空间目标红外辐射和可见光反射特征的控制技术

为了实现对空间目标红外辐射及可见光反射特征的控制,提出了将低温真空多层绝热薄膜结构应用于空间目标红外辐射控制的方法及多面体结构镜面表面设计方法.通过对模型进行分析及计算,利用低温真空多层绝热薄膜结构可极大幅度地降低空间目标的红外辐射通量,减小被探测概率;利用多面体结构镜面表面设计方法可控制空间目标表面的可见光反射特征,减小其被可见光探测器探测的概率.实验结果表明,将两种方法综合应用于空间目标光谱辐射特征控制技术中,可有效控制目标的红外及可见光光谱辐射特征,提高目标的空间对抗能力.     

XPS谱在磁光介质可靠性分析中的应用

通过对单层结构和多层结构的磁光记录介质TbFeCo在常温环境气氛条件和高温加速应力条件下的可靠性对比实验,以及对组成元素的XPS光电子能谱分析,证明了只有经过多层结构保护处理的磁光记录介质才具有高的稳定性。     

Heat resistance and water protection effectiveness for large single-pane fireproof glass

The effects and heat transfer mode of water film and sprinkler system on the heat-resistant property associated with the insulation of a fireproof glass were investigated. In the experiments, fireproof glass with a size of 3 300 mm (height) × 2 200 mm (width) × 12 mm (thickness) was exposed to an oil pool fire with a power of approximately 1.4 MW. The experimental results show that the application of the water film or sprinkler system on the glass can effectively resist the intensive heat from the fire in the test due to the absorption of latent heat. The permitted period of integrity and insulation with a water film and a sprinkler system could be extended to 60 min. It should be noted that the temperature of the glass surface can be kept under 60 °C in a 60 min test. The experimental results suggest that it is feasible to substitute fireproof glass with water film for a fireproof door as long as the water film or sprinkler system can work stably and water can cover the whole surface of the fireproof glass.     

自保温建筑不同末端间歇供暖的实测效果分析

为了探究适宜我国夏热冬冷地区自保温建筑的间歇供暖方式,搭建实验台测试辐射地板、风机盘管和散热器3种典型供暖方式间歇运行模式下的室内热环境和传热量;采用垂直温差、温度波动系数和时间常数比较不同供暖方式的室内热环境特征. 在室外平均温度为5 °C、空气源热泵提供50 °C热水的情况下,在利用辐射地板和风机盘管供暖时,室内操作温度均可以达到20.0 °C的设定值,满足热舒适需求;辐射地板房间由于向下热损失以及围护结构传热相对较多,耗热量较风机盘管房间高12%. 在利用辐射地板供暖时,室温的均匀性和稳定性优于风机盘管供暖;在自保温建筑中以操作温度衡量的启动时间常数为2.8 h. 结合热环境和耗热量情况给出辐射地板间歇供暖提前开启和关闭的运行建议.     

大视场角1/4对称膜系偏光分束镜的研究

为了增大薄膜偏光分束镜(PBS)的视场角,从对称膜系等效折射率公式和截止带理论出发,设计了对称膜系结构的大视场角PBS。利用电子枪蒸镀法制备了低高低折射率(LHL)膜系结构的PBS,利用UV3101-PC分光光度计测量了PBS在不同入射角下的透射分光光谱,通过消光比测试系统测量了PBS反射光和透射光的消光比。结果表明,偏光分光光谱随入射角变化不明显,在视场角范围内具有较好的消光比(10-3量级),实验结果与理论设计一致。由此可见,利用周期性对称膜系设计大视场角薄膜PBS是完全可行的,为研制大视场角薄膜PBS提供了新的设计方法。     

A composite insulation structure for silicon-based planar neuroprobes

Silicon-based planar neuroprobes are composed of silicon substrate,conducting layer,and insulation layers of SiO 2 or SiN membrane.The insulation layer is very important because it affects many key parameters of neuprobes,like impedance,SNR(signal noise ratio),reliability,etc.Monolayer membrane of SiO 2 or SiN are not good choices for insulation layer,since defects and residual stress in these layers can induce bad passivation.In this paper a composite insulation structure is studied,with thermal SiO 2 as the lower insulation layer and with multilayer membrane composed of PECVD SiO 2 and SiN as the upper insulation layer.This structure not only solves the problem of residual stress but also ensures a good probe passivation.So it’s a good choice for insulation layer of neuroprobes.     

湘东地区村镇住宅室内热环境调查分析

以湘东地区4个村镇最具代表性的3种住宅形式,即土坯住宅、砖混住宅和钢筋混凝土住宅为研究对象,采用温湿度测试与问卷调查相结合的方式,调查分析了农村住宅室内热环境状况。温湿度测试结果及热舒适指标问卷调查结果显示,农村住宅室内热环境普遍较差,其热环境为舒适的仅16.7%,不能满足舒适度要求。分析认为,农村住宅室内热环境较差的主要原因为住宅围护结构的保温隔热性能较差。建议投资开发价格便宜、性能优良的保温隔热材料,以提高农村住宅室内热环境的舒适度。     

高温真空阻尼测试系统的设计与性能测试

为研究高温真空下材料阻尼的变化规律,根据共振驻留法进行阻尼识别的方法,研制了一套高温真空环境下的阻尼测试系统,解决了高温真空环境下施加激励和测量试件振动信号的难题.高温真空阻尼测试系统主要包括电炉加热控制子系统、真空控制子系统、温度监视子系统、水冷子系统和阻尼测试子系统.性能测试实验表明,该系统的温度可自动控制,可控范围为室温～1100℃,最高真空度可以达到0.1Pa.具有温度和真空度稳定,操作灵活简便,读数直观清晰等特点.     

三相联动双断口户外高压隔离负荷开关的研究

为了解决目前农村电网和郊区电网广泛使用的高压柱上开关产品存在的问题，如容易受恶劣环境影响、SF₆气体排放等，设计了一种新型三相联动双断口户外高压隔离负荷开关。采用环氧树脂固体绝缘和硅橡胶外包绝缘技术，具有耐高低温、耐紫外线和耐老化等优势。同时，采用小型化弹簧操作机构和挂簧传输方式以提高设备可靠性。此外，该开关内嵌真空灭弧装置，无需使用SF₆气体绝缘，对环境更为友好。与传统设备相比，所设计的隔离负荷开关采用双真空开关和三相柱式倒装结构，具备无污染、安全可靠、长寿命和低成本等优点，为实现高压线路的有效管理和维护提供了一种新的解决方案。     

基于响应面方法的轴承多应力加速模型建模与验证技术

针对轴承加速寿命试验中多应力加速模型欠缺、失效规律认识不到位等科学问题,首先,深入分析真空、温度、预紧力、转速、微重力环境下,液体润滑轴承的界面微观失效模式及机理;然后,推导和建立考虑上述多应力综合作用机理的微观接触统一润滑模型,研究给出基于改进牛顿-拉夫逊法的数值解算方法;其次,设计5因素5水平的正交仿真方案,开展真空、温度、预紧力、转速、微重力的失效规律仿真与分析,获得微观接触界面膜厚、压力峰值、摩擦系数、最大下表面应力随应力水平及接触区尺寸变化的失效响应值;最后,建立了基于响应面方法辨识真空、温度、预紧力、转速、微重力水平与失效响应值之间的多应力加速模型,并对其进行试验验证及工程应用,奠定了空间轴承加速寿命试验的模型基础.     

Effect of Ag addition on the microstructure and magnetic properties of FePt thin films

FePt thin films and [FePt/Ag]n multilayer thin films were prepared by magnetron sputtering technique and subsequent annealing process. By comparing the microstructure and magnetic properties of these two kinds of thin films, effects of Ag addition on the structure and properties of FePt thin films were investigated. Proper Ag addition was found helpful for FePt phase transition at lower annealing temperature. With Ag addition, the magnetic domain pattern of FePt thin film changed from maze-like pattern to more discrete island-like domain pattern in [FePt/Ag]n multilayer thin films. In addition, introducing nonmagnetic Ag hindered FePt grains from growing larger. The in-depth defects in FePt films and [FePt/Ag]n multilayer films verify that Ag addition is attributed to a large number of pinning site defects in [FePt/Ag]n film and therefore has effects on its magnetic properties and microstructure.     

沙漠地区现代技术装备应用条件分析

为了使沙漠地区的资源得到合理的开发和利用,根据沙漠地区的地理气候特点把循环经济（马铃薯加工企业）和智能化技术装备很好地结合起来,这样既能保护沙漠的环境又能得到人类需要的产品,但智能化技术装备在沙漠地区的应用面临高温、干燥、沙尘多、温差大、光照强烈、人力资源缺乏等一系列的问题,为此提出通过采用新型抗老化、耐高温、耐腐蚀、绝缘性能好的材料以解决以上问题,并提出了散热保温设计、结构形式设计创新的建议,为智能化技术装备在沙漠地区的应用提供了一定的经验和参考．     

冀北地区浮石保温砖保温性能的试验研究

选取浮石保温砖作为墙体材料,并使用建设部推广的聚苯颗粒保温砂浆作为保温材料,来设计试验墙体.试验选择了按GB/T8484-2002标准建造的窗热工性能实验台和JTRG-Ⅱ建筑热工温度与热流自动测试系统来检测墙体的传热系数.对比了试验结果和河北省制定的《居住建筑节能设计标准》,得出墙材的保温性能,并给出相关建议.     

Teflon/Al_2O_3纳米复合膜的结构及微观摩擦学特性

为了提高聚四氟乙烯的耐磨损能力,用射频磁控溅射法交替溅射纯Teflon靶和Al2O3靶获得Teflon/Al2O3多层复合膜,通过PHI-5300 ESCA型X射线光电子能谱及原子力显微镜(AFM)对其结构、力学性能和微观摩擦磨损特性研究表明:Teflon/Al2O3多层复合膜不但具有Al2O3膜的较高硬度和抗磨损性能,而且具有纯Teflon膜的减摩性和高承载能力.同Al2O3相比,复合膜的综合性能优于纯Al2O3膜和纯Teflon膜.Teflon/Al2O3多层复合膜的研制,解决了弹性金属塑料瓦耐磨损能力差的问题.     

Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Overlay with Multilayer Wheel Tracking Test

1 InstructionRutting is considered to be one of main distressfoundin asphalt pavements ,especially when the ambienttemperature is as high as in a hot tropical climate or dur-ingthe summer months of temperate countries .Ahot-mixasphalt (HMA) pavement is a layered structure that typi-cally consists of an HMAsurface layer ,an aggregate baselayer ,an optional aggregate subbase layer ,and the sub-grade layer (compacted natural soil) ,fromtopto bottom.Generally,ruttingis caused bythe accumulation …     

SF6／N2—高分子薄膜复合绝缘电击穿特性的试验研究

研究了ＳＦ６／Ｎ２－高分子薄膜构成的复合绝缘电击穿特性。研究结果表明：该种复合绝缘中高分子薄膜的介电常数越小,击穿场强越高,其复合绝缘总击穿电压越高;高分子薄膜间隙加粘合介质以排除气隙,可使复合绝缘总击穿电压提高,所得结果与结论为ＳＦ６气体绝缘电气设备的绝缘结构设计提供了参考。     

GIS抽真空时绝缘电阻降低的原因分析

针对GIS在抽真空过程中出现的绝缘电阻阻值降低的现象进行了原因分析.提出了在抽真空时不进行绝缘电阻测试的理由,并提出了测量多个GIS单元绝缘电阻的注意事项.     

工艺因素对消失模铸造充型前沿气膜的影响研究

运用数值模拟技术对简单板型铸铁件的消失模铸造过程进行了数值模拟,分析讨论了浇注温度、模样密度及负压度对消失模铸造中液态金属流动前沿气膜的厚度和气膜压力的影响.结果表明:消失模铸造液态金属流动前沿气膜厚度及压力随模样密度、液态金属的浇注温度的增大而增大,随沙箱的真空度的增大而减小.     

Study on pulsed laser ablation and deposition of ZnO thin films by L-MBE

ZnO,as a wide-band gap semiconductor,has recently become a new research fo-cus in the field of ultraviolet optoelectronic semiconductors. Laser molecular beam epitaxy(L-MBE) is quite useful for the unit cell layer-by-layer epitaxial growth of zinc oxide thin films from the sintered ceramic target. The ZnO ceramic target with high purity was ablated by KrF laser pulses in an ultra high vacuum to deposit ZnO thin film during the process of L-MBE. It is found that the deposition rate of ZnO thin film by L-MBE is much lower than that by conventional pulsed laser deposition(PLD) . Based on the experimental phenomena in the ZnO thin film growth process and the thermal-controlling mechanism of the nanosecond(ns) pulsed laser abla-tion of ZnO ceramic target,the suggested effective ablating time during the pulse duration can explain the very low deposition rate of the ZnO film by L-MBE. The unique dynamic mechanism for growing ZnO thin film is analyzed. Both the high energy of the deposition species and the low growth rate of the film are really beneficial for the L-MBE growth of the ZnO thin film with high crystallinity at low temperature.     

实验室模拟真空紫外辐照设备的研制

为开展真空紫外辐射及真空紫外线与其它空间环境复合效应的地面模拟实验，研制了真空辐照模拟设备。选用氘灯作紫外光源并合理设计光路，简单适用。采用扩散泵和机械泵作高真空抽气系统组成模拟系统，以达到地外紫外线辐照条件。并利用该设备初步进行了有机硅温控涂层的辐照实验，结果表明真空紫外导致其光学性能下降，必须加以防护。