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以冶炼厂废锌灰为原料,经硫酸浸取,考察了不同工艺条件对锌的浸出率的影响。实验结果表明:锌灰在50℃下浸取,pH值为1.5时,可使锌灰中锌的溶出率达93.5%。碱式碳酸锌最佳水解温度为40℃,水解时间为2 h,pH值为7.5时,溶液中锌含量为12 g/L,得到96%以上的水解率。 相似文献
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《无机盐工业》2018,(11)
为回收利用双氧水生产过程中产生的废弃蒽醌再生催化剂(主要成分为活性α-氧化铝),以乙醇为浸取液,在超声条件下对废弃蒽醌再生催化剂进行超声浸取,再对经浸取后的蒽醌再生剂进行高温焙烧,最后经过盐酸溶解及水解聚合等过程制备了聚氯化铝。考察了超声浸取时间、焙烧温度、盐酸与蒽醌再生催化剂焙烧料固液比、水解聚合pH及水解聚合反应温度等因素对氧化铝溶出率和聚氯化铝中氧化铝含量的影响。结果表明,在乙醇超声浸取2 h、焙烧温度为700℃、盐酸与蒽醌再生催化剂焙烧料质量比为5∶1的条件下,氧化铝溶出率为81.2%;在水解pH为4.0~4.4、水解聚合反应温度为80℃的工艺条件下,得到的聚氯化铝产品中氧化铝质量分数为33%,盐基度为81%。该产品絮凝能力良好,可应用于废水净化处理。 相似文献
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介绍了对炼铁高炉瓦斯污泥中锌的回收技术。采用氨浸法,经过浸取、分离、脱水干燥而得到氧化锌,并对浸取条件作了阐述。浸取率达80%左右,控制浸取液 pH7~8时,锌的回收率可达98%左右,纯度达92%左右。 相似文献
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利用盐酸浸取工业锌灰,所含硫以硫磺形式产出,同时可得高纯氯化锌产品.富氧催化浸取工艺对环境友好,可高效回收有限资源.酸浸锌灰最佳工艺条件:表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠质量浓度为0.2 g/L;盐酸浓度为8.00 mol/L;液固质量比为10∶1;硝酸(催化剂)加入体积为浸取液体积的0.1%;浸取温度为363 K;浸取时间为3 h.在此条件下,锌浸出率达98%以上.如采用工业废酸浸取,并有效回收重金属及副产品硫磺,工业生产成本将会降低,可达到绿色生产之环保目标. 相似文献
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脱氟渣是湿法磷酸在脱氟过程中产生的废渣,其中含有价值的磷、氟。为回收脱氟渣的磷,研究了浸取法分离脱氟渣中磷、氟的工艺。分别以水、碳酸钠溶液作为浸取剂,考察了不同的浸取时间、pH值、温度、液固比及2级浸取条件下,脱氟渣中P_2O_5、F的浸出率和浸出液的磷氟比(P_2O_5/F)。结果表明:在水浸取体系,适宜的条件是浸取时间为30 min、液固比为2∶1、温度为30℃,P_2O_5和F的浸出率分别为92.38%、11.56%,浸出液的P_2O_5/F为9.54;在碱浸取体系,适宜的条件是浸取时间为30 min,液固比为3∶1、pH值为3.8、温度为25℃,P_2O_5和F的浸出率分别为75.68%、1.49%,P_2O_5/F为61.36;二级浸取能减少浸取剂的用量,并有效地降低F的浸出率。将水浸出液浓缩能有效地提高P_2O_5/F,可以得到饲料级MCP生产所需的磷酸。 相似文献
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以废弃防腐涂料为原料,在湿法冶金工艺的基础上,结合原料特点,提出酸浸-萃取-电积的湿法冶炼清洁生产工艺回收废料中的金属锌。结果表明,最佳工艺条件:用浓度2 mol/L的硫酸溶液,浸取时间为2 h,浸取温度为25℃,液固比为15∶1的条件下,锌的浸出率为62.36%;在pH值为4,有机相配比为2∶8(质量分数20%的P204与80%煤油),油水相比为1∶1的条件下,萃取率可达48.48%。然后经过萃取和反萃可获得符合锌电积要求的硫酸锌溶液,最后电积得到锌粉(质量分数99.99%),回收率可达96.5%,是一种节能、经济、环保的新工艺。 相似文献
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The optical spectra of zinc aluminate (ZnAl2 O4 ), zinc gallate (ZnGa2 O4 ), and zinc aluminogallate (ZnAlGaO4 ) spinel powders were studied at wavelengths in the range of 250-900 nm using reflectance spectroscopy. The ZnAl2 O4 and ZnGa2 O4 powders were synthesized by using conventional ceramic processing techniques and had systematic variations in the molar ratio of ZnO to M2 O3 (M = Al or Ga). The cubic spinel crystal structure of each composition was confirmed via powder X-ray diffractometry. The ZnAl2 O4 powders showed optical properties in the ultraviolet wavelength region and had combined characteristics that were similar to that of ZnO (wurtzite structure) and Al2 O3 (corundum structure), which result from the similar local environments of the zinc and aluminum cations within the cubic spinel crystal structure. A mechanically induced optical absorption (optomechanical effect) in the ultraviolet wavelength region was also observed in ZnAl2 O4 . The ZnGa2 O4 powder followed a similar behavior, with the exception that the optomechanical effect did not occur in the gallate. The ZnAlGaO4 showed optical spectra that were intermediate to that of the endpoint compositions. 相似文献
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锌灰中锌含量的测定方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了在pH5-6的HAc-NaAc介质中,用抗坏敌国酸、硫代硫酸钠、氟化钠为掩蔽剂以解决测定锌灰中锌含量时Fe^3 、Al^3 ,Cu^2 等离子对测定结果的干扰问题,并考察了掩蔽剂的用量,确定了在此体系中使用上述三种掩蔽剂以二甲酚橙为指示剂,用EDTA直接测定锌灰中锌含量,并测定了回收率,结果令人满意。 相似文献
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Zinc Vanadates in Vanadium Oxide-Doped Zinc Oxide Varistors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Huey-Hoon Hng Kevin M. Knowles Paul A. Midgley 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2001,84(2):435-41
Convergent-beam electron diffraction has been used to determine the space groups of β- and γ-Zn3 (VO4 )2 particles in vanadium oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors. The crystal structure of β-Zn3 (VO4 )2 has been determined to be monoclinic with space group P 21 and lattice parameters of a = 9.80 Å, b = 8.34 Å, c = 10.27 Å, and β= 115.8°, whereas that of γ-Zn3 (VO4 )2 is monoclinic with space group Cm and a = 10.40 Å, b = 8.59 Å, c = 9.44 Å, and β= 98.8°. Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis of these two phases shows significant deviations from their expected stoichiometry. It is apparent that the β-phase is, in fact, the metastable Zn4 V2 O9 phase, whereas the γ-phase either is a new oxide that consists of zinc, vanadium, and manganese or, more likely, is a zinc vanadate phase with a Zn:V atomic ratio of 1:1 that has the ability to go into solid solution with manganese. 相似文献
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Zinc vaporization of Mn-Zn ferrites was quantitatively characterized in terms of oxygen partial pressure P O2 , temperature, grain size and sample geometry. The amount of zinc loss was measured as a function of time at various temperatures by a thermogravimetric method. The weight loss due to irreversible zinc vaporization showed a linear behavior with time and increased exponentially with temperature. The observed weight loss due to zinc evaporation at 1100°C was small, whereas a significant weight change was detected at 1200°C. The weight loss was even greater in a reducing atmosphere ( P O2 = 5 × 10−5 ). Below 1300°C, the diffusion of elemental zinc was sufficiently fast to compensate the zinc loss at the interface region, resulting in a linear dependence on time. At temperatures ≥1400°C, the weight change no longer followed the linear dependence and showed a rather parabolic behavior with a concave upward slope. The core shape and the gas flow around ferrite cores were important factors that affected the rate of zinc vaporization, but not the grain size. 相似文献
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首次采用锌浮渣为原料,利用平衡气量控制法制备了四脚状氧化锌晶须(T-ZnOw),探讨了原料、反应温度和反应器密封程度等因素对产物ZnO结晶结构和形貌的影响,并采用XRD, FE-SEM、表面能谱(EDS)对其结构和形貌进行了测试表征. 结果表明,具有完整结构的四脚状晶须产品仅由Zn和O组成,O原子数少于化学计量比,且核心部位O含量最低;制备具有规整结构的四脚状氧化锌晶须的最佳反应温度为900℃;以不同锌品位的锌浮渣为原料制备的产品均为具有六方纤锌矿结构的结晶完整的氧化锌,但产品形貌和四脚状晶须的产率受原料中氧化锌含量和Sb含量的影响. 研究表明,制备四脚状氧化锌晶须是锌二次资源回收利用的一条高附加值的途径. 相似文献