不同调理剂对污泥堆肥过程中理化参数的影响

文章以玉米芯、花生壳和小麦秸秆作为有机调理剂,研究添加不同调理剂对污泥好氧发酵过程中理化参数变化的影响。结果表明,污泥中添加小麦秸秆的升温速率能够达到最高温度以及高温维持时间都要优于污泥中添加玉米芯和添加花生壳,但是添加小麦秸秆的氮损失量较为严重,达到20.72%。添加花生壳和添加小麦秸秆的污泥挥发性固体含量(VS)的降解效果较好,分别为15.47%和19.47%。考虑到玉米芯和花生壳对生产成本的影响,建议采用污泥和小麦秸秆进行污泥好氧堆肥。     

堆肥污泥施用后氮磷流失对水环境影响的研究

为探讨堆肥污泥土地利用后,在持续降雨情况下,从堆肥污泥中流失的氮磷对水环境的影响,选取校园林地土壤及北郊污水处理厂的堆肥污泥进行淋溶实验,旨在研究长春地区雨季丰沛期,堆肥污泥林地利用过程中氮磷流失对水环境的影响。结果表明,初次淋洗时土壤淋溶液中氮、磷素的含量,均随堆肥污泥施用量的增加而增加,总氮由对照组的3.055 mg/L升至3.429 mg/L;总磷由对照组的0.251 mg/L升至0.409 mg/L;氨氮由对照组的0.896 mg/L升至1.208 mg/L。另外,当堆肥污泥在林地土壤中的施用量控制在40%以下,月降雨量达到205.5 mm时,土壤淋溶液中氨氮的含量将升高至1.208mg/L,仍符合农业用水的水质标准。     

造纸污泥对生活污泥有机堆肥理化性能的改良

用造纸污泥和城市污泥混合堆肥改善堆肥的理化性能,提高堆肥效果。把城市污泥与造纸污泥按一定比例混合并加入辅料枯枝落叶,秸秆,石灰粉(调节p H)等。对堆肥的保水性能、有机碳、有效氮进行了检测。将堆肥样品与泥土按1:10的比例混合后进行小白菜的种植实验,并对生长的小白菜进行了重金属的含量分析。实验结果表明,加入造纸污泥能提高生活污泥堆肥的保水性能,改善传统污泥堆肥板结的现象,形成疏松多孔结构。造纸污泥的增加对生活污泥堆肥中有机质分解效率有较好的正相关关系,而造纸污泥本身有效氮含量低,对生活污泥有效氮总量起稀释作用。种植实验发现,生活污泥和造纸污泥重量比在大约2︰1时,小白菜生长最好。混合堆肥比只用城市污泥堆肥,生长的小白菜中重金属含量降低。     

ENS污泥堆肥工艺及应用实践

通过分析污泥堆肥的原理及特殊性,提出污泥堆肥的工艺理念,介绍ENS污泥堆肥工艺及其应用。ENS堆肥工艺主要包括污泥微观混合预调理、静态条堆、柔和通风、氧-温在线监测及通风抽风的智能化控制。该工艺在污泥堆肥工程中的应用效果表明,具有作业灵活简单、发酵周期短、脱水快、能耗低、臭气源头控制等特点。     

市政污泥好氧堆肥处理影响因素的实验研究

为避免污泥产生的二次污染及充分利用污泥中的有效成分,对污泥进行堆肥处理是较好的污泥处理方法.考察了污泥含固率和pH值对污泥堆肥过程的影响.结果表明,污泥可堆肥的舍固率范围为25%～75%,最佳含固率为35%;可堆肥pH值为5.3～8.5.最佳pH值为7.4～8.3.     

污泥堆肥及其复合肥对草坪生物效应和环境效应的影响

研究了污泥堆肥及复合肥对草坪草的生物效应、土壤效应的影响.试验结果表明,污泥堆肥及草坪专用复合肥对草坪草的生长具有良好的生物效应.污泥堆肥及复合肥的施用使草坪草的叶绿素含量增加,污泥堆肥施用量高的叶绿素含量明显高于其它处理,达到了一级水平.试验结果还表明,污泥堆肥及复合肥的施用促进了草坪草叶片对氮素的吸收,使草坪草在成坪期获得了充足的养分.并保持了肥料的持续性.污泥堆肥及复合肥对草坪草具有较好的培肥效应,污泥堆肥及复合肥处理可提高土壤全量及有效N,P和K含量,且明显高于对照组.     

投加回用熟料的一级强化污泥高温好氧堆肥处理

上海市白龙港污水处理厂一级强化污泥量大、致密粘稠、有机质含量少,采用传统的填埋技术占地面积巨大、物料腐熟周期长、填埋难度大.为此开展了中试研究,以好氧堆肥技术的一次发酵作为填埋预处理方法,以填埋场作为二次发酵场地,较原污泥直接填埋节省占地,缩短填埋时间.课题开展了一级强化污泥好氧堆肥的可行性研究,在此基础上将堆肥7 d的物料回用至堆肥初始混合物料中,研究物料回用技术的作用.研究表明,对上海市白龙港污水处理厂一级强化污泥采用好氧堆肥的技术是可行的.经堆肥化过程产生的腐熟物料回用于污泥堆肥,不仅可以起到接种剂的作用,同时调节污泥的空隙率和含水率,解决堆肥过程调理剂问题.从熟料回用的堆肥效果来看,回用次数不宜超过3次.     

城镇污水厂污泥好氧堆肥生产运营中的常见问题及措施

该文分析了郑州市某污泥处置厂好氧堆肥生产过程存在的问题,提出了通过管控优化污泥堆肥工艺参数、提升管理人员的业务能力等措施,来解决堆肥发酵生产过程中由气候温度、混料生产、原材料、发酵过程管控等因素引发的问题。此外,稳定发酵周期,提高堆肥和高效土壤改良剂质量和附加值,推动市政污泥堆肥行业的健康良性发展。     

污水厂污泥好氧堆肥实验研究

污泥堆肥是一种有效的处理城市污水厂污泥方法,通过堆肥可以使污泥转化成有利于植物生长的有机肥料。本实验以秸秆作为蓬松剂,通过好氧堆肥实验,分析了实验随p H值、温度、含水率、发芽指数和水溶性有机碳等变化的相关情况,结果表明:经过好氧堆肥处理能够实现城市污泥无害化、稳定化和减量化的要求。     

基于堆肥的污泥预处理方法研究进展

阐述了水热、超声、微波、臭氧、化学淋滤、生物沥浸、水解酸化等堆肥预处理方法的概念、原理和特点,分析了不同预处理方法对污泥堆肥特性、污染物的降解和去除以及肥质肥效的影响。基于堆肥的污泥预处理,可去除污泥中部分有毒有害物质、缩短堆肥时间、加快发酵速度、减少氮素损失、提高养分含量,是满足污泥安全土地利用的有效手段。还对组合预处理相较单一预处理的技术优势进行了归纳总结,指出高效、低耗、安全的预处理组合方法将成为城市污泥堆肥及其土地利用研究的重点。     

Effect of air temperature and aeration strategy on water removal during sewage sludge composting

Water removal is one of the main objectives of sewage sludge composting to reduce the volume and mass of sewage sludge. In this study, the effect of aeration strategy and ambient temperature (summer and winter) on composting pile temperature, moisture content, and volatile solid (VS) change were studied during sewage sludge composting processes in a well-operated sludge composting plant. The results showed that the temperatures of the composting pile could remain above 55°C for more than 3 days under all conditions, which was sufficient to meet the requirement of harmless treatment. Moisture content of composting material decreased from 65%–69% to 39.2%–52.6% within 20 days, and VS decreased to about 77%. In the end of the composting process, cumulative water removal was 0.45–0.47?kg/kg in summer, which was significantly higher than that in winter (0.35–0.36?kg/kg). When the average aeration rate was fixed, aeration strategy with a smaller aeration rate and higher on/off time ratio showed more water removal than that with a higher aeration rate and lower on/off time ratio in summer, but showed reverse results in winter.     

Drying of Sewage Sludge During Composting in an Updraft Dryer with the Concept of Using Self-Energy Generated Within the System

An innovative technology for sewage treatment systems is proposed. A mixture of sewage sludge and char particle is subjected to drying in the progress of composting in an updraft column. Exothermic heat generated during composting is utilized for energy of sludge drying. The char particle in the mixture contributes to enhancement of composting and drying rate. This study presents drying and composting behaviors of sludge to examine the effect of char addition. A fundamental drying experiment was carried out by hot-air heating of the sample in a small vessel. The drying characteristic curve for a mixture of sludge and char was greater than the sample of only sludge over a whole period if the drying rates were compared with the same moisture content. The drying behavior could be analyzed with a reasonable agreement by the water front receding model. The enhancement effect of drying and composting of sludge by char addition was confirmed by examination using a pilot scale of the updraft column whose volume was 50 m³. Sludge with 400% dry base (80% wet base) in moisture content could be dried successfully to lower moisture content than 67% dry base (40% wet base) only by exothermic heat during composting without supplying any auxiliary energy from the outside, and the treatment time was reduced by mixing char in sludge. The behavior was analyzed with a satisfactory agreement by a theoretical model employing moisture diffusion parameters determined from the drying characteristic curve.     

城市绿地施用污泥堆肥中的重金属污染与控制

城市绿地施用污泥堆肥试验表明:施用污泥堆肥后,土壤上层(0-20cm)6种金属元素(Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr)的含量明显提高,但即使一次污泥施用量达200t/hm2时,径流水和渗滤水中6种金属元素的含量均低于农田灌溉水质标准。为避免城市绿地长期施用污泥堆肥造成土壤中重金属的过量积累,造成污染,可根据污泥中重金属的含量和有关参数,通过计算确定施用地污泥的最大允许负荷量来加以控制。     

城市污水厂污泥堆肥技术研究

随着城市的发展,城市污水厂污泥也迅速增加。目前污泥堆肥化处理已经成为国内外学者研究的热点。将污泥进行堆肥化处理是污泥资源化利用的前提和有效手段。文章对污泥好氧堆肥的系统分类、影响因素、腐熟度评价指标等进行综述,并简要指出了今后的研究方向。     

挥发性固体测试的灼烧条件研究

灼烧减重法测试有机质便捷快速,本文选定该法进行研究并设计实验。通过对特别选定的几组有机物质进行灼烧,改变灼烧温度和灼烧时间两个参数,对各组物质在不同灼烧条件下测得的挥发性固体含量进行分析,据此探讨表征堆肥污泥有效挥发性固体相对适宜的灼烧温度和灼烧时间。     

Strategies of valorization of sludge from wastewater treatment

Sludge is regarded as a potential source to achieve valorization via strategies such as resource recovery, sludge based adsorbents preparation, bioflucculants production, sludge manufacturing construction materials preparation, sludge composting and thermal valorization, which are currently common and effective strategies. Appropriate treatment strategies of sludge are of great importance worldwide for the fast growing population and rapidly increasing waste. This mini review summarized some widely used and effective strategies to achieve sludge valorization based on whether the strategy would utilize or reuse the potential of sludge to obtain valuable product and eliminate secondary pollution. Anaerobic digestion of sludge is perceived as a potentially cost‐effective method to achieve sludge reduction and resource recovery including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus resource recovery coupled with other technologies. Utilizing sludge as raw material for preparation of valuable products including sludge based adsorbents, bioflocculants and construction materials is another aspect to achieve sludge valorization. Sludge composting and thermal valorization are also introduced in the mini review since the two strategies could also achieve sludge valorization. In addition, the strategies mentioned were discussed and analyzed in the mini review from environmental and economic aspects. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

城市污泥资源化利用研究进展

传统的城市污水厂污泥处理方法具有不能有效利用可再用资源、易造成二次环境危害的弊端,提出积极进行污泥资源化研究才是解决我国城市污泥处理处置的有效途径.详细介绍了污泥资源化技术的多样性,它包括:堆肥利用技术、建材化技术、能源化技术、材料化技术、污泥蛋白质利用技术,其中污泥堆肥技术效果显著、适用范围广、成本较低,适合我国小城...     

城市污水处理厂污泥焚烧处理的探讨

目前随着环境科学的发展,对填埋法、排海、堆肥、焚烧等污泥处理方法有了进一步的认识。对污泥焚烧技术进行分析,污泥处理要做到减量化、资源化、无害化,污泥焚烧技术已成为污泥处理的主流技术。     

污泥堆肥处理影响因素研究

通过试验,考察了城市污水处理厂污泥中水分和pH值对污泥堆肥过程的影响。试验结果显示:污泥可堆肥的水分质量分数上限为80%,下限为30%,最佳含水率为60%;污泥可堆肥pH值为5.2~8.8,而最佳pH值为7.6~8.7。