固定化溶菌酶的缓蚀机理及性能

采用物理吸附方法将溶菌酶固定在MCM-41介孔分子筛上,并与化学缓蚀剂[氨基三亚甲基膦酸(ATMP)与聚天冬氨酸(PASP)]复配用作循环冷却水缓蚀剂。利用电化学法分析复配缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理,并用失重法所测得的复配缓蚀剂缓蚀性能为指标优化复配条件。结果表明:复配缓蚀剂为混合型缓蚀剂,可以同时抑制腐蚀过程的阴极反应与阳极反应,最佳复配方案为固定化溶菌酶投加量0.7g/L、ATMP质量浓度10mg/L、PASP质量浓度20mg/L,缓蚀率可达88.55%,循环冷却水对碳钢腐蚀速率降至0.017 3mm/a,作用时间为11~13d。     

EC缓蚀剂对钢铁的缓蚀行为研究

用失重法、极化曲线法研究了EC缓蚀剂在H_2S和NaCl溶液中对20碳钢的缓蚀行为,分析了分子结构对缓蚀作用的影响及其在钢铁表面的吸附。结果表明,EC缓蚀剂具有良好的缓蚀效果。     

含咪唑啉磷酸酯的复配缓蚀剂对Q235钢的缓蚀行为研究

将自制咪唑啉磷酸酯盐与KI复配,采用失重法、极化曲线和交流阻抗法研究了该缓蚀剂在1mol/L HCl水溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀行为,探讨了其在Q235钢表面的吸附行为。结果表明：该缓蚀剂在1mol/L HCl水溶液中对Q235钢为混合偏阴极型缓蚀剂;缓蚀率随缓蚀剂浓度的增大而增加;该缓蚀剂在Q235钢表面的吸附模式遵循Langmuir吸附。     

EC缓蚀剂对钢铁的腐蚀行为研究

用失重法、极化曲线法研究了ＥＣ缓蚀剂在Ｈ２Ｓ和ＮａＣｌ溶液中对２０碳钢的缓蚀行为,分析了分子结构对缓蚀作用的影响及其在钢铁表面的吸附。结果表明,ＥＣ缓蚀剂具有良好的缓蚀效果。     

新型三唑衍生物缓蚀剂在HCl中的缓蚀性能

用失重法、电化学方法研究新型三唑衍生物在1 mol/L HCl中缓蚀性能以及在Q235-A钢表面的吸附行为.结果表明,新型三唑缓蚀剂是一种混合型缓蚀剂,在1 mol/L HCl溶液中最高缓蚀率达到95%以上,在Q235-A钢表面的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式,且吸附为吸热反应.     

两种曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能

采用甲醛/苯甲醛、苯乙酮和水合肼为原料分别合成了AJ和BJ两种曼尼希碱缓蚀剂。通过静态挂片失重法、电化学测试法等方法研究了在15%HCl(质量分数)溶液中,这两种缓蚀剂对N80钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明:在15%的HCl溶液中,AJ和BJ缓蚀剂对N80钢具有良好的缓蚀作用,且BJ缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果要优于AJ缓蚀剂的;两种缓蚀剂均为阳极型缓蚀剂,都能自发吸附在N80钢表面,其行为均符合Langmuir吸附等温式。     

双苯并咪唑化合物对碳钢在H2SO4溶液中的缓蚀作用

通过腐蚀失重法、电化学法和扫描电镜等方法研究了双苯并咪唑化合物(BBB)对碳钢在0.25 mol/LH2SO4溶液中的缓蚀行为.结果表明,双苯并咪唑化合物缓蚀性能优异,缓蚀效率随缓蚀剂浓度增大而升高,且为同时抑制碳钢腐蚀阴阳极过程的混合型缓蚀剂.在碳钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附规律.     

一种曼尼希碱在酸性介质中对碳钢缓蚀行为的研究

采用动电位扫描极化曲线和交流阻抗法,研究了自制曼尼希碱缓蚀剂ZD-1在5%H2SO,溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀作用及缓蚀机理,并计算得出相应的热力学数据.研究表明:ZD-1是一种缓蚀效果显著、以阴极控制为主的混合型缓蚀剂,它在Q235钢表面发生了化学吸附,吸附过程为放热过程,吸附行为服从El-Awadv动力学模型.     

色氨酸复配缓蚀剂对碳钢在硫酸中的缓蚀性能

利用失重法、电化学法研究色氨酸及其复配缓蚀剂对Q235碳钢片在0.5mol/L硫酸介质中的缓蚀性能,并用吸附等温模型和腐蚀动力学对缓蚀机理进行初步探讨。结果表明:单独使用色氨酸的缓蚀率不高,L-色氨酸与碘化钾有一定的协同效应,而与抗坏血酸的协同效应不显著,将三者以最佳用量复配后,缓蚀率可达92.43%;色氨酸与抗坏血酸均为混合型缓蚀剂,而碘化钾和复配缓蚀剂均为阳极型缓蚀剂;色氨酸通过化学吸附的方式吸附于碳钢表面,符合Langmuir吸附等温式。     

一种自制食物废油咪唑啉衍生物缓蚀剂的性能

以食物废油、对羟基二苯胺和三乙胺为原料得到咪唑啉中间体,用苯丙乳液、偶联剂和消泡剂等对其进行改性,得到稳定的咪唑啉衍生物缓蚀剂。采用红外光谱法对该咪唑啉缓蚀剂进行了分析,采用静态失重法、电化学法和扫描电子显微镜研究了其对J55钢的缓蚀行为,并探讨了其在J55钢表面的吸附行为。结果表明,该缓蚀剂为阳离子型缓蚀剂,当其质量浓度为500mg/L时,在试验溶液中对J55钢的缓蚀率达到87.97%,且吸附满足Langmuir等温吸附方程。     

X-ray diffraction study of Ba0.985Na0.015Ti0.985Nb0.015O3, Ba0.6Na0.4Ti0.6Nb0.4O3 and Ba0.3Na0.7Ti0.3Nb0.7O3 compositions

The Ba_0.985Na_0.015Ti_0.985Nb_0.015O₃, Ba_0.6Na_0.4Ti_0.6Nb_0.4O₃ and Ba_0.3Na_0.7Ti_0.3Nb_0.7O₃ compositions of the (1 − x) BaTiO₃–xNaNbO₃ (BTNNx) system have been studied by X-ray diffraction and by measurements of dielectric properties. The specimens with composition BTNN (x = 0.015, 0.40 and 0.70) have been refined by the JANA program from X-ray powder diffraction data. Ceramic samples with composition (1 − x) BaTiO₃ + xNaNbO₃ (where x = 0.015, 0.40 and 0.70) were prepared by calcinations from appropriate mixture of BaCO₃, TiO₂, Na₂CO₃ and Nb₂O₅. The calcined powder was sintered at temperature range 1200–1400 °C. As the composition x increased from 0.015 (and 0.70), the ferroelectric ceramics (x = 0.015, FE) with tetragonal phase changed to the ferroelectric relaxors (RFE, x = 0.40). RFE ceramics showed a peculiar diffuse phase transition and dielectric relaxation at the low temperature (down to 180 K) due to a frustration between RFE and FE state. These ceramics present the classical ferroelectric character when 0 ≤ x < 0.075 and 0.55 < x ≤ 1 and relaxor character when 0.075 ≤ x ≤ 0.55.     

Magnetic, electrical and plastic properties of Fe76Nb2Si13B9, Fe75Ag1Nb2Si13B9 and Fe75Cu1Nb2Si13B9 amorphous alloys

Influence of 1 h annealing in vacuum on magnetic, electrical and plastic properties of Fe₇₆Nb₂Si₁₃B₉, Fe₇₅Ag₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ and Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ melt spun ribbons were carefully investigated. It was shown that in all cases soft magnetic properties can be significantly enhanced by applying 1-h annealing at characteristic temperatures T_op. This optimization annealing causes that permeability increases more than 15-times and magnetic losses (tangent of loss angle) achieves a minimum in relation to the as quenched state. Using structural examinations (X-ray and HRTEM) it was shown that for the Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloy the optimized microstructure corresponds to a nanocrystalline αFe(Si) phase whereas in other alloys to a relaxed amorphous phase free of iron nanograins. As a consequence of this fact the Fe₇₆Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ and Fe₇₅Ag₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloys show higher plasticity in comparison to the nanocrystalline Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloy. Temperatures of the first stage of crystallization, and related diffusion parameters were determined using measurements of resistivity versus temperature with different heating rates.     

Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42-H2O体系的沉淀配合平衡热力学

针对草酸盐配位共沉淀热分解还原法制备超细铁镍合金粉过程中Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42--H2O体系的溶液平衡建立热力学分析模型,并根据模型进行相关计算,揭示反应体系中各物质随pH值、氨及草酸浓度的变化关系。结果表明:溶液中的Fe主要以[Fe(C2O4)n]2 2n络合物形式存在,而铁氨络合物含量很低。当氨含量较低时,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在;氨含量较高时,在酸性条件下,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在,在碱性条件下,则主要以[Ni(NH3)n]2+存在。低pH值下,Ni的沉淀率较Fe的高,而高pH值下,Ni的沉淀率则较Fe的低。     

Thermodynamics and phase diagrams in the binary systems Na2O-SiO2, Na2O-GeO2, Na2O-B2O3, Li2O-B2O3, CaO-B2O3, SrO-B2O3, and BaO-B2O3

We applied our model to the enthalpy of mixing data of the binary systems Na₂O-SiO₂, Na₂O-GeO₂, Na₂O-B₂O₃, Li₂O-B₂O₃, CaO-B₂O₃, SrO-B₂O₃, and BaO-B₂O₃. The most stable composition in the liquid, that is where the enthalpy of mixing is most negative, is with a metal-oxygen ratio of 4 to 3, for monovalent metals (Na and Li) and 3 to 4 for divalent metals (Ba and Ca) in liquid silicates or borates. The same applies to the CaO-SiO₂, CaO-Al₂O₃, PbO-B₂O₃, PbO-SiO₂, ZnO-B₂O₃, and ZnO-SiO₂ systems. The oxygen to metal ratio, its constant value in various types of systems, reflects and describes the structure of the liquid. Using the analyzed enthalpies of mixing data and the available phase diagrams, we calculated the enthalpies of formation of the various binary compounds. The results are in excellent agreement with data in the literature that were obtained from direct solid-solid calorimetry.     

New Zr6CoAs2-type compounds: Y6CoBi2, Ho6CoBi2 and Tm6CoBi2

Results of a powder X-ray diffraction investigation of new ternary compounds are reported. The compounds Y₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8312(1) nm, c=0.4144(1) nm], Ho₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8246(2) nm, c=0.4095(1) nm], and Tm₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8155(2) nm, c=0.4066(1) nm] crystallize in the hexagonal Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure (space group P6b2m No. 189). The Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure is a superstructure of the Fe₂P-type structure.     

Zur Kenntnis von RbBa3Ca4Cu3V7O28

Single crystals of RbBa₃Ca₄Cu₃V₇O₂₈ were prepared above the melting point of the reaction mixture. It crystallizes with hexagonal symmetry, space group C_6V⁴-P6₃mc, a 11.1751, c 12.434 Å, Z = 2. RbBa₃Ca₄Cu₃V₇O₂₈ is the second member of a new structure type of the copper-oxovanadates. Ba²⁺ shows an unusual 12-fold coordination. The two calcium positions are coordinated by trigonal prisms and octahedra respectively. The copper coordination is characterized by a stretched square pyramid. The Cu²⁺ ions are outside the centre nearly in plane of the pyramids.

Zusammenfassung

Einkristalle von RbBa₃Ca₄Cu₃V₇O₂₈ wurden oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes der Reaktionsmischung erhalten. Die Verbindung kristallisiert hexagonal, Raumgruppe C_6V⁴-P6₃mc, a 11.1751, c 12.434 Å, Z = 2. RbBa₃Ca₄Cu₃V₇O₂₈ ist das zweite Beispiel für einen neuen Strukturtyp der Kupfer-Oxovanadate, mit 12-fach koordinierten Ba²⁺ -Ionen. Die zwei Calciumpositionen sind trigonal prismatisch bzw. oktaedrisch koordiniert. Die Koordination der Cu²⁺-Ionen ist durch eine gestreckte Pyramide charakterisiert. Cu²⁺ ist auβerhalb des Polyederzentrums nahezu in der quadratischen Fläche der Pyramide angeordnet.     

Al2O3-Sm2O3-CeO2电解质的性能（英文）

采用溶胶-凝胶法和低温燃烧技术制备Ce1-xSmxO2（x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3）和掺杂Sm和（2%-8%）Al2O3的二氧化铈;研究其合成、结构、致密化、导电性和热膨胀等性能,并利用XRD研究其结构和相组成。结果表明,于1300°C烧结球团,获得致密的陶瓷,于1250°C在Ce0.8Sm0.2O0.2中加入2%和4%的Al2O3以促进烧结。利用扫描电子显微镜观察烧结后球团的表面形貌,使用双探针交流阻抗谱研究总离子电导率。     

电弧喷涂制备Fe65Cr20Mo7B3.5SiMn1.5W3涂层

在Q235低碳钢板上利用电弧喷涂工艺进行喷涂,以制得Fe65Cr20Mo7B3.5SiMn1.5W3涂层。喷涂材料为自行配制的丝材,按照35%的填充率将配好的粉填充到U型不锈钢外皮中,经过多道拉拔、挤压工艺制成Φ2mm的粉芯丝材。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、透射电镜对涂层的物相和组织形貌及成分进行了表征;采用差示扫描量热仪、显微硬度仪等设备对涂层的热稳定性及显微硬度进行了检测和分析。试验结果表明:涂层组织形貌呈典型的层状组织结构,由变形良好的带状粒子相互搭接堆积而成。涂层含有50.63%的非晶相,同时含有纳米级的晶相。涂层组织均匀、结构致密、孔隙率低,并且涂层硬度高达1040.5HV0.3,属硬质涂层,具有良好的热稳定性。     

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.4Mn1.5Cr0.1O4 and Li4Ti5O12

Spinel compound LiNi_0.4Mn_1.5Cr_0.1O₄ (LNMCO) and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO) were synthesized by the sol-gel method and the solid-state method, respectively. The particle sizes of the products LiNi_0.4Mn_1.5Cr_0.1O₄ and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ were 0.5 to 2 um and 0.5 to 0.8 um, respectively. All samples exhibited excellent electrochemical properties. A LiNi_0.4Mn_1.5Cr_0.1O₄/Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LNMCO/LTO) cell was fabricated and was demonstrated to exhibit good electrochemical properties at the high current rate of 1 C. When the specific capacity was determined based on the mass of the LNMCO cathode, the LNMCO/LTO cell delivered 125 mAh g⁻¹ at 1 C and 77 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 C. The capacity retentions after 30 cycles were 94.4 % and 83.1 %, respectively.