货车轴承密封罩压装速度研究

基于摩擦热流耦合分析模型,针对货车352226X2-2RZ型滚动轴承密封罩压装过程建立过盈连接有限元分析模型,得出密封罩温度场、塑性应变、最大接触应力和最大等效应力等,与前期的弹塑性分析结果进行比对,发现摩擦热流耦合分析模型更加符合生产实际。分析压装速度对密封罩温度场、塑性应变、最大接触应力和最大等效应力的影响规律,并获得最佳压装速度。分析结果表明,密封罩与轴承外圈压装过程中,随着压装速度的增加最高温度、密封罩塑性变形、最大接触应力和最大等效应力均增大。通过YN-2型密封罩压装测扭矩机进行密封罩压装实验,实验结果验证理论分析结果的正确性。     

过盈联接压装质量影响因素研究

对衔铁与弹簧管的压装进行有限元分析,确定了压装质量的主要影响因素是过盈量和摩擦系数。分析结果表明过盈量对最大压装力数值、等效应力和接触应力的分布有很大影响,而摩擦系数只对最大压装力有影响,因此过盈量对压装质量的影响更大。     

电液伺服阀衔铁组件过盈联接有限元分析

以衔铁组件过盈联接压装过程为例,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench对其进行弹塑性分析,获得衔铁组件过盈联接的最大等效应力和最大压装力,并进一步研究了过盈量、摩擦系数和形状误差对衔铁组件过盈联接的最大压装力和最大等效应力的影响规律,从而确定过盈量的合理范围,进而确定压力-位移曲线的合理范围。随机抽取18套零件在已研制的压装设备进行压装实验。将有限元分析结果与实验结果进行对比,验证了有限元分析结果的可靠性,为衔铁组件过盈联接压装质量判断提供了一定的理论基础。     

水下采油树油管悬挂器密封性能分析

以水下采油树油管悬挂器密封结构为研究对象,建立金属密封圈凸缘处的接触面为半圆形接触面(密封Ⅰ)和倾斜接触面(密封Ⅱ)2种形式的力学模型,利用ABAQUS软件建立其有限元模型,分析过盈量、压力和温度对金属密封圈最大Mises应力和最大接触应力的影响及不同过盈量时接触应力在接触宽度上的分布。结果表明:密封Ⅰ的最大Mises应力和最大接触应力都随着过盈量、工作压力和温度的增加而增加,而密封Ⅱ的最大Mises应力和最大接触应力呈现不同的变化趋势;密封Ⅰ能够提供较大的接触应力,具有很强的密封能力,但密封宽度相对较小;一定的过盈量时,密封Ⅱ能达到较大接触宽度,保证良好的密封性能。     

基于ANSYS Workbench的轴承压装过程有限元分析

为了分析轴承压装过程中不同轴承座壁厚对压装力、轴承座内部应力和应变的影响,为轴承座设计和改进提供参考依据,采用三维软件Solidworks建立轴承与轴承座过盈配合模型图,通过ANSYS有限元软件对轴承压装进行分析,得出不同轴承座壁厚情况下的压装力-时间曲线关系图.仿真结果表明,轴承外圈与轴承座刚接触时,轴承外圈对轴承座有冲击作用,压装力随时间先增加后波动,最后近似于平滑曲线变化;轴承座壁越厚,应力、应变越小.在设计轴承座时,应选择塑性较好的材料;在满足刚度的同时,轴承座壁厚尽可能小一些.     

智能井井下流入控制阀结构设计及密封性能分析

流入控制阀是智能井技术的核心,在油气井高温高压等复杂的环境中,流入控制阀的密封效果直接影响阀的正常工作。依据智能完井工况,设计流入控制阀的结构及其金属密封结构。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立金属密封结构的有限元模型,分析最大过盈量、密封圈接触面的锥度、密封圈内部槽的几何尺寸、井下压力状态等敏感性参数对密封结构密封性能的影响。结果表明,随着金属密封圈最大过盈量的增加,最大接触应力降低而最大等效应力增加,而随着接触面锥度的增大接触面长度变长,接触压力和最大等效应力均呈下降趋势;内槽锥度对金属接触对影响较小,对密封圈的等效应力影响较大,内槽锥度增大,等效应力大幅增加。综合考虑应力的影响,应选择合适的最大过盈量,密封圈接触锥度不宜太大,且应尽量减小内槽面的锥度。     

动车组空心车轴强度校核方法研究

对某动车组空心车轴进行了受力分析,计算了作用在车轴各个截面上的最大弯曲应力幅,依据EN 13104和EN13261标准,对几个主要截面处该车轴疲劳强度进行了校核,结果表明车轴轮座内侧3/4截面处疲劳强度安全系数为1.22。建立了某轮对采用过盈配合的车轴在承载状态下紧急制动时的轮对有限元静力学计算模型,计算了不同压装过盈量下的等效应力,结果表明压装过盈量为0.248mm且紧急制动时时,车轮最大等效应力接近其许用应力。     

径向金属密封唇部结构接触力学研究*

由于初始过盈量和介质压力的作用,井下流量控制阀径向金属密封唇部的应力和应变梯度变化很大,很容易发生塑性变形。为研究径向金属密封唇部接触力学行为,提出径向金属密封唇部的圆弧结构,基于接触力学建立径向金属密封唇部轴对称结构的圆弧-平面接触模型,得出径向金属密封唇部结构接触力学参数的理论关系式,并基于有限元方法进行验证。径向金属密封唇部接触力学参数的理论解与数值解相符,接触宽度、最大接触应力、初始过盈量和平均接触应力的平均相对误差分别为8.86%、6.96%、8.88%和4.33%,满足工程设计要求。研究表明：径向金属密封唇部的最大接触应力与初始过盈量、径向金属密封唇部径向厚度和轴向厚度成正比,与径向金属密封唇部圆弧半径成反比,因此可通过增加初始过盈量、径向金属密封唇部径向厚度和轴向厚度来增加径向金属密封唇部的最大接触应力。研究结果为井下流量控制阀径向金属密封的设计提供了理论指导。     

基于热力耦合的镶嵌式机械密封端面变形分析

以镶嵌式机械密封为研究对象,通过受力分析和热传导方程,将热、力两个物理场进行耦合求解,建立机械密封动环组件热力耦合仿真模型。基于热力耦合模型计算不同应力情况下端面变形量和不同过盈量下的结合面接触应力、端面变形量,并分析动环厚度对端面温度场、应力分布以及端面变形量的影响。结果表明,热应力对端面变形的影响大于结构应力,故不能忽略热应力对机械密封组件的影响;动环过盈量增大使得端面变形量和结合面接触应力逐渐增大,动环厚度的增大使得最大温度呈下降趋势,最高温度出现在动环内径处,端面间隙由收敛型转变为发散型。因此,在对机械密封结构进行设计时,采用较小的过盈量和动环厚度,可以减少动环端面的变形量。     

工况因素对S密封结构强度与密封性能的影响

S密封是为满足石油天然气行业的高温、高压和复杂的流体介质工况而专门设计的一类特殊密封圈。为研究S密封的结构强度和密封性能,建立S密封圈二维轴对称模型,仿真研究其在安装工况和作业工况下压缩量、介质压力和温度载荷对密封面结构强度和密封性能的影响规律。结果表明:在安装工况时, S密封圈弹性体最大等效应力和最大剪切应力出现在密封圈内部中心位置,最大等效应力分布呈轴向对称;在作业工况时,最大等效应力和最大剪切应力在中间靠近间隙位置;随着外过盈量和介质压力增大,弹性体最大等效应力和内外接触应力均呈现增大趋势;温度增加时,最大等效应力和内外最大接触应力均增加,但最大等效应力增加趋势较小。研究结果为S密封圈的性能和强度优化研究提供理论支撑。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.