Spatial Reasoning in Remotely Sensed Data

Photointerpreters employ a variety of implicit spatial models to provide interpretations from remotely sensed aerial or satellite imagery. The process of making the implicit models explicit and the subsequent use of the explicit models in computer processing is difficult. In this paper one application is illustrated: how ridges and valleys can be automatically interpreted from LANDSAT imagery of a mountainous area and how a relative elevation terrain model can be constructed from this interpretation. It is shown how an illumination model is being used to explain many of the features of a LANDSAT image. Finally, it is shown how to examine valleys for the possible presence of streams or rivers and it is shown how a spatial relational model can be set up to make a final interpretation of the river drainage network.     

The limited capacity model of mediated message processing

This paper presents an information-processing model that is directly applicable to the investigation of how mediated messages are processed. It applies the model to the case of television viewing to demonstrate its applicability. It provides a measure for each part of the model. It presents evidence that supports the model in the television-viewing situation. Finally, it demonstrates how the model may be used to further research and understanding in well-known theoretical traditions. This model is not meant to stand in opposition to any of these theories but, rather, should work well with them by providing hypothesized mechanisms that may underlie well-known effects. This model should prove useful both to researchers and, eventually, to message producers. To the extent that we can better understand how the content and structure of messages interact with a viewer's information-processing system to determine which parts and how much of a communication message is remembered, we will make great strides in understanding how people communicate.     

Modeling Reading and Replying Activities in a BBS Social Network

This paper is devoted to analyze and model user reading and replying activities in a bulletin board system(BBS) social network.By analyzing the data set from a famous Chinese BBS social network,we show how some user activities distribute,and reveal several important features that might characterize user dynamics.We propose a method to model user activities in the BBS social network.The model could reproduce power-law and non-power-law distributions of user activities at the same time.Our results show that user reading and replying activities could be simulated through simple agent-based models.Specifically,manners of how the BBS server interacts with Internet users in the Web 2.0 application,how users organize their reading lists,and how user behavioral trait distributes are the important factors in the formation of activity patterns.     

基于DFA的HTTP会话学习模型

由于Web应用涉及范围广,结构复杂多变等特点,对其采用的入侵检测面临着严峻的考验。具有学习功能的入侵检测有着广阔的研究前景。提出一种异常检测方法,从HTTP连接中提取HTTP会话,按照RFC标准描述HTTP请求,以此构建基于DFA的HTTP会话学习模型。并针对HTTP请求数量庞大的特点,提出模型简化的算法。该模型能够实现自动更新,有助于解决入侵检测保护Web应用时遇到的问题。     

Parametric Characteristic Analysis for Generalized Frequency Response Functions of Nonlinear Systems

In order to explicitly reveal the relationship between system frequency response functions and model parameters which define system nonlinearities, and consequently unveil a direct connection from model parameters to system frequency response characteristics, a parametric characteristic analysis approach is proposed for Volterra systems described by a nonlinear differential equation (NDE). The parametric characteristics of the generalized frequency response functions (GFRFs) for the NDE model are established, and some important properties are discussed, which can explicitly reveal what model parameters contribute and how these parameters affect the GFRFs. Based on the parametric characteristic analysis, it is demonstrated how the system frequency domain characteristics are related to the system time domain model parameters and how the output frequency response function can now be determined explicitly with a detailed polynomial structure. These new results provide a significant and novel insight into the analysis and design of nonlinear systems in the frequency domain. Several examples are included to illustrate the results.     

数字电视工程管理数据挖掘模型设计与实践

分析了数字电视工程管理信息的特点,介绍了数字电视工程信息管理平台数据模型设计的整体思路,并针对工期延误原因的关联分析、多任务进度汇总的权重模型训练等重点问题进行了详细阐述。结论是,数字电视工程管理数据挖掘必须有一定的数据体系支持,对非结构化数据信息的整理是关键。     

矿产资源潜力评价数据模型应用支持研究

全国矿产资源潜力评价数据模型,是全国矿产资源潜力评价项目的基础。它描述了该工作重要中间成果数据和最终成果数据本身及其关系,入库数据格式的规范化以及入库数据内容的标准化检查均离不开数据模型的支持。因此如何使该数据模型支持应用,是一个需要研究的重要问题。文中以解决这一问题为出发点,以如何依照数据模型新建一个图件为例,研究如何用数据字典技术,解决相关的模型应用问题。     

Dynamic modelling of service delivery

Planning to deliver excellent service by balancing demand and supply in the context of a set of business policies is not an easy task. How an organisation dynamically deploys its resources and people in response to external demand determines how quickly an organisation can deliver service to its customers. To model this you need to represent the flows of work through the organisation, the resources available and the relationships between intake of work, outputs, workstacks and time-to-deliver. You also need to understand how flexible the organisation is in dealing with uncertain and fluctuating intakes and the policies the organisation adopts in deploying this flexibility. We have constructed a model of the operations of a telecommunications company that incorporates all of these elements using the system dynamics approach. This paper describes how the model is constructed and gives examples of how it can be used to explain observed behaviours. It also explains how it has been used to guide decision making on resource requirements and the optimum mix between proactive and reactive approaches to service assurance.     

Noncausal predictive image codec

The paper describes a lossy image codec that uses a noncausal (or bilateral) prediction model coupled with vector quantization. The noncausal prediction model is an alternative to the causal (or unilateral) model that is commonly used in differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) and other codecs with a predictive component. We show how to obtain a recursive implementation of the noncausal image model without compromising its optimality and how to apply this in coding in much the same way as a causal predictor. We report experimental compression results that demonstrate the superiority of using a noncausal model based predictor over using traditional causal predictors. The codec is shown to produce high-quality compressed images at low bit rates such as 0.375 b/pixel. This quality is contrasted with the degraded images that are produced at the same bit rates by codecs using causal predictors or standard discrete cosine transform/Joint Photographic Experts Group-based (DCT/JPEG-based) algorithms.     

线性及非线性介质腔中量子纠缠动力学特征

如何抑制纠缠突然死亡现象的发生对提高量子纠缠动力学演化性能具有极大地意义,初始纠缠原子分别与非线性N-J-C模型及J-C模型进行相互作用,运用共生纠缠的度量方法分析非线性、耦合强度以及失谐量对纠缠原子动力学演化的影响,寻找避免纠缠突然死亡发生条件。在J-C模型中原子在纠缠演化中发生纠缠突然死亡现象;然而在N-J-C模型中利用介质的非线性和失谐量的影响可以避免纠缠突然死亡的发生,而且一定程度上几乎可以恢复到原子间纠缠的初始值。     

Dynamic DTN Routing Strategies Based on Knowledge

This paper presents a novel based-knowledge dynamic routing model with rate allocation for delay-tolerant networks (DTNs). The objectives are how to embody knowledge about destination offered by joint nodes and how to apply knowledge about destination to transfer data when the instantaneous end-to-end paths do not exist in DTNs. The first problem is addressed through a rate allocation model. For rate allocation, taking into account the dynamic feature of rate control as well as the selfish nature of joint nodes, we design a non-cooperative differential game model to offer efficient rate allocation scheme with the constraint of limited bandwidth, and obtain a feedback Nash equilibrium solution of the game. In this study, knowledge is valued information and provides advisable solutions to problems. For the second problem, assuming that the obtained value function in rate allocation model is the available knowledge about destination of joint node; with this assumption, a polynomial time routing algorithm is proposed to describe the procedure of the routing model.     

Contextual media aesthetics as the basis for media literacy

The essay is an attempt to build a theoretical base that will help us understand what media literacy is and how it functions. The major argument is that contextual media aesthetics is the necessary foundation of media literacy and that we need to know how the basic aesthetic building blocks are used to create and shape our cognitive and affective mental maps. The media literacy model proffered here attempts to show the hierarchical relationship of four levels: (a) the basic aesthetic image elements and their aesthetic fields, (b) how they are structured for specific purposes, how we perceive them and how they affect us, and (d) how they fit into the various intellectual and cultural frameworks for media analysis.     

高速PCB 信号完整性仿真与分析

针对如何能缩短电路设计开发流程和提高设计人员工作效率,本文主要提出了如何有效解决信号完整性问题。 介绍了一种信号完整性分析的方法,使用IBIS 模型进行信号完整性分析,通过加载芯片的IBIS 模型对高速PCB 板进行 仿真,并对仿真结果进行优化分析,达到验证设计的目的。     

On the Role of the Observer and a Distortion Measure in Image Transmission

This paper considers the characteristics of the human visual system as they are related to sensitivity to encoding errors in still achromatic images. The starting point is a discussion in Section I of the role of a numerical measure of distortion in the determination of optimum encoding. Section II then discusses several ways of determining properties of the human observer and discusses the methodology of psychophysical experiments. Section III then discusses the results of a number of pertinent experiments and presents a model based on these experiments for detecting perturbations of an image. Section IV concludes by discussing how this model can be incorporated into a distortion measure and how this distortion measure might be used. Since the model of the human observer is quite complicated, the mathematical model is not tractable analytically, and results in this last section are as yet fragmentary.     

HotSpot: a dynamic compact thermal model at the processor-architecture level

This paper describes a thermal-modeling approach that is easy to use and computationally efficient for modeling thermal effects and thermal-management techniques at the processor architecture level. Our approach is based on modeling thermal behavior of the microprocessor die and its package as a circuit of thermal resistances and capacitances that correspond to functional blocks at the architecture level. This yields a simple compact model, yet heat dissipation within all major functional blocks and the heat flow among blocks and through the package are accounted for. The model is parameterized, boundary- and initial-conditions independent, and is derived by a structure assembly approach. The architecture community has demonstrated growing interest in thermal management, but currently lacks a way to model on-chip temperatures in a tractable way. Our model can be used for initial exploration of the design space at the architecture level. The model can easily be integrated into popular power/performance simulators, can be used to determine how thermal stress is correlated to the architecture, and how architecture-level design decisions influence thermal behavior and related effects.     

Prey?Predator?Protector Model for Cancer

This paper presents a simulation model of the disease cancer. Various aspects of the disease are noted and changes in these aspects are modeled to indicate their resemblance to real-life situations. As with any model, its validity depends on how well it conforms with experimental evidence, and how useful it is as a predictor of future events. It is hoped that the model will stimulate sufficient interest that such experiments will be conducted, with the ultimate goal being a better approach to the control of the disease.     

依据电信资费原理分析计费数据模型设计

电信网络是一种集成网络,可以提供多种具有不同网络特性的应用和服务,这对电信运营商产品资费模型及计费数据模型的设计也提出了更高的要求。究竟要从哪些角度考虑资费结构及其影响因素,在网络资源有限的情况下,如何制定资费策略以实现阻塞控制,提高网络使用效率,实现利润最大化,如何设计灵活的计费数据模型,成为电信运营商关注的首要问题。本文从电信资费基本原理出发,对以上问题进行了探讨,从而为电信运营商设计灵活的计费数据模型提供了参考。     

Driver Modeling Based on Driving Behavior and Its Evaluation in Driver Identification

All drivers have habits behind the wheel. Different drivers vary in how they hit the gas and brake pedals, how they turn the steering wheel, and how much following distance they keep to follow a vehicle safely and comfortably. In this paper, we model such driving behaviors as car-following and pedal operation patterns. The relationship between following distance and velocity mapped into a two-dimensional space is modeled for each driver with an optimal velocity model approximated by a nonlinear function or with a statistical method of a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Pedal operation patterns are also modeled with GMMs that represent the distributions of raw pedal operation signals or spectral features extracted through spectral analysis of the raw pedal operation signals. The driver models are evaluated in driver identification experiments using driving signals collected in a driving simulator and in a real vehicle. Experimental results show that the driver model based on the spectral features of pedal operation signals efficiently models driver individual differences and achieves an identification rate of 76.8% for a field test with 276 drivers, resulting in a relative error reduction of 55% over driver models that use raw pedal operation signals without spectral analysis     

Stability and compression of pulses in the soliton laser

We present a theory of the soliton laser which examines how an external optical fiber enables a laser to produce shorter pulses than it could produce alone. We begin by discussing a phenomenological laser model which shows how the lower limit to the mode-locked pulse width can arise. This model is coupled to an external optical fiber cavity, into which a part of the output beam is launched. The returning pulse from the fiber cavity is then mixed with a circulating pulse in the laser at the output mirror. We have found stable solutions which are nearly periodic in the external cavity. We also find more than one solution for a given set of model parameters, depending on the initial conditions. The radiation (non-soliton) part of the propagation in the optical fiber cannot be ignored. It acts as a buffer between the tendency of the fiber to produce solitons, and the fact that a pure soliton is not an exact fixed point of the laser model.     

自适应交互多模型跟踪算法的模型集设计

自适应交互多模型算法（AIMM）是标准交互多模型算法（IMM）的一种改进。但AIMM遇到了新的问题，包括如何选择自适应模型集的结构，如何从基于旧模型集的滤波器中继承各种数据。本文分析了这些问题，并给出了AIMM中模型集和模型转移概率的设计方法。仿真结果表明，改进的AIMM算法比普通的AIMM算法的跟踪性能有明显的提高。