喷雾转换法制备超细晶WC-12Co复合粉末HVOF涂层性能研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)技术,以喷雾转换法制备的超细晶WC-12Co复合粉末为热喷涂粉末原料,在45#钢基体上制备WC-12Co涂层,并测试涂层的显微硬度、开裂韧性及抗磨粒磨损性能,利用XRD对复合粉末及涂层进行相结构分析,用SEM对复合粉末及涂层截面进行显微观察。结果表明,在喷涂过程中,多孔空壳球形复合粉末中WC颗粒有明显的脱碳分解发生,涂层中含有W2C、Co2W4C、W和非晶相;涂层组织呈典型的层状结构,WC晶粒有圆润化和长大现象;涂层显微硬度HV0.3/10平均值为1 084、开裂韧性平均值为5.24 MPa·m1/2,涂层表面抗磨损性能随粗糙度降低和硬度增加而提高,平均磨损质量损失为0.783mg/min。     

喷涂距离对超音速火焰喷涂WC10Co4Cr涂层沉积效率及耐磨粒磨损性能的影响

以-45~+15μm WC10Co4Cr团聚烧结球形喷涂粉末为原料,采用GTV超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)系统K2喷枪,通过改变喷涂距离(300、340和380 mm)制备3种涂层,应用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、显微硬度计等表征涂层结构和性能。结果表明:随喷涂距离减小,WC10Co4Cr涂层孔隙率降低、显微硬度增加、耐磨粒磨损性能增强,但粉末的沉积效率降低;喷涂距离为300~380 mm时,WC10Co4Cr涂层的物相组成均为WC、W2C及少量非晶相;喷涂距离为300~340 mm时,WC10Co4Cr涂层显微硬度和耐磨粒磨损性能变化较小;结合磨损区域中心位置的微观结构、涂层物理性能和表面粗糙度变化,探讨WC10Co4Cr涂层的磨粒磨损和喷涂距离的影响机制。     

WC粉末粒度对超音速火焰喷涂WC-CoCr涂层组织性能的影响

采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)工艺制备了纳米结构、双峰结构和常规结构3种WC-CoCr复合涂层。探讨了不同WC粉末粒度对涂层沉积过程的脱碳行为、涂层微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随WC颗粒尺寸减小,涂层脱碳率增大,W_2C含量增加,孔隙率降低,涂层的显微硬度和界面结合强度增大;但是纳米结构涂层中粘结相的非晶化现象严重,断裂韧度显著下降;双峰结构涂层因纳米、亚微米WC颗粒的合理搭配和协同效应表现出最好的断裂韧性,同时兼具较高的显微硬度和界面结合强度。     

HVOF喷涂超细结构WC-12Co涂层磨粒磨损性能

以喷雾转换法制备的球壳形WC-12Co复合粉为原料,采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)在45~#钢上制备超细结构WC-12Co涂层,并测试涂层的显微硬度、开裂韧性。利用XRD、SEM和磨损试验机分析涂层物相组成、微观结构和耐磨损性能。结果表明:多孔球壳形WC-12Co复合粉在HVOF喷涂过程中发生了中度脱碳,涂层中不仅含有WC、W_2C相,还有少量W相;涂层微观结构致密,组织呈岩层状,截面平均显微硬度HV_(0.3)为1 205.5、平均开裂韧性为4.96 MPa·m~(1/2);磨损过程中,粘结相被SiO_2犁削出非连续状槽沟,WC晶粒剥离或裂解出的细小WC晶粒成为新的磨粒,对粗大晶粒产生磨削或积于裂纹处加剧开裂。     

WC-Co(Cr)超音速火焰喷涂粉末和涂层性能

采用喷雾造粒和真空烧结工艺制备粒度15~45μm的WC-12%Co(WC12Co)、WC-17%Co(WC17Co)、WC-10%Co-4%Cr(WC10Co4Cr)球形喷涂粉末,并采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)法在同一喷涂参数下制备WC12Co,WC17Co,WC10Co4Cr涂层,应用金相显微镜、X-射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、显微硬度计等表征粉末和涂层的结构和性能。结果表明:制备的3种碳化钨基喷涂粉末球形度高,流动性好(~13s/50g),松装密度接近(4.8~5.0 g/cm3),粉末物相均为WC和Co相,各粉末微观结构和物理性能均满足液体燃料HVOF喷涂要求;3种粉末制备的涂层的沉积率高(52%~55%)、孔隙率低(1.1%)、显微硬度高(1200~1 300 HV300g);各涂层脱碳程度小,涂层物相均为WC、W2C和非晶或纳米晶相;相同喷涂工艺下WC17Co、WC12Co、WC10Co4Cr涂层的耐磨粒磨损性能依次增强,同时WC10Co4Cr涂层具有较强的耐盐雾腐蚀性能。     

WC粒度对超音速火焰喷涂WC-10Co-4Cr涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用制粒?高温快速烧结法制备两种分别含亚微米级和微米级WC粒径的WC-10Co-4Cr喷涂粉末,并用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)技术在45#钢基体上制备涂层;利用扫描电子显微镜和电化学工作站分别对涂层的显微形貌及耐腐蚀性能进行分析检测,探讨WC粒度对涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响和涂层的电化学腐蚀机理。研究结果表明：两种涂层组织致密,界面结合良好;含亚微米级WC粒径的涂层具有相对较低的孔隙率,使其涂层的耐腐蚀性能优于含微米级WC粒径的涂层。在3.5%NaCl溶液中涂层的硬质相WC和粘结相Co发生电偶腐蚀,且低电位的Co相优先腐蚀,导致WC颗粒脱落,出现凹坑及点蚀现象。     

低温超音速火焰喷涂纳米WC-10Co4Cr涂层的显微结构和性能

以纳米和微米WC-10Co4Cr粉末为热喷涂粉末,采用低温超音速火焰喷涂（LT-HVOF）和超音速火焰喷涂（HVOF）技术制备了WC-10Co4Cr涂层,采用SEM、XRD、和显微硬度仪等对LT-HVOF WC涂层显微结构和性能进行了表征.结果表明：n-WC涂层、lm-WC涂层的显微结构与普通超音速火焰喷涂WC涂层没有明显的区别,其主晶相为WC; m-WC涂层呈明显的层状结构,涂层中WC颗粒尖端发生了钝化和部分熔化,粒径变小,并形成了WC/的核壳结构;其主晶相为.n-WC涂层显微硬度较lm-WC涂层低,但其韧度高而使涂层的磨损失重最低;m-WC涂层的显微硬度和韧度最低,磨损失重最大.     

超音速火焰喷涂WC-12Co涂层抗磨粒磨损性能研究

采用超音速火焰（HVOF）喷涂工艺在316L不锈钢基体上制备了WC-12Co涂层,测试了涂层的结合强度、显微硬度、气孔率以及抗磨粒磨损性能。并利用XRD对喷涂粉末及涂层进行了相结构分析,用扫描电子显微镜对喷涂粉末、磨粒磨损前后的涂层表面形貌进行了观察。结果表明：在喷涂过程中,仅有很少量的WC粒子发生氧化脱碳。涂层的结合强度和显微硬度高,组织结构致密。在相同的实验条件下,316L的磨粒磨损量是WC-12Co涂层的95倍,这表明HVOF制备的WC-12Co涂层具有优异的抗磨粒磨损性能。     

超音速火焰喷涂WC-12Co涂层抗磨粒磨损性能研究

采用超音速火焰(HVOF)喷涂工艺在316L不锈钢基体上制备了WC-12Co涂层,测试了涂层的结合强度、显微硬度、气孔率以及抗磨粒磨损性能。并利用XRD对喷涂粉末及涂层进行了相结构分析,用扫描电子显微镜对喷涂粉末、磨粒磨损前后的涂层表面形貌进行了观察。结果表明:在喷涂过程中,仅有很少量的WC粒子发生氧化脱碳。涂层的结合强度和显微硬度高,组织结构致密。在相同的实验条件下,316L的磨粒磨损量是WC-12Co涂层的95倍,这表明HVOF制备的WC-12Co涂层具有优异的抗磨粒磨损性能。     

热处理对超音速火焰喷涂增材制造9Cr18Ni12/WC10Co4Cr流道微观结构和空蚀性能的影响

超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)能够制备金属陶瓷复合涂层，是一种潜在的增材制造技术(AM)技术。以9Cr18Ni12和WC10Co4Cr粉末为原材料，采用HVOF制备9Cr18Ni12/WC10Co4Cr金属基复合材料流道，通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、显微硬度仪及超声波空蚀试验等方法分析了热处理对金属基复合材料流道的相成分、微观组织结构、硬度及耐空蚀性能的影响。结果表明，流道的平均孔隙率为1.34%，经热处理后升高至3.40%。在热处理后复合材料流道的相组成与喷涂态相比没有出现新相，内部颗粒边界由于热处理发生了边界熔合现象。复合材料流道的显微硬度为HV_0.3 (394.8±47.3)，该值随热处理温度变化幅度较小。在进行热处理之后，复合材料流道在空蚀试验中的质量累积损失从(6.2±0.08) mg下降到(3.6±0.06) mg，表明热处理显著提高了金属基复合材料流道的耐空蚀性能。该研究为探索一种新的金属基复合材料AM技术提供了基础实验数据。     

三种热喷涂工艺制备WC/Co涂层性能比较

分析比较了常规大气等离子喷涂、爆炸喷涂和超音速火焰喷涂的WC/Co涂层的形貌、显微组织、孔隙率、硬度、结合强度及其耐磨性。结果表明,超音速火焰喷涂和爆炸喷涂层性能相当,涂层具有与粉末相近的相结构,与大气等离子喷涂相比,涂层具有高的致密度、硬度和良好的耐磨性,涂层与基体的结合情况也得到很大的改善。     

用于瓦楞辊防护的WC-12Co涂层组织和性能研究

采用团聚烧结法制备了一种含有纳米粒子的新型瓦楞辊专用WC-12Co喷涂粉末,并使用超音速火焰喷涂工艺（HVOF）制备了该粉末的两种涂层。测试了涂层的结合强度、显微硬度、气孔率、开裂韧性和单道次沉积厚度。并利用XRD对喷涂粉末及涂层进行了相结构分析,用扫描电子显微镜和金相显微镜对喷涂粉末、涂层的组织结构进行了观察,并与进...     

Near-nanostructured WC-18 pct Co coatings with low amounts of non-WC carbide phase: Part I. Synthesis and characterization

Near-nanostructured WC-18 pct Co coatings, with low amounts of non-WC carbide phases, have been synthesized using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying under spraying conditions of varying fuel chemistry, fuel-oxygen ratio, and powder particle size. The results show that the temperature the particles experience during spraying depends on the preceding parameters. Compared to available published results on WC-Co system coatings, nanostructured WC-18 pct Co coatings, synthesized in these experiments, contain very low amounts of non-WC carbide phase (less than 10 pct vol). This is comparable to that of the conventional WC-12 pct Co coating, prepared in the present study for comparison purposes. Regardless of whether the binder phase in the agglomerated feedstock powder particles melt or not, the WC particles do not appear to experience significant growth as a result of the spraying. The size of WC particles remains in the 200 to 500 nm range, consistent with that present in the feedstock powder. The as-received near-nanostructured WC-18 pct Co feedstock powder exhibits morphological characteristics that lead to low amounts of non-WC carbide phases in the coatings. The microstructure and phase constitution of the coatings depend on particle size of the feedstock powder and flame characteristics of the fuels during spraying. A higher particle temperature causes more decomposition of the WC phase but reduces porosity in the coatings, this occurs with higher flame temperature and smaller particle sizes. Propylene fuel produces less decomposition of the WC phase despite the higher flame temperature and, thus, provides the best combination of dense coating with low amount of non-WC phase.     

一种新型WC-12Co粉末喷涂工艺优化与涂层性能研究

采用JP-8000型超音速火焰(HVOF)喷涂设备,在低碳钢基体上采用新型WC-12Co粉末和不同喷涂工艺参数制备了5种涂层,测试了涂层的结合强度、显微硬度、气孔率、开裂韧性和单道次沉积厚度.并利用XRD对喷涂粉末及涂层进行了相结构分析,用扫描电子显微镜和金相显微镜对喷涂粉末、涂层的组织结构进行了观察.结果表明:该粉末...     

高速火焰喷涂WC-Co飞行粒子与涂层的物相分析

本文用高速火焰喷涂方法(HVOF)对WC-Co粉末进行喷涂,采用水冷法对喷涂中的飞行粒子进行收集,并以45#钢为基体制备了相应涂层。采用聚焦离子束(FIB)切割的方法,分别制备了粉末、飞行粒子和涂层的薄片状透射电镜样品。采用能谱检测了样品中各元素的分布情况,选区电子衍射法鉴定了样品中的物相。结果表明,W和C元素在喷涂过程中向Co基体中扩散,在冷却过程中与Co形成非晶相。η相在WC颗粒的边缘形成。     

Optimizing High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel-Sprayed WC–17Co Coating Using Taguchi Experimental Design to Improve Tribological Properties

High-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying is one of the best methods for depositing conventional WC–Co cermets. The aim of the present work was to optimize the WC–17Co coating deposited using HVOF spraying process. Taguchi fractional factorial experimental design (L18) and ANOVA were used to optimize the process parameters. Seven factors (spray distance, oxygen flow rate, carrier gas flow rate, powder feed rate, coating thickness, substrate preheat temperature and grit type) were selected. Grit type had two levels, and the others had three levels. The coating properties measured were wear resistance, microhardness and roughness. Pin-on-disk wear tests were used for measuring wear. Scanning electron micrographs were used to investigate the cross sections of the coatings and the morphology of the as-sprayed coatings, and their relationship between the process parameters and energy-dispersive X-ray was used to analyze the coatings. In Taguchi method, “lower the better” quality was used for optimizing roughness and “higher the better” quality was used for optimizing wear resistance and microhardness. The most influential factor on increasing wear resistance and microhardness was powder feed rate and on reducing the roughness was oxygen flow rate. In addition, the influence of grit type on wear resistance and microhardness and the influences of grit type and substrate preheat temperature on the coating roughness were negligible.     

A Comparison of Wear Due to Abrasion of WC–Ni Coatings on Aluminium Alloy Sprayed by HVOF and Detonation Gun

In this investigation, aluminum alloy is coated with WC–Ni layer deposited by detonation spraying and high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) spraying. The important features of microstructure and hardness of the coating are characterized extensively. The wear rates of the coating due to abrasion are determined for different applied loads. The worn coatings are examined under scanning electron microscopy. A correlation is established between the wear rates of the coatings due to abrasion and hardness. The results show that abrasion action takes place by both particle rolling and particle sliding. Fracture of particles during abrasion increases wear rate. In general, the wear rate due to abrasion is higher for the coating deposited by detonation spraying than that of coating deposited by HVOF spraying.     

超音速火焰喷涂技术制备的双峰WC–CoCr涂层磨粒磨损特性

采用超音速火焰喷涂(high velocity oxy-fuel,HVOF)工艺分别制备了双峰结构和常规结构的WC–CoCr复合涂层。比较了不同结构WC–CoCr涂层的组织结构、显微硬度和断裂韧性;在涂层磨粒磨损实验的基础上,探讨了双峰结构WC–CoCr涂层的磨损机理。结果表明:与常规结构的WC–CoCr复合涂层相比,在由含质量分数30%超细WC粉末制备的双峰结构涂层中,WC在黏结相中溶解最多,断裂韧性最低;由含质量分数50%超细WC粉末制备的双峰结构涂层最致密,显微硬度与断裂韧性最高,耐磨粒磨损性能最优良。