基于双层规划的供应商选择模型及求解分析

从降低整车厂采购费用和提高零部件供应商服务质量两个效益背反的因素出发,利用双层规划的博弈特点建立模型对汽车零部件供应商选择问题进行定量分析,其中上层规划以整车厂采购总费用最小为目标,下层规划以供应商的服务质量最大为目标,引入“综合表现度”的概念,运用ANP（网络层次分析法）法计算影响因素的权重,并乘以供应商各影响因素的取值,从而确定了供应商的综合表现度。最后,结合模型的特点设计了遗传算法,并应用实例验证了模型和算法的有效性,为汽车零部件供应商的选择提供有益的参考。     

基于QFD和双层规划的物流服务供应商选择研究

从物流服务成本和物流服务质量两个方面构建物流服务供应商选择的双层规划模型,上层规划以物流服务成本最小为目标,下层以选择的供应商的综合表现度最大为目标。通过改进QFD模型,将评价指标和客户需求相结合,对待选物流供应商进行综合评价,计算供应商的综合表现度。结合模型的特点设计分层迭代算法,算例验证了模型和算法的有效性。     

物流服务供应商选择的双层规划模型及云遗传算法*

在物流服务供应链体系下,针对功能型物流服务供应商的选择问题,提出了使用双层规划模型分析方法。上层规划以集成物流服务供应商的外包业务成本最低为目标,下层规划以客户服务满意度最大为目标。其中,在下层规划中提出客户服务满意度指数模型,并借助熵权法对模型中的各外显指标进行赋权,进而得出客户服务满意度指数。最后,结合模型特点设计了云自适应遗传算法,并借助算例验证了模型和算法的有效性。     

考虑主体心理的云制造服务双层规划选择

为了使云制造服务匹配达到供需双方都满意,在考虑双方利益的情况下,结合主体心理构建了一个云制造服务选择双层规划模型。针对决策主体对服务质量“收益”和“损失”的不同心理,以需求方对组合服务心理满意度作为上层规划的优化目标,把服务供给方对需求方心理满意度作为下层规划的优化目标。最后,采用改进的反弹自适应粒子群算法求解该模型,挑选出供需双方都满意的组合服务。实验仿真结果也表明了该模型的合理性和有效性。     

云制造环境下基于双层规划的资源优化配置模型

为了解决云制造环境下制造资源的优化配置问题,综合考虑需求与服务双方以及云平台运营方的利益,提出了一种基于双层规划的资源优化配置模型。该模型以前景理论结合多约束多属性评价体系求解出的供需双方满意度作为上层规划的优化目标;以云平台资源利用率最大化为下层规划的优化目标;通过双层规划并采用改进的i-NSGA-II-JG算法对多目标制造资源配置问题进行求解。最后,通过算例仿真实验证明了该模型的可行性和优越性。     

基于双层规划的多供应商物料配送期量优化

为有效解决多供应商单制造商构成的二级供应链中供应商配送批量不经济、配送时间无序导致物流成本高和卸货拥堵等问题,建立多供应商配送期量的双层规划模型.上层模型从库存与配送联合优化视角,考虑供应商配送批量经济性,以供应链物流总成本最低为目标,确定最优配送批量;下层模型基于上层优化结果,考虑制造商生产时序性,以供应商时间惩罚成本最小化为目标,确定供应商配送时间序列.采用遗传算法和动态规划相结合的方法求解上下层模型,得到供应商最优配送期量标准.通过实例运用,验证了模型与算法的有效性及可行性.     

基于双层规划的多供应商物料配送期量优化

为有效解决多供应商单制造商构成的二级供应链中供应商配送批量不经济、配送时间无序导致物流成本高和卸货拥堵等问题,建立多供应商配送期量的双层规划模型.上层模型从库存与配送联合优化视角,考虑供应商配送批量经济性,以供应链物流总成本最低为目标,确定最优配送批量;下层模型基于上层优化结果,考虑制造商生产时序性,以供应商时间惩罚成本最小化为目标,确定供应商配送时间序列.采用遗传算法和动态规划相结合的方法求解上下层模型,得到供应商最优配送期量标准.通过实例运用,验证了模型与算法的有效性及可行性.     

铁路车辆修理布局集中化研究

针对全路车辆修理量逐渐减少,各修理点修理能力严重过剩的现状,提出铁路车辆修理布局集中化方法。分析铁路车辆修理布局集中化的内涵,提出铁路车辆修理布局集中化双层规划模型的构建思路;以修理点改扩建费用、运营费用、运输费用之和最小为目标构建上层规划模型,以车辆运输费用最小为目标构建下层规划模型,并利用迭代思想,设计基于改进后的蚁群算法的双层迭代优化算法求解该双层规划模型。借助MATLAB软件进行算例分析,验证了模型的有效性。     

新建机场运输通道建设决策的双层规划模型

机场运输通道是旅客进出机场的必要基础设施。为了满足航空运输快速发展的需求,伴随着新机场的建设,机场运输通道的建设规模决策问题显得至关重要。建立了双层规划模型,其中上层模型为上层交通主管部门以社会总成本最小为目标建设机场运输通道,下层模型为旅客以效用最大化为目标选择运输通道,设计了基于敏感性分析的模拟退火算法,最后通过算例仿真了算法的可行性。     

考虑备灾的双层规划应急资源调度选址—路径优化模型与算法

备灾措施可以为救灾做准备,为确保灾后应急物资可以及时高效地到达灾区,提出了考虑备灾的双层规划应急资源调度选址—路径优化模型,上层规划以供应站建设和运营总成本最低为目标,而下层规划以配送路径成本最小化为目标.设计了一种改进的双层樽海鞘遗传算法求解该问题,结合迭代划分的概念更新领导者位置,采用自然指数惯性权值策略修正控制因子,利用混沌映射更新追随者位置,采用田口分析方法获取参数合理取值.最后,通过使用双层樽海鞘遗传算法与遗传粒子群混合算法、粒子群优化算法、免疫优化算法对OR-Library中的LRP(location-routing problem,LRP)数据集进行求解和对比分析,验证了所提模型和算法的可行性和有效性.     

集成化服务供应链的物流服务商选择研究

在分析集成化服务供应链的基础上,从客户满意度、服务质量、服务成本、企业资质、协同能力和绿色竞争力六个方面,构建了比较全面客观的物流服务供应商评价指标体系。通过熵权计算出物流服务供应商权值向量和专家打分计算出各个二级指标的权重,构建定性和定量相结合的供应商评价模型,通过综合评价计算出各个物流服务供应商的评价总权值。最后,结合案例说明,建立的服务供应商评价指标体系和综合评价模型能够比较全面地评价供应商,为研究物流供应商选择提供有益参考价值。     

Integrated supply chain model for a deteriorating item with procurement cost dependent credit period

This study develops an integrated production inventory model of supplier and retailer where a delay in payment is offered by supplier to retailer for a constant deteriorating item. Here shortages are not allowed. In this model retailer’s procurement cost linearly depends on the credit period and supplier’s process cost also is a linear function of the amount of quantity purchased by retailer. In this model, the objective is to decide the position of the credit period and number of replenishment of retailer in finite time horizon in such a way that the integrated system gets the optimum cost. The model is explained with the help of numerical examples and the sensitivity analysis of some parameters are also carried out.     

Multi-item integrated supply chain model for deteriorating items with stock dependent demand under fuzzy random and bifuzzy environments

In this paper, we have investigated multi-item integrated production-inventory models of supplier and retailer with a constant rate of deterioration under stock dependent demand. Here we have considered supplier’s production cost as nonlinear function depending on production rate, retailers procurement cost exponentially depends on the credit period and suppliers transportation cost as a non-linear function of the amount of quantity purchased by the retailer. The models are optimized to get the value of the credit periods and total time of the supply chain cycle under the space and budget constraints. The models are also formulated under fuzzy random and bifuzzy environments. The ordering cost, procurement cost, selling price of retailer’s and holding costs, production cost, transportation cost, setup cost of the supplier’s and the total storage area and budget are taken in imprecise environments. To show the validity of the proposed models, few sensitivity analyses are also presented under the different rate of deterioration. The models are also discussed in non deteriorating items as a special case of the deteriorating items. The deterministic optimization models are formulated for minimizing the entire monetary value of the supply chain and solved using genetic algorithm (GA). A case study has been performed to illustrate those models numerically.     

A data-driven decision support system for sustainable supplier evaluation in the Industry 5.0 era: A case study for medical equipment manufacturing

Effective supplier management is critical for an enterprise’s success, as supplier procurement accounts for up to approximately 70% to 80% of total manufacturing costs. Correct supplier selection can ensure the competitiveness of the enterprise and contribute to supply chain integration and innovation. In recent years, supplier evaluation frameworks based on Industry 4.0 concepts have contributed to the development of the industry. However, the novel concepts of Industry 5.0 require examination from a people-oriented and sustainable perspective. Unfortunately, at the present time, supplier evaluation frameworks based on Industry 5.0 are lacking. Therefore, the primary task of this study is to develop a novel and comprehensive supplier evaluation framework for the Industry 5.0 era. This study proposes a data-driven decision support system to execute the supplier evaluation process. First, variable precision- dominance-based rough set approach (VC-DRSA) is applied to extract the core criteria, to remove the noise factors and to generate decision rules for the decision-makers’ reference. Second, the criterion importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) approach is adopted to obtain the dependency weights of the core criteria and their ranking. Finally, a modified classifiable technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (CTOPSIS) is used to integrate the final performance values of suppliers when new alternative suppliers are added. The research concept is in line with the conception of data-driven decision support in business intelligence and does not rely on the subjective judgments and opinions of experts. Data provided by a multinational medical equipment manufacturer are used as an example to demonstrate the proposed model. VC-DRSA retains nine core criteria from the original twenty criteria, which greatly reduces the labor and cost of supplier audits. In addition, the CRITIC results show that digital transformation, real-time information sharing, and organizational culture transformation are the three main factors affecting the development of enterprises towards Industry 5.0. The results show that CTOPSIS can be used to quickly assess the ratings of new alternative suppliers are listed.     

模糊随机环境下考虑残次品处理的库存配送问题研究

针对考虑残次品的多生产商选择多商品多阶段库存配送问题,建立了一个基于动态规划的双层库存配送模型。高端物流服务集成商以整个供应链网络成本最小为目标制定采购决策;库存配送服务商以运营成本最小为目标,在集成商决策下制定库存和配送决策。设计了模糊随机环境下基于动态规划的双层全局-局部-邻域粒子群算法（Bi-DPGLNPSO）对模型进行求解。并通过算例验证模型和算法的有效性和合理性。通过参数测试和算法对比检验算法的优越性。     

Solving the p-hub Median Problem Under Intentional Disruptions Using Simulated Annealing

Hubs are special facilities designed to act as switching, transshipment and sorting points in various distribution systems. Since hub facilities concentrate and consolidate flows, disruptions at hubs could have large effects on the performance of a hub network. In this paper, we have formulated the multiple allocation p-hub median problem under intentional disruptions as a bi-level game model. In this model, the follower’s objective is to identify those hubs the loss of which would most diminish service efficiency. Moreover, the leader’s objective is to identify the set of hubs to locate in order to minimize expected transportation cost while taking normal and failure conditions into account. We have applied two algorithms based on simulated annealing to solve the defined problem. In addition, the algorithms have been calibrated using the Taguchi method. Computational experiments on different instances indicate that the proposed algorithms would be efficient in practice.