蔗糖酯在药物递送系统的应用研究进展

蔗糖酯(Sucrose Esters,SEs)作为表面活性剂已被广泛应用在食品、化妆品工业中.近年来,SEs由于其良好的生物降解性、乳化和增溶作用,在医药领域取得巨大突破,引起了国内外研究者的极大兴趣.SEs在药物控制释放体系中,能促进药物的溶解、药物的吸收或渗透,从而提高药物的治疗效果.介绍了SEs的主要特性及其在生...     

共价有机框架材料在药物递送中的应用进展

共价有机框架(Covalent organic frameworks, COFs)是一类通过共价键连接形成的新兴多孔结晶有机聚合物，具有比表面积大、孔隙高度可调及易于化学修饰等特点，是近年来多孔材料领域的研究热点。载药量高、细胞毒性低、生物相容性良好和药物释放能力高效等特点为COFs材料在药物递送领域提供了良好的应用潜力。简要总结了近年来药物递送载体的研究进展，介绍了COFs及其复合材料的合成方法及表征，列举了COFs作为几种模型药物(如阿霉素、5-氟尿嘧啶等)的载体在药物递送中的应用，提出了COFs材料在药物递送领域中的优势，最后对目前COFs材料在药物递送领域所面临的挑战和未来发展的机遇进行了总结和展望。     

蔗糖酯表面活性剂化学合成工艺研究进展

蔗糖酯表面活性剂作为一种广受关注的生物基表面活性剂,大量应用于食品、医药和化妆品等领域。当前,蔗糖酯的合成主要采用直接酯化、酰氯酯化和酯交换法进行,其中酯交换法是最常用的方法,然而蔗糖与甲酯相容性差导致其存在蔗糖焦化结块、甲酯水解和皂化等副反应,严重影响反应效率和产品性能。基于此,该文对溶剂法、微乳化法和无溶剂法等蔗糖酯合成工艺进行了介绍,随后,着重介绍了相转移催化剂、固体碱催化剂、离子液体等新型催化技术和物理界面强化技术在蔗糖酯合成中的应用。同时,对高效固体碱催化剂设计和多过程耦合强化技术在蔗糖酯合成中的应用及其反应机制的研究进行了展望,以期为蔗糖酯的合成技术的发展提供技术指导。     

多用途的表面活性剂──蔗糖酯

多用途的表面活性剂──蔗糖酯黄平（湖南省益阳卫生学校，４１３０００）蔗糖酯的全称为蔗糖脂肪酸酯，系以蔗糖为原料，在适当的反应体系中，与脂肪酸进行酯化反应而生成。它是一种医药辅剂，又是食品、日用化学品的一种添加剂，有广泛的应用前景。１蔗糖酯制备方法１．...     

POSS在生物医药领域的应用研究进展

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）是纳米级的倍半硅氧烷分子,由于其独特的中空笼型结构,作为有机无机杂化纳米材料在医药领域的应用备受关注。本文主要就近年来POSS在药物递送系统、组织工程支架及造影成像等方面的应用进行综述。     

缩水甘油丁酸酯拆分的研究进展

缩水甘油丁酸酯是重要的药物中间体,也是重要的手性化合物,在生物、化学、医药等领域有重要的应用价值.由于是外消旋对映体结构,对其进行拆分研究具有重要的意义,田内外部在进行手性化合物方面的相关研究.本文综述了缩水甘油丁酸酯生物法拆分方面的相关研究进展.     

蔗糖酯的合成和应用

一,前言蔗糖质纯价廉,而且可年复一年地进行生产,因而将其作为化工原料,开辟了糖化学(Sucro Chemistry)这一学科领域。蔗糖长链脂肪酸酯便是这一领域的代表性产品之一。蔗糖酯属于非离子表面活性剂,最早出现在1880年,1950年以后逐渐开展大量研究。六十年代末期日本开始应用于工业方面,蔗糖酯的应用潜力还很大,值得我们注意。最近日本第一工业制药株式会社建成了     

国家纳米中心“活体自组装”生物纳米材料研究获进展

正近日,中国科学院国家纳米科学中心王浩课题组通过发展"活体自组装"技术,在细胞内构建了不同拓扑结构的纳米材料,并提出了全新的细胞内原位聚合和组装策略,为功能性纳米材料的设计提供了新思路。纳米材料在生物医学领域已被广泛研究和认可,例如药物递送、组织工程等均得到了深入研究。但纳米材料独特的生物界面效应,使其在复杂生命体中的递送过程、物理化学转化以及蓄     

壳聚糖载药微球的制备方法及在医药领域的应用

壳聚糖是唯一的天然碱性多糖,其优异的生物学特性使之成为药物载体领域研究的热点.综述了壳聚糖微球常见的制备方法,阐述了壳聚糖微球作为药物载体在医药领域的应用,介绍了药物包覆在微球中后,不仅达到了药物缓释控释的目的,还增加了其靶向性、降低了药物毒副作用.因此,对新型药物载体材料的研究及新型医药产品的开发有着重要意义.     

蔗糖酯的性能试验研究及其应用

介绍了蔗糖酯的性能,进行了其水溶性、分散性、耐酸、耐碱、耐盐试验,并介绍了其在食品、医药、化妆品等方面的应用。     

An Update on Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Neural Growth and Central Nervous System Regeneration

Thanks to their reduced size, great surface area, and capacity to interact with cells and tissues, nanomaterials present some attractive biological and chemical characteristics with potential uses in the field of biomedical applications. In this context, graphene and its chemical derivatives have been extensively used in many biomedical research areas from drug delivery to bioelectronics and tissue engineering. Graphene-based nanomaterials show excellent optical, mechanical, and biological properties. They can be used as a substrate in the field of tissue engineering due to their conductivity, allowing to study, and educate neural connections, and guide neural growth and differentiation; thus, graphene-based nanomaterials represent an emerging aspect in regenerative medicine. Moreover, there is now an urgent need to develop multifunctional and functionalized nanomaterials able to arrive at neuronal cells through the blood-brain barrier, to manage a specific drug delivery system. In this review, we will focus on the recent applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in vitro and in vivo, also combining graphene with other smart materials to achieve the best benefits in the fields of nervous tissue engineering and neural regenerative medicine. We will then highlight the potential use of these graphene-based materials to construct graphene 3D scaffolds able to stimulate neural growth and regeneration in vivo for clinical applications.     

Insights into Infusion-Based Targeted Drug Delivery in the Brain: Perspectives,Challenges and Opportunities

Targeted drug delivery in the brain is instrumental in the treatment of lethal brain diseases, such as glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive primary central nervous system tumour in adults. Infusion-based drug delivery techniques, which directly administer to the tissue for local treatment, as in convection-enhanced delivery (CED), provide an important opportunity; however, poor understanding of the pressure-driven drug transport mechanisms in the brain has hindered its ultimate success in clinical applications. In this review, we focus on the biomechanical and biochemical aspects of infusion-based targeted drug delivery in the brain and look into the underlying molecular level mechanisms. We discuss recent advances and challenges in the complementary field of medical robotics and its use in targeted drug delivery in the brain. A critical overview of current research in these areas and their clinical implications is provided. This review delivers new ideas and perspectives for further studies of targeted drug delivery in the brain.     

Chiral Polymers and Polymeric Particles for Enantioselective Crystallization

Chiral polymers and chiral polymeric particles have emerged as a new and exciting field of research in recent years mainly due to their possibly applications in chiral chemistry. This paper reviews the present state of the art regarding production techniques for the synthesis and applications of chiral polymeric particles. The main methods for preparing of chiral polymeric particles such as: direct polymerization, emulsion, precipitation, and suspension polymerization of chiral monomers, are reviewed. Moreover, in this article we also present the use of chiral polymers as chiral templates for the synthesis of chiral mesoporous materials. In this review we highlighted the properties and parameters involved in the preparation of these chiral polymeric materials. The present review focuses mainly on the use of chiral polymer and chiral polymeric particles for enantioselective crystallization and enantioseparation. References of the most relevant literature published by various research groups are provided. Anyway, it is clear that chiral polymeric particles are a distinctive type of chiral nanomaterials that can find many new application in other fields like, chiral drug delivery systems, enantioselective catalysis. We hope that this review article will inspired new researchers in this field and will boost the research dealing on chiral polymeric particles especially in their implementation in new areas in chiral chemistry.     

Review of crosslinked and non‐crosslinked copolyesters for tissue engineering and drug delivery

Novel degradable biomedical materials are found to have huge potential applications in fields such as drug delivery and release, orthopedic fixation support and tissue engineering. Utilization of polymers as biomaterials has greatly impacted the advancement of modern medicine. In this review, some new degradable biomedical copolyesters reported in recent years are introduced and discussed in combination with some of our research results, including non‐crosslinked copolyesters, crosslinked copolyesters and their corresponding derivatives. The molecular design, chemical structures and related properties of these biodegradable copolyesters are reported. In summarizing the review, the development, potential applications and future directions of degradable biomedical copolyesters are discussed. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

Polyphosphazenes—A Promising Candidate for Drug Delivery,Bioimaging, and Tissue Engineering: A Review

Synthetic polymer materials have been surged to the forefront of research in the fields of tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biomonitoring in recent years. Biodegradable synthetic polymers are increasingly needed as transient substrates for tissue regeneration and medicine delivery. In contrast to commonly used polymers including polyesters, polylactones, polyanhydrides, poly(propylene fumarates), polyorthoesters, and polyurethanes, biodegradable polyphosphazenes (PPZs) hold great potential for the purposes indicated above. PPZ's versatility in the synthetic process has enabled the production of a variety of polymers with various physico-chemical, and biological properties have been produced, making them appropriate for biomedical applications. Biocompatible PPZs are often used as scaffolds in the regeneration of skeleton, bones, and other tissues. PPZs have also received special attention as potential drug vehicles of high-value biopharmaceuticals such as anticancer drugs. Additionally, by incorporating fluorophores into the PPZ backbone to produce photoluminescent biodegradable PPZs, the utility of polyphosphazenes is further expanded as they are used in tracking the regeneration of the target tissue as well as the fate of PPZ based scaffolds or drug delivery vehicles. This review provides a summary of the evolution of PPZ applications in the fields of tissue engineering, drug delivery, and bioimaging in recent 5 years.     

Emerging Perspectives in the Synthesis of Novel Degradable Biomedical Copolymers

Biodegradable polymer is playing an increasingly significant role in the development of biomedical materials due to its good biocompatibility and biodegradability, and is undoubtedly the focus in the biomedical fields, such as controlled drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. In this review, some new degradable biomedical copolymers reported over the past 5 years are introduced and discussed in combination with some our research results. The molecular design, chemical structures and related properties of these novel biodegradable copolymers are reported. In summarizing the review, the development, potential applications and future directions of the degradable biomedical copolymers are discussed.     

壳聚糖接枝改性及其在生物医学领域的应用

壳聚糖作为重要的天然生物材料,其改性与应用得到了广泛关注.综述了近年来壳聚糖的化学接枝改性方法,包括开环聚合法(ROP)、原子转移自由基法(ATRP)、可逆加成断裂链转移聚合法(RAFT)、以及氮氧稳定自由基聚合法(NMP)等.并进一步综述了壳聚糖接枝共聚物在药物控释栽体、基因载体、组织工程材料等生物医学领域的应用.     

Contemporary mesoporous materials for drug delivery applications: a review

The current avalanche in the literature reports on the synthesis and application of novel mesoporous materials is a matter of interest for the chemist community all over the world. Different classes of ordered mesoporous matrices are designed with fine internal architectures which are suitable for loading and release of several molecular assemblies of practical interest. The present scenario in this regard has prompted us to undertake a review on the advancement of such materials in the field of drug delivery applications. In the present review, we have considered the different possible mesoporous materials suitable for delivery of widely used drugs. We have presented here a general outline of such mesoporous materials and discussed the mechanistic features of their cargo behaviour for different classes of drugs viz., anticancer, antirheumatic, antihypertensive and so on. Finally, the discussion has been concluded with the current scenario of their practical utility and the future prospects of this vastly growing research field. The present review is made to create an impression on the development of the mesoporous materials for their possible applications towards delivery of some important drugs.     

Nanoscale Bioactive Glasses in Medical Applications

This review focuses on recent advances in the development and use of nanoscale silicate bioactive glasses for medical applications. In the context of materials for bone substitution, dental applications, and bone tissue engineering, nanoscale bioactive glasses have been gaining attention due to their expected superior osteoconductivity when compared with conventional (micrometer-sized) bioactive glass materials. A detailed overview of recent developments in the field of nanoscale bioactive glasses will be given, including a summary of common fabrication methods and diverse application areas which include tissue engineering scaffolds and coatings, drug delivery devices, and dentistry. The nanofeatures characteristic of this type of bioactive glasses and the possibilities to expand their use in biomedical applications (nanomedicine) are highlighted.     

Chitosan—A versatile semi-synthetic polymer in biomedical applications

This review outlines the new developments on chitosan-based bioapplications. Over the last decade, functional biomaterials research has developed new drug delivery systems and improved scaffolds for regenerative medicine that is currently one of the most rapidly growing fields in the life sciences. The aim is to restore or replace damaged body parts or lost organs by transplanting supportive scaffolds with appropriate cells that in combination with biomolecules generate new tissue. This is a highly interdisciplinary field that encompasses polymer synthesis and modification, cell culturing, gene therapy, stem cell research, therapeutic cloning and tissue engineering. In this regard, chitosan, as a biopolymer derived macromolecular compound, has a major involvement. Chitosan is a polyelectrolyte with reactive functional groups, gel-forming capability, high adsorption capacity and biodegradability. In addition, it is innately biocompatible and non-toxic to living tissues as well as having antibacterial, antifungal and antitumor activity. These features highlight the suitability and extensive applications that chitosan has in medicine. Micro/nanoparticles and hydrogels are widely used in the design of chitosan-based therapeuticsystems. The chemical structure and relevant biological properties of chitosan for regenerative medicine have been summarized as well as the methods for the preparation of controlled drug release devices and their applications.