowledge about strokes is derived by studying the structure of Chinese characters. This knowledge is then applied to help extract the strokes. The method cannot only heuristically extract strokes but can also heuristically eliminate noises including those added to strokes for artistic sake. Moreover, this method does not use any preprocessing like thinning or other transformations, so its extraction speed is very fast.     

基于笔划包围盒的脱机手写体汉字分割算法

汉字分割是脱机手写体汉字识别预处理的重要部分，改进了基于笔画包围盒的汉字分割算法。根据方向行程长度提取出汉字的笔画，对所得笔画建立包围盒。使用4种基本合并操作得到汉字的粗略的分割。最后使用动态规划的方法实现汉字的精细分割。实验结果表明，该算法较好地解决了汉字分割中的笔画粘连和重叠问题。     

Analysis of stroke structures of handwritten Chinese characters

Most handwritten Chinese character recognition systems suffer from the variations in geometrical features for different writing styles. The stroke structures of different styles have proved to be more consistent than geometrical features. In an on-line recognition system, the stroke structure can be obtained according to the sequences of writing via a pen-based input device such as a tablet. But in an off-line recognition system, the input characters are scanned optically and saved as raster images, so the stroke structure information is not available. In this paper, we propose a method to extract strokes from an off-line handwritten Chinese character. We have developed four new techniques: 1) a new thinning algorithm based on Euclidean distance transformation and gradient oriented tracing, 2) a new line approximation method based on curvature segmentation, 3) artifact removal strategies based on geometrical analysis, and 4) stroke segmentation rules based on splitting, merging and directional analysis. Using these techniques, we can extract and trace the strokes in an off-line handwritten Chinese character accurately and efficiently.     

Thinning and stroke segmentation for handwritten Chinese character recognition

Firstly, a thinning technique by means of stroke tracking is proposed. The method is considered to preserve the straightness of strokes and the length, which is useful for the stroke segmentation procedure on the recognition of handwritten Chinese characters.Secondly, a method for stroke segmentation, i.c. a way of breaking down a character to a set of consecutive partial strokes, is proposed, which works well owing to the favourable properties of the proposed thinning technique. The method consists of five procedures: extraction of feature pixels, calculation of stroke directions, piecewise linear representation of strokes, unification of intersections and extraction of the consecutive partial strokes.     

基于形态学变换的有限集手写体汉字识别

以21个金融汉字为研究对象,提出了一种基于数学形态学和弹性网格技术的特征融合方法.在汉字图像上构造弹性网格,利用形态学变换将汉字分解为4个方向笔画分量,分别提取方向特征和笔画穿透数目特征,然后将这两组特征向量的维数和度量统一后组合成复向量的形式,并采用K-L变换降维,去除冗余信息.该方法无需细化,受笔画不规则变形影响较小.实验证明,是一种有效的特征提取方法.