Strong resonant coupling of surface plasmon polaritons to radiation modes through a thin metal slab with dielectric gratings

Strong resonant coupling of surface plasmon polaritons to radiation modes by means of a dielectric grating deposited on top of a metal slab is numerically analyzed, and some novel properties of this configuration are discussed. The dielectric grating is not only responsible for coupling of incident light to surface plasmon polaritons but also for outcoupling of the surface plasmon polaritons to radiation modes. A key advantage of the configuration presented is that it is not based on conventional attenuated total reflection using a prism with high refractive index.     

Reversible tuning of plasmon coupling in gold nanoparticle chains using ultrathin responsive polymer film

We demonstrate large and reversible tuning of plasmonic properties of gold nanoparticles mediated by the reversible breaking and making of linear and branched chains of gold nanoparticles adsorbed on an ultrathin (1 nm) responsive polymer film. Atomic force microscopy revealed that at pH below the isoelectric point of the polybase (extended state of the polymer chains), gold nanoparticles adsorbed on the polymer layer existed primarily as individual nanoparticles. On the other hand, at higher pH, the polymer chains transition from coil to globule (collapsed) state, resulting in the formation of linear and branched chains with strong interparticle plasmon coupling. Reversible aggregation of the nanoparticles resulted in large and reversible change in the optical properties of the metal nanostructure assemblies. In particular, we observed a large redistribution of the intensity between the individual and coupled plasmon bands and a large shift (nearly 95 nm) in the coupled plasmon band with change in pH. Large tunability of plasmonic properties of the metal nanostructure chains reported here is believed to be caused by the chain aggregates of nanoparticles and un-cross-linked state of the adsorbed polymer enabling large changes in polymer chain conformation.     

Thermophysical characteristics of a multilayer capacitor-type dielectric

Results are shown of an experimental study concerning the thermophysical characteristics of multilayer specimens made from various grades of capacitor paper.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 278–283, August, 1972.     

Preparation and dielectric properties of multilayer Ag@FeNi-MOF/PVDF composites

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Ag@FeNi-MOF/PVDF multilayer polymer nanocomposites with high dielectric properties were designed and prepared in this paper, and their...     

The structural and optoelectrical properties of TiON/Au/TiON multilayer films

Sandwich structures of TiON/Au/TiON (TAT) films were deposited on glass substrates via RF magnetron sputtering of TiON and DC magnetron sputtering of Au. The optoelectronic properties of the films were strongly influenced by the Au intermediate layer. The Au insert caused a deteriorated optical transmittance, while electrical conductivity was improved with an increased carrier density. The intermediate Au film was crystallized in TAT films, but this may not have affected the crystallinity of the TiON films.In this study, new transparent and conducting TAT films with a sheet resistance of 29 Ω/□ and 78% of optical transmittance at 550 nm wavelength were obtained without intentional substrate heating.     

Thermal performance of multilayer insulation around a horizontal cylinder

Thermal performance of multiplayer insulation (MLI) is affected by contact pressure between adjacent layers. In order to evaluate the thermal performance of the MLI fabricated in the horizontal cryostats of superconducting magnets, it is important to investigate the contact pressure in the MLI. In case of a horizontal cryostat, the MLI is wound around horizontal cylindrical surface and is compressed at the upper part of the cylinder due to the MLI self-weight. At first, a single thin film wound around the horizontal cylinder was analyzed to evaluate the contact pressure acting on the cylinder. The analysis has been extended to the multiply wound film around horizontal cylinder, in order to investigate the distribution of contact pressure between adjacent layers. By using experimental data obtained with a flat panel calorimeter, the results of this analysis have been applied to evaluate the thermal performance of MLI around a horizontal cylinder. And the non-dimensional contact pressure parameter P^* has been introduced as a useful parameter to evaluate and compare the thermal performance among different kinds of MLI.     

Electron-beam irradiation induced optical transmittance enhancement for Au/ITO and ITO/Au/ITO multilayer thin films

Electron beam(EB) irradiation experiments on Au/ITO and ITO/Au/ITO multilayer thin films are reported.The structure and the optical-electrical properties of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction,atomic force microscopy, four-point probe resistivity measurement system, and UV–vis-NIR double beam spectrometer, respectively. Those results show that the EB irradiation has the effects of improving the crystalline of samples, widening the optical band gap of both thin films, reducing the sheet resistance,and improving the transmittance of samples.     

Suppression of the plasmon resonance in Au/CdS colloidal nanocomposites

The nature of exciton-plasmon interactions in Au-tipped CdS nanorods has been investigated using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The study demonstrates that the key optoelectronic properties of composite heterostructures comprising electrically coupled metal and semiconductor domains are substantially different from those observed in systems with weak interdomain coupling. In particular, strongly coupled nanocomposites promote mixing of electronic states at semiconductor-metal domain interfaces, which causes a significant suppression of both plasmon and exciton excitations of carriers.     

Numerical investigation of a grating and graphene-based multilayer surface plasmon resonance biosensor

A multilayer surface plasmon resonance biosensor (SPRB) incorporating a grating-graphene configuration is investigated for enhanced sensitivity. The numerical analysis of the impact of integrating a periodic array of subwavelength grating on top of a layer of graphene sheet for improving sensitivity is presented. The result of monitoring the biomolecular interactions of DNA hybridization is compared against the outcome of the conventional SPRB, a graphene-based multilayer SPRB, and a multilayer layer grating SPRB, and is mathematically validated. It is demonstrated that the inclusion of a grating and graphene layer on top of the gold thin film is an excellent candidate for a highly sensitive SPRB. To achieve further enhancement of sensitivity, the subwavelength grating is numerically optimized against its geometry including grating configurations (rectangular, sinusoidal, and triangular), grating depth, volume factor, and grating period.     

Relationship between surface plasmon and transmittance enhancement in indium-tin-oxide/Ag/indium-tin-oxide multilayer electrodes

The transmittance of indium-tin-oxide (ITO)/Ag/ITO multilayer electrodes under various annealing conditions was investigated. The surface morphology of the Ag layer was modified according to the annealing conditions. Depending on the surface formation of the Ag layer, the enhancement of the transmittance was differentiated into two types. Because of a change of the surface plasmon (SP) mode, connected Ag clusters with coverage of 60% resulted in transmittance enhancement over all visible wavelengths due to decreased absorption while those with coverage of 50% resulted in transmittance enhancement with a peak shift due to increased scattering by localized SP.     

Thermophysical properties of a multilayer capacitor dielectric under vacuum

Results are presented of an experimental investigation of the coefficient of thermal conductivity in a multilayer cellulose capacitor dielectric under vacuum conditions.     

Diffraction of a plane wave by a two-layer dielectric cylinder

We have investigated the characteristic features of diffraction of a plane wave by extended two-layer dielectric cylinders with complex indices of refraction. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 30–31, April, 1996.     

Excitation of a dielectric cylinder by a point source of radiation

The excitation of a layered dielectric cylinder by a point source is investigated. A procedure is described for representing the solutions of diffraction problems in terms of fractional Bessel and related functions (so-called cylinder functions) suitable for numerical calculations. Far-field diffraction patterns are calculated for cylinders of large radius. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 3, pp. 43–46, March, 1996.     

BaTiO3/SrTiO3多层膜的制备及其介电性质

采用脉冲激光沉积法在Pt／Ti／SiO2／Si衬底上制备了BaTiO3／SrTiO3(BTO／STO)多层膜。XRD结果表明：多层膜呈现出明显的(110)择优取向,与Ba0.5Sr0．5TiO3单层膜相比,多层膜的相对介电常数得到了明显的增强,而介电损耗仍然保持在较低的水平。室温下频率为10kHz时,BTO／STO(n=6)多层膜的相对介电常数为506,而介电损耗仅为0．033。薄膜的C-V特性研究表明：多层膜呈现出较好的电容调谐度。     

Surface plasmon resonance study of g protein/receptor coupling in a lipid bilayer-free system

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy is a technique to study protein-protein interactions in real time; however, application of SPR spectroscopy for investigations of membrane receptors is difficult with respect to functional and uniform immobilization of receptors on a biosensor surface. In the current study, we developed a simple, direct, biosensor-based approach to monitor the molecular interactions between G protein transducin (Gt) and rhodopsin (Rho), a prototypical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Detergent-solubilized dark-adapted Rho was captured onto a biosensor surface via lectin interaction, enabling site-directed immobilization of the receptor that made its cytoplasmic surface accessible to a coupling G protein. The system resembled the natural system with respect to receptor density, binding of Gt following flash or constant light application, fast GTP-dependent dissociation of Gt from Rho, regeneration of Rho, and dependence of Gt binding on light intensity and on concentration of Gt. The apparent KD of the Gt/Rho interaction was 13.6 nM. Our results validate the use of SPR spectroscopy as a tool to study G protein activation in GPCR systems and could be extended for application to other interaction partners of GPCRs.     

Co/Cu多层膜层间耦合作用的调节

利用在Fe（5nm）/[Co/Cu]30多层膜的隔离层（Cu）中掺入磁性元素Co，引入与相邻Co层之间反铁磁的RKKY作用相竞争的直接的铁磁耦合作用，降低了相邻Co层间的交换耦合作用。在Cu层中掺入不同原子数比例的磁性元素时，饱和磁场有所降低，从而提高了多层膜对外磁场变化的灵敏度。     

Analysis of accuracy in prism coupling methods and a proposal of two simple ways for coupling to guided waves and/or for exciting surface plasmon resonance

The stationarity of the coupling spot in relation with different shapes of couplers is discussed. The accuracy in measuring the effective index by various couplers is analyzed. Two simple methods are proposed to couple light into guided waves and/or to excite surface plasmon resonance (SPR). One uses an optical block as a coupler and the incident beam falls onto it in two perpendicular directions. This method is particularly useful for exciting SPR at an interface between metal and anisotropic dielectric media, but also can be used to couple light into guided waves. Another method does not need any coupler. The incident beam is directly launched into the sample from the sustrate side. When a thin metal film is deposited on the substrate and covered either by air or another dielectric layer, SPR can be excited at the interface of metal/air of metal/dielectric. This method can be viewed as an alternative of Kretschmann configuration.     

Distance-dependent plasmon resonant coupling between a gold nanoparticle and gold film

We present an experimental analysis of the plasmonic scattering properties of gold nanoparticles controllably placed nanometers away from a gold metal film. We show that the spectral response of this system results from the interplay between the localized plasmon resonance of the nanoparticle and the surface plasmon polaritons of the gold film, as previously predicted by theoretical studies. In addition, we report that the metal film induces a polarization to the single nanoparticle light scattering, resulting in a doughnut-shaped point spread function when imaged in the far-field. Both the spectral response and the polarization effects are highly sensitive to the nanoparticle-film separation distance. Such a system shows promise in potential biometrology and diagnostic devices.