Topology optimization of dielectric substrates for filters and antennas using SIMP

Summary In this paper a novel design procedure based on the integration of full wave Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and a topology design method employing Sequential Linear Programming (SLP) is introduced. The employed design method is the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) technique formulated as a general non-linear optimization problem. SLP is used to solve the optimization problem with the sensitivity analysis based on the adjoint variable method for complex variables. A key aspect of the proposed design method is the integration of optimization tools with a fast simulator based on the finite element-boundary integral (FE-BI) method. The capability of the design method is demonstrated by two design examples. First, we developed a metamaterial substrate with arbitrary material composition and subject to a pre-specified antenna bandwidth enhancement. The design is verified and its performance is evaluated via measurements and simulation. As a second example, the material distribution for a Thermo-Photovoltaic (TPV) filter subject to pre-specified bandwidth and compactness criteria is designed. Results show that the proposed design method is capable of designing full three-dimensional volumetric material textures and printed conductor topologies for filters and patch antennas with enhanced performance.     

Development of structural methods for the study of complex dynamical systems

We analyze a research direction related to the development of methods for study and design of complex system structures, a method founded by academician B.N. Petrov. The progress of structural design methods is outlined along four directions: the ordinal mapping method, structural design based on signal and state digraphs, the structural functions method, and design of nonlinear controller structures based on artificial neural networks.     

A practical generative design method

A generative CAD based design exploration method is proposed. It is suitable for complex multi-criteria design problems where important performance criteria are uncomputable. The method is based on building a genotype of the design within a history based parametric CAD system and then, varying its parameters randomly within pre-defined limits to generate a set of distinctive designs. The generated designs are then filtered through various constraint envelopes representing geometric viability, manufacturability, cost and other performance related constraints, thus reducing the vast design space into a smaller viable design space represented by a set of distinctive designs. These designs may then be further developed by the designer. The proposed generative design method makes minimal imposition on the designer’s work process and maintains both flexibility and fluidity that is required for creative design exploration. Its ability to work seamlessly with current CAD based design practices from early conceptual to detailed design is demonstrated. The design philosophy behind this generative method and the key steps involved in its implementation are presented with examples.     

Generation and evaluation of product concepts by integrating extended axiomatic design,quality function deployment and design structure matrix

Existing product concept generation and evaluation methods are mainly based on designers' experience to determine design schemes in the process of product development, which is time-consuming and ineffective. This paper proposes an approach to generate and evaluate design concepts by integrating the extended axiomatic design, quality function deployment and design structure matrix. Different design domains are mapped for matrix operations to generate feasible concepts based on design criteria. A domain mapping matrix is built to determine technical measures, functional requirements and design parameters based on customer requirements. The proposed approach provides a structured method to quantify, validate and qualify design concepts. A case study of the design of a hand rehabilitation device demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于LoadRunner 的移动终端应用服务器 性能测试脚本设计方法研究

移动终端应用软件除了软件自身性能要求外,对后台服务器的性能也提出了更高要求。本文旨在对基于 LoadRunner 的移动终端应用软件后台服务器的性能测试脚本设计方法进行研究,针对使用LoadRunner 测试工具直接进行录 制脚本存在的问题,提出了基于Fiddler 捕包的脚本设计方法,能很好地适用于基于LoadRunner 的移动终端应用软件后台性能 测试。     

基于双核PowerPC处理器的高性能计算模块设计

为了提高基于VPX的抗恶劣环境计算机的处理能力,提出了一种基于双核PowerPC处理器的计算模块的设计方法;该方法中包括了基于双核PowerPC处理器的计算模块的主要设计思路和实现过程;在该方法通过采用双核PowerPC处理器提高了计算机性能,采用仿真手段保证了模块高速接口电路设计的信号完整性,采用FPGA实现了模块高速接口的扩展,并使模块接口具备可配置的能力;该方法应经投入应用,在应用过程中取得了良好的效果。     

挖掘Web日志降低信息搜寻的时间费用

如何根据用户的行为信息优化站点的设计是一个重要的研究问题．提出了一种新的支持站点设计优化的Web使用挖掘方案．此方案基于Web日志中的搜寻路径统计用户寻找目标花费的平均时间，用以量化Web页面的搜寻费用．在此基础上提出了一种高效的数据挖掘方法，寻找一组能够有效压缩搜寻路径(降低时间费用)的超链接．实验表明，挖掘的结果能够提供许多有用的信息，帮助管理者及时发现站点设计中存在的问题．     

基于分数Alpha模型的缓存计算方法

缓存大小计算是高性能路由器设计中一个必不可少的内容,常规缓存计算方法是基于Poisson通信量模型得到的,不符合网络通信量的实际特征,在使用中存在丢包率较高的问题。已提出的分数Alpha通信量模型能体现通信量的自相似性和非高斯特征,用于缓存溢出概率计算,能得到比其它网络模型更好的结果。基于该模型得到了一个缓存计算方法,在高速路由器转发引擎的缓存设计应用中得到了满意的结果,与常规方法相比更体现了实际通信量的变化规律,计算结果更准确。     

基于本体的设计原理信息提取

重用已有设计必须理解设计原理，从各种文档中提取设计原理信息，但其完整性和一致性很难得到保证，文中提出一种基于本体的设计原理信息提取方法，该方法以设计原理的知识模型为 基础，通过查询驱动的用户界面,动态地预测设计人员所关心的问题，并给出相应的回答。在文献综述和案例分析的基础上，文中建立了设计原理的本体，并以铁路货车转向架设计为例说明了智能信息提取的实现,初步研究表明，与文档 管理和关键字搜索相比，这种基于本体的设计原理信息提取方法具有 完整性和一致性等优点，可以作为KBDSS（Knowledge-Based Design Support System）的技术基础之一。     

An error bound for a discrete reduced order model of a linear multivariable system

The design of feasible controllers for high dimension multivariable systems can be greatly aided by a method of model reduction. In order for the design based on the order reduction to include a guarantee of stability, it is sufficient to have a bound on the model error. Previous work has provided such a bound for continuous-time systems for algorithms based on balancing. In this note an L^inftybound is derived for model error for a method of order reduction of discrete linear multivariable systems based on balancing.     

Damping performance improvement for PV-integrated power grids via retrofit control

In this paper, we develop a distributed design method for power system stabilizers (PSSs) that improve damping performance for deflections caused by contingencies in a power grid in which large-scale PV penetration is introduced. We suppose that there are multiple independent system operators in a grid and each system operator designs a PSS based on the corresponding subsystem model information alone. The controller design method for PSSs under the restriction on available model information is called distributed design. Although practical distributed design methods are typically based on single-machine infinite-bus system, the problem here is that the designed controller possibly destabilizes the grid. In this paper, we propose a novel distributed design method for power grids based on retrofit control theory. The designed PSS can theoretically guarantee the stability of power grids and also improves damping performance. Through a numerical example for the IEEJ EAST 30-machine power system, the effectiveness of our proposed method is verified compared with the conventional method.     

面向DFA的板带轧机零部件特征建模的开发

针对传统串行设计方法的固有缺陷 ,提出面向DFA技术的板带轧机零部件特征建模的方法 ,文中给出了零部件的实体建模原理 ,求交运算和具体实现方法。实验结果表明 ,该方法思路正确 ,并有潜力解决轧机的并行设计问题。     

Practical adaptive output tracking of high-order lower-triangular nonlinear systems: Modular design using feedback domination method

In this paper, a new modular design technique for globally and practically adaptive output tracking of high-order lower-triangular nonlinear systems is proposed. This technique is not based on certainty equivalence principle and completely uses feedback domination method for these linearly parameterized systems. Contrary to the methods based on adding a power integrator technique, for adaptive control of high-order lower-triangular nonlinear systems, in which the choice of a parameter update law is limited to a Lyapunov-type algorithm, the present method does not have this restriction and uses the swapping identifier as its parameter update law. The modularity of designing the controller and the identifier in this method, which relies on control design using feedback domination approach, is completely different from modular design in Immersion and invariance (I&I) based method, which relies on identifier design and desired features of parameter identification. Finally an example illustrates the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.     

产品工业设计可制造性评价方法研究

针对传统的产品工业设计流程存在的效率低、资源浪费、可制造性评价方法单一且客观性差等问题,设计并构建了一个融合工业设计属性内容的可制造性评价方法,并且给出了方法的具体结构及实施步骤。结合一种基于依赖型不确定语言有序加权几何（Dependent Uncertain Linguistic Ordered Weighted Geometric,DULOWG）算子的多属性群决策方法,建立工业设计可制造性评价模型,并基于多属性决策的理论知识进行了推理和验证。     

基于Ethernet的网络控制系统最优控制器设计

针对以太网作为控制网络存在的数据传输时延给控制品质带来不良影响问题,提出运用通讯技术中的网络协议对网络时延进行在线估计。在此基础上,应用控制理论中的李亚普诺夫稳定性定理以及最优控制理论为网络控制系统设计最优控制器——DCLQC控制器。通过实验证明了上述设计的有效性,从而说明了以太网作为控制网络的可行性。     

基于手势和草图的概念设计协同交互的研究

基于手势和草图的交互模式提供了一种自然和谐的方式来支持概念设计协同操作,促进协同工作系统的发展与应用．基于以用户为中心的设计,比较了不同方式的概念设计过程,提出了基于手势和草图的协同设计方法,进一步讨论了以草图为设计过程中的信息载体,分析了草图信息模型;基于手势操作,提出了协同上下文感知的概念和协同设计上下文描述模型;最后分析并给出面向同步编辑的草图交互设计和双向约束求解方法．所提出的协同设计方法自然简便,提高了设计效率,改善了人机交互方式．     

基于向量Lyapunov函数和LMI的大系统分散镇定

基于线性关联大系统的比较方程稳定性判据，给出了一种完全解耦的子系统控制器设计方法．该方法通过构造一个向量Lyapunov函数来满足比较方程的稳定性要求，并将控制器的设计转换为一组线性矩阵不等式的求解，进而对大系统进行镇定．由于各子系统控制器的设计可独立进行，相较于加权Lyapunov函数方法，该方法降低了控制算法的计算量和难度．仿真结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性．     

Optimization Design of a Webpage Based on Kansei Engineering

Webpage design has become an important component affecting user satisfaction when they surf the Internet. Interface designers are struggling to improve the quality of user experience by designing webpages that meet users’ emotional needs. An optimization design method of webpage interface is proposed in this study based on Kansei engineering theory, and a job‐hunting website homepage is taken as the research example. After determining the materials, the semantic differential (SD) method is used to extract user‐centered emotional dimensions, and the key design factors of homepages’ appearance are acquired. Next, based on the obtained semantic differential evaluation data, back propagation neural network (BPNN) is conducted to identify quantitative relations between key design factors and emotional dimensions. Finally, genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to search for a near‐optimal design. The proposed method is helpful to design webpages that can satisfy participants’ emotions. It can also be used in a variety of design cases.     

基于C++表达式模板的最优化设计程序实现方法研究

最优化设计的程序实现方法决定了优化算法的执行效率及代码可读性,进而影响到优化设计在工程中的应用前景.最优化设计算法中常涉及到复杂的矩阵运算.通过分析比较几类实现矩阵运算的常用方法的优缺点,提出了基于C 表达式模板的最优化设计程序实现方法.最后,以DFP变尺度优化程序为实例,从程序可读性及执行效率上将几类方法进行了对比.结果表明,基于C 表达式模板实现的最优化设计程序在保证程序执行效率的基础上,能够提高程序的可重用性及可读性.     

一种基于非透明桥的PMC空载模块设计

为了在CompactPCI计算机中扩展PMC模块,提出了一种基于非透明桥的PMC空载模块的设计方法.该方法中包括基于非透明桥空载模块的主要设计思路和实现过程.该方法通过采用非透明桥实现PMC接口的扩展,使计算机具备扩展智能PMC模块的功能,在设计过程中进行了可靠性预计,提高设计的可靠性.该方法已经投入应用,取得了良好的...