鳞片石墨填充PA66导热复合材料的性能

利用鳞片石墨(FG)的高导热性能,采用熔融共混法将鳞片石墨填充于聚酰胺66(PA66)中,制备出FG/PA66导热复合材料,研究了石墨填充量以及粒径对复合材料导热性能和力学性能的影响。研究表明:随着FG填充量的增加,复合材料的导热率显著增加,而力学性能逐渐降低。当填充量为50%时,导热率达到了3.07 W/(m·K),是纯PA66的12.3倍。力学性能在50%填充量时为最小值,拉伸强度和冲击强度分别为59.3 MPa和3.03 kJ/m~2。在相同填充量下,复合材料的导热率随着粒径增大而增大,当鳞片石墨的填充量为40%,填料粒径为150μm时,导热率达到最大值,为2.38 W/(m·K)。力学性能随粒径变化呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当粒径为100μm时,复合材料的力学性能最佳。     

鳞片石墨填充比对PP/HDPE/POE复合材料性能的影响

聚丙烯/聚乙烯/聚烯烃弹性体(PP/HDPE/POE)三元共混体是一种新型导热高分子基体材料,碳类填料可改变其热学性能和力学性能。选用配比为68:17:15的PP/HDPE/POE共混材料作为基材,通过添加粒径为15μm鳞片石墨制备聚合物导热材料,采用新型非对称同向双螺杆挤出机,对不同石墨填充比例对材料的热学性能和力学性能的影响开展了实验研究。结果表明:随着鳞片石墨填充量增多,复合材料流动性变差,热稳定性变好,耐热变形能力得到了提升,热导率也得到了极大改善;同时,复合材料拉伸强度将先减小后增大,材料刚性将逐渐增强,弯曲性能将逐渐提高,但拉伸韧性和冲击韧性将逐渐下降。     

石墨掺杂装配式结构水泥基复合材料的制备与性能研究

以石墨为掺料、水泥砂浆为基体材料制备了石墨掺杂装配式结构水泥基复合材料,考察了石墨掺量和石墨掺入方式对复合材料抗折强度、抗压强度和导热性能的影响.结果表明,无论是普通搅拌工艺试块还是超高速搅拌工艺试块,随着石墨掺量从0％增加至12％,试块的7 d抗折强度都呈现逐渐减小的趋势,试块的28 d抗折强度都呈现先增加后减小的特征;随着石墨掺量的增加,试块的7 d和28 d抗压强度都呈现逐渐减小的趋势.无论是普通搅拌工艺试块还是超高速搅拌工艺试块,随着石墨掺量从0％增加至12％,试块的28 d导热系数都呈现逐渐升高的趋势;石墨掺量为7％的石墨掺杂水泥基复合材料具有最佳的抗折强度、抗压强度与导热系数组合.     

石墨及其表面改性对硅橡胶导热性能的影响

用双辊混炼机将导热填料分散到聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷中,再配以增强剂、硫化剂等,经模压硫化制得导热硅橡胶。研究了导热填料种类、石墨的表面改性和用量以及石墨与炭黑的复配对硅橡胶导热性和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在用量相同的情况下,导热填料的导热系数越高,其填充硅橡胶的导热性越好,且硅橡胶的导热系数随导热填料用量的增加而增大。石墨的表面改性改善了石墨与硅橡胶的界面相容性,使硅橡胶的力学性能和导热性都得到提高。不同粒径及颗粒形态的炭黑与石墨复合可改善硅橡胶的导热性和力学性能,导热硅橡胶的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率随复合填料中炭黑用量的增加而提高,当石墨与炭黑质量比为25/5时,硅橡胶的导热系数最高,综合性能较好。     

新型水泥基复合材料的制备及应力对其力学和热电性能的影响

通过碳纤维耦合膨胀石墨的方法制备了碳纤维/膨胀石墨水泥基复合材料,考察了外加环境载荷对复合材料力学性能和热电性能的影响。结果表明,单独添加1.2%碳纤维或者复合添加1.2%碳纤维+5%膨胀石墨都会减小水泥基体的抗压强度;外加应力的存在会减小碳纤维/膨胀石墨水泥基复合材料的Seebeck系数并增加电导率。ZT值随温度的变化趋势与功率因数随温度的变化趋势相同;随着外加应力的增加,碳纤维/膨胀石墨水泥基复合材料的功率因数和ZT值都呈现先减小,后增大然后再减小的特征,在外加应力为4 MPa时取得功率因数和ZT最小值。     

硬硅钙石板的制备及性能研究

采用廉价原料和简单工艺制备了具有高强度和低导热系数的硬硅钙石板复合材料,重点研究了成型压力、玻璃纤维添加量等因素对硬硅钙石板的隔热性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明:随着成型压力的增大,硬硅钙石板样品的密度、导热系数、抗压强度及抗折强度都逐渐增大;随着短切玻璃纤维添加量的增加,硬硅钙石板样品的密度和导热系数基本保持不变,抗压强度及抗折强度则呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势.当成型压力和短切玻璃纤维添加量分别为30 MPa和5％(wt)时,硬硅钙石板的导热系数为0.114 W·m-1·K-1,抗压强度和抗折强度分别达到20.17 MPa和7.22 MPa.     

聚对苯二甲酰癸二胺导热复合材料性能的研究

通过双螺杆挤出机制备出石墨/聚对苯二甲酰癸二胺(PA10T)和石墨烯/PA10T导热复合材料,研究了石墨和石墨烯对复合材料力学性能和导热性能的影响。研究发现:导热复合材料的拉伸强度和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度随着导热填料含量的增加呈现先增大后减小的变化,而弯曲模量和导热系数随导热填料含量的增加而增加。与石墨相比,添加更少量的石墨烯即可以显著提高复合材料的力学性能和导热性能。     

碳化硅/环氧树脂导热复合材料的制备与性能

采用浇铸成型法制备碳化硅/环氧树脂(SiC/EP)导热复合材料,研究了SiC种类、粒径、用量和表面改性方法对SiC/EP复合材料的导热性能、力学性能和热性能等影响。结果表明:SiC/EP复合材料的导热系数随纳米级SiC用量增加而增大,当φ(纳米级SiC)=17.80%时,导热系数为0.954 6 W/(m.K);SiC/EP复合材料的弯曲强度和冲击强度随纳米级SiC用量增加均呈先升后降态势,当φ(纳米级SiC)=3.50%时,两者均达到最大值。SiC经表面改性后可有效提高复合材料的导热性能和力学性能,并且改性SiC的加入可有效降低EP的玻璃化转变温度。     

石墨填充聚丙烯导热复合材料

聚丙烯(PP)与石墨通过双螺杆共混挤出制备了导热复合材料。研究表明:复合材料的热导率随石墨含量的增加而增加;在相同石墨含量下,高碳石墨填充聚丙烯比低碳石墨填充聚丙烯的热导率提高了10.9%;采用小粒径的石墨比大粒径石墨将复合材料的热导率提高了19%;钛酸酯偶联剂可以改善石墨与聚丙烯的相容性并提高复合材料的热导率,当偶联剂含量为1份时,热导率提高了12%;同时在鳞片石墨中复合添加膨胀石墨也可以提高复合材料的热导率;导热通路形成会伴随着聚合物熔体流动性能的降低。     

石墨/NR导热复合材料的研究

分别采用可膨胀石墨、粉碎后的可膨胀石墨和膨胀石墨制备石墨/NR导热复合材料,研究石墨品种和用量对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明,随着石墨用量的增大,填充可膨胀石墨、粉碎后的可膨胀石墨和膨胀石墨复合材料的物理性能均有不同程度下降,填充膨胀石墨复合材料的热导率增大,填充可膨胀石墨或粉碎后可膨胀石墨复合材料的热导率先增大后减小.当石墨用量相同时,填充膨胀石墨复合材料的热导率高于填充可膨胀石墨或粉碎后的可膨胀石墨复合材料.石墨/NR复合材料压缩疲劳温升与热导率的正相关性较好.     

新型导电复合材料性能的研究

以石墨与环氧树脂为原料通过模压成型得到一种新型导电复合材料,考察了石墨粒径、环氧树脂含量及固化时间对导电复合材料性能的影响。试验结果表明,石墨粒径的减小有利于复合材料强度的提高;环氧树脂含量的增加使复合材料的强度明显提高,而导电性能却下降;并且探讨了复合材料性能随不同固化时间而变化的情况．得到了最佳固化时间。     

高热导率聚丙烯/石墨复合材料的制备与性能

为了提高聚丙烯(PP)的导热性能,扩大其使用范围,采用价格低廉的商用石墨对PP进行改性,利用转矩流变仪制备了PP/石墨导热复合材料。研究了粒径为2μm和20μm的石墨及其复配对复合材料热导率及力学性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的热导率随着石墨用量的增加而显著增大,20μm石墨填充的复合材料热导率高于2μm石墨填充的复合材料;由于石墨的各向异性,层内热导率远高于层间热导率;将两种粒径的石墨复配,固定石墨总质量分数为40%,当2μm石墨与20μm石墨质量比为1︰5时,复合材料层间和层内热导率达到最大,分别为1.125 W/(m·K)和2.897 W/(m·K),比相同用量下单一2μm石墨填充PP分别提高了121%和61%,比单一20μm石墨填充PP分别提高了3.6%和20%。随石墨用量增加,单一粒径石墨填充的复合材料拉伸强度和弯曲强度呈现先减小后增大的趋势,随复配填料中20μm石墨用量增加,复配填料填充复合材料的力学性能呈下降趋势,但弯曲强度变化不大,拉伸强度也在10 MPa以上。     

不同粒径氮化硼填充环氧树脂/玻璃纤维绝缘导热复合材料的研究

以聚砜改性环氧树脂为基体,通过高温模压制备了环氧树脂/玻璃纤维/氮化硼复合材料,研究了不同粒径及不同氮化硼导热粒子用量对复合材料导热性能、力学性能和电性能的影响。结果表明,大粒径粒子有利于复合材料力学性能的提高,小粒径有利于导热性能的提高;随着氮化硼用量的增加,复合材料的导热性能升高,力学性能呈现先增后降趋势,当氮化硼用量为10%(质量分数,下同)时,复合材料的冲击强度和弯曲强度均达到最佳,当氮化硼用量为20%时,复合材料仍保持较好的电性能。     

Epoxy resin/plasticized carbon black composites. Part I. Electrical and thermal properties and their applications

The development of conductive polymer composites remains an important endeavor in light of growing energy concerns. A conducting polymer composite in the presence of plasticized carbon black (CB) and epoxy resin has been developed. Room temperature electrical conductivity, mobility carriers (μ), and number of charges (N) increase by increasing CB content. Electrical conductivity–temperature dependence of the composite was investigated and negative temperature coefficient of conductivity (NTC) behavior of the composites was revealed. The mechanism of the NTC effect in materials is related to the thermal expansion of the epoxy matrix and barriers height energy. The current–voltage behavior of epoxy/CB composites shows a switching effect and the mechanism of negative resistance is interpreted in details. Thermal conductivity (γ) increases with increasing filler content and the experimental data was compared with a theoretical model based on energy balance equation. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Improved thermal conductivity for chemically functionalized exfoliated graphite/epoxy composites

Chemically functionalized exfoliated graphite-filled epoxy composites were prepared with load levels from 2% to 20% by weight. The viscosities of the composites having load levels >4% by weight were over the processing window for the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding process. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction revealed a rhombohedral carbon structure in the filler. Enhanced interaction between the epoxy and the graphite filler was evidenced by an improvement in the rubber modulus for the chemically functionalized graphite/epoxy composites. The thermal and electrical properties of the nanoparticle-filled epoxy composites were measured. The electrical property of the chemically functionalized graphite/epoxy composite deteriorated. Thermal conductivity of the chemically functionalized graphite/epoxy composite, however, increased by 28-fold over the pure epoxy resin at the 20% by-weight load level, increasing from 0.2 to 5.8 W/m K.     

环氧树脂/氧化锌晶须/氮化硼导热绝缘复合材料的研究

以环氧树(脂EP)为基体,分别以氧化锌晶(须ZnOw)和ZnOw/氮化硼(BN)混合物为导热填料,制备了EP导热绝缘复合材料。研究了填料含量对复合材料导热性能、电绝缘性能及力学性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜对复合材料的断面形貌进行了观察。结果表明:随着导热填料含量的增大,复合材料的导热系数和介电常数增大,体积电阻率下降,而拉伸强度呈先增大后减小的趋势;在填料含量相同的情况下,EP/ZnOw/BN复合材料比EP/ZnOw复合材料具有更好的导热性能;当填料体积分数为15%时,EP/ZnOw/BN复合材料的热导率为1.06W/(mK)而,EP/ZnOw复合材料的热导率仅为0.98W/(mK)。     

Fabrication of electrically conductive polymer composites for bipolar plate by two‐step compression molding technique

Electrically conductive polymer composites for bipolar plate were fabricated by two‐step compression molding technique. Raw materials consisted of natural graphite flakes (G), expanded graphite (EG), carbon black (CB), and phenol resin (PF). The G/EG/CB/PF composites were first compressed at a temperature lower than curing point (100°C) and then cured at a high temperature above curing point (150°C) and high pressure (10 MPa). Results showed that G and EG are oriented in the direction parallel to the composite plate surface. CB is dispersed not only in the phenol resin matrix but also in the packing and porous space of G and EG. The addition of EG and CB significantly increases number of the electrical channels and thus enhances the electrical conductivity of the composite. Under optimal conditions, electrical conductivity and flexural strength of the composite were 2.80 × 10⁴ S/m and 55 MPa, respectively, suggesting that the dipolar plates prepared by two‐step compression molding technique are adequate to meet the requirement of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2296–2302, 2013     

Synergistic Effects of Carbon Fillers of Phenolic Resin Based Composite Bipolar Plates on the Performance of PEM Fuel Cell

The most essential and costly component of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is the bipolar plate. The production of suitable composite bipolar plates for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with good mechanical properties and high electrical conductivity is scientifically and technically very challenging. This paper reports the development of composite bipolar plates using exfoliated graphite, carbon black, and graphite powder in resole‐typed phenol formaldehyde. The exfoliated graphite with maximum exfoliated volume of 570 ± 10 mL g⁻¹ used in this study was prepared by microwave irradiation of chemically intercalated natural flake graphite in a few minutes. The composite plates were prepared by varying exfoliated graphite content from 10 to 35 wt.% in phenolic resin along with fixed weight percentage of carbon black (5 wt.%) and graphite powder (3 wt.%) by compression molding. The composite plates with filler weight percentage of 35/5/3/exfoliated graphite/carbon black/graphite powder offer in‐plane and trough‐plane electrical conductivities of 374.42 and 97.32 S cm⁻¹, bulk density 1.58 g cm⁻³, compressive strength 70.43 MPa, flexural strength 61.82 MPa, storage modulus 10.25 GPa, microhardness 73.23 HV and water absorption 0.22%. Further, I–V characteristics notify that exfoliated graphite/carbon black/graphite powder/resin composite bipolar plates in unit fuel cell shows better cell performance compared exfoliated graphite/resin composite bipolar plates. The composite plates own desired mechanical properties with low bulk density, high electrical conductivity, and good thermal stability as per the U.S. department of energy targets at low filler concentration and can be used as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.     

环氧树脂/碳纤维/BN导热复合材料制备及研究

采用高温模压成型法制备环氧树脂/碳纤/BN导热复合材料.探讨了BN用量对复合材料导热性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明,当BN用量为6%(wt)时,复合材料的弯曲强度和剪切强度较佳,BN用量对复合材料的冲击强度影响不大;导热性能随BN用量的增加而增加,当BN用量为20%(wt)时,导热系数为0.8438W/m·K.     

Synergistic effects of carbon fillers in electrically and thermally conductive liquid crystal polymer based resins

Adding conductive carbon fillers to insulating thermoplastic resins increases composite electrical and thermal conductivity. Often, as much of a single type of carbon filler is added to achieve the desired conductivity, while still allowing the material to be molded into a bipolar plate for a fuel cell. In this study, varying amounts of three different carbons (carbon black, synthetic graphite particles, and carbon fiber) were added to Vectra A950RX Liquid Crystal Polymer. The resulting single filler composites were tested for electrical resistivity (1/electrical conductivity) and thermal conductivity. In addition, the effects of single fillers and combinations of two different carbon fillers were studied via a factorial design. The results indicated that for the composites containing only single fillers, synthetic graphite, followed by carbon fiber, cause a statistically significant decrease in composite electrical resistivity. Composites containing only synthetic graphite, followed by carbon black, and then carbon fiber cause a statistically significant increase in thermal conductivity. For the combinations of two different fillers, the composites containing carbon black/synthetic graphite and synthetic graphite/carbon fiber had a statistically significant and positive effect on thermal conductivity. It is possible that thermally conductive pathways are formed that “link” these carbon fillers, which results in increased composite thermal conductivity. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers