STEP-NC数控系统译码模块的研究

采用VisualC＋＋6．0开发出STEP—NC数控系统软件。根据STEP—NC程序和数控系统的特点,将系统分为三大模块：译码模块、仿真模块和执行模块。首先简述了三大模块的主要功能,然后详细分析了其中译码模块的基本组成、工作原理和实现方法。     

高性能数控系统解释技术的研究与实现

针对高性能数控系统中解释器面临的要求,通过深入分析现有数控系统中解释器及与之交互的任务控制器的主要功能及实现方法,指出其在高速高精加工时存在的不足,在此基础上设计并实现了一种高效的NC代码解释机制;然后,对现有数控系统进行了基于STEP-NC的改造,提出了面向网络化制造STEP-NC数控系统的基本框架,并重点介绍了基于XML的STEP-NC程序解释器的设计与实现.     

基于STEP-NC车削仿真的关键技术探讨

基于STEP-NC的智能化数控系统开发的一部分,以车削仿真为研究对象,重点探讨了STEP-NC车削数控系统中仿真模块实现的几个关键技术,为STEP-NC车削数控系统智能化的实现提供了一定的理论依据.     

网络化制造中基于STEP-NC的编程方法

STEP-NC是由欧美提出的新的数控接口标准，目的是取代旧的数控标准ISO6983。本文首先分析了STEP-NC的两种应用标准：ISO14649（ARM）和STEPAP238（AIM），并且分析了Part21和Part28的应用领域及Part21文件格式和其中的信息产生方法。然後介绍了ST-Developer环境下ROSEC＋＋颠库编程接口及其应用程序的早、晚编联方式，并且以此为基础设计了整个程序的编程流程，重点介绍了工艺规划设计。最后给出了在C＋＋编程环境下利用ROSE库函数写入形成STEP AP238文件的方法。     

基于STEP-NC的数控NT仿真技术

STEP-NC是当今数控技术发展的一个热门话提，本文阐述了STEP-NC相对传统数据接口的优点，STEP-NC的数据模型以及程序结构：研究了STEP-NC关键技术，并且给出了STEP-NC数控程序在实际CAM系统中进行加工仿真的方法：最后通过实例实现了其与CAD／CAM的集成.[编者按]     

组态计算机数控系统体系结构的研究

在介绍了组态软件的出现背景与发展趋势,分析了开放式数控系统研究现状的基础上,结合组件级软件开发的设计思路,针对开放式数控系统的软件开发难度大,耗时长,开发工作重复度高等问题,提出了组态计算机数控系统的解决方案;将组件化程序设计思想应用到开放式数控系统的开发中,并研究了该系统的总体体系结构,分析了系统各部分的功能,并以此初步划分了组态计算机数控系统的各个组件,给出了各组件的设计思路;初步搭建了组态数控系统的总体框架.     

基于领域建模的数控系统代码生成技术

为提高数控软件系统开发效率,提出基于领域建模的代码自动生成开发方法。该方法在数控领域元模型的基础上建立了数控系统的建模环境,以模型数据到源代码的映射规则库为基础,开发了面向目标环境的模型解释器。根据数控产品不同的需求,能够从模型层次对系统功能进行重配置,并通过模型解释器自动生成源代码或相关配置文件。以二轴和三轴运动控制系统为开发对象进行验证,结果证明该方法能有效缩短数控系统开发周期,提高开发效率。     

基于ADT850运动控制卡的数控系统研究

根据NC嵌入PC的开放式数控系统工作原理,在对ADT850运动控制卡研究的基础上,构建了基于PC+ADT850运动控制卡的开放式数控系统硬件结构和软件结构;利用实时中断服务处理模式规划控制软件框图,设计了数控系统控制界面,实现了运动控制卡与PC之间的数据通讯。试验结果表明,该系统的使用性能良好,设计合理。     

基于PC的开放式数控系统关键技术研究

主要研究了基于PC的开放式数控系统功能实现的方案与关键技术.在分析了开放式数控系统应用现状并阐述了PC数控系统结构及开放式数控系统构成的基础上,完成了低成本、可重构的开放式数控系统的设计及系统开放式软硬件体系的建立,系统控制器通过编程完成对输入、输出量的规划过程,通过PID控制伺服电机的输出,从而实现对伺服电机轨迹输出...     

Process control in CNC manufacturing for discrete components: A STEP-NC compliant framework

With today's highly competitive global manufacturing marketplace, the pressure for right-first-time manufacture has never been so high. New emerging data standards combined with machine data collection methods, such as in-process verification lead the way to a complete paradigm shift from the traditional manufacturing and inspection to intelligent networked process control. Low-level G and M codes offer very limited information on machine capabilities or work piece characteristics which consequently, results in no information being available on manufacturing processes, inspection plans and work piece attributes in terms of tolerances, etc. and design features to computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines. One solution to the aforementioned problems is using STEP-NC (ISO 14649) suite of standards, which aim to provide higher-level information for process control. In this paper, the authors provide a definition for process control in CNC manufacturing and identify the challenges in achieving process control in current CNC manufacturing scenario. The paper then introduces a STEP-compliant framework that makes use of self-learning algorithms that enable the manufacturing system to learn from previous data and results in eliminating the errors and consistently producing quality products. The framework relies on knowledge discovery methods such as data mining encapsulated in a process analyser to derive rules for corrective measures to control the manufacturing process. The design for the knowledge-based process analyser and the various process control mechanisms conclude the paper.     

A novel open CNC architecture based on STEP-NC data model and IEC 61499 function blocks

Modern manufacturing industries demand computer numeric controllers, having higher level input languages than outdated G-code, and less proprietary vendor dependencies. IEC 61499 is a new standard for distributed measurement and control systems, that enables portability and interoperability of embedded controllers, along with the ease of their mapping to arbitrary distributed networking hardware configurations. This paper demonstrates that the IEC 61499 reference architecture can be successfully used to create a computer numeric controller, offering interoperability, portability, configurability, and distribution characteristics. The layered CNC-FB architecture is proposed, which simplifies the design of a CNC machine controller with the architecture layers responsible for data processing, data storage and execution. In combination with the object-oriented Model-View-Control design pattern, the CNC-FB architecture supports the design framework, in which simulation of the machining becomes natural and inherent part of the design process, with seamless transition from simulation to actual machining. The implemented controller was tested in both the model and on an actual milling machine.     

基于PROFIBUS-DP的计算机数控系统

本文在分析了传统计算机数控系统布线复杂和维护困难的基础上，提出基于PROFIBUS－DP现场总线的计算机数控系统，总结了该系统在应用时的特点，结合加工中心数控系统，给出了该系统的现场总线网络结构。     

基于PROFIBUS的计算机数控系统研究

本文在分析了传统计算机数控系统布线复杂和维护困难的基础上,提出基于现场总线的计算机数控系统。结合数控加工中心,给出了该数控系统的现场总线结构,总结了该系统在应用中的特点,并论述了该系统的通信原理。     

面向STEP-NC的数据处理与仿真平台研发

介绍了STEP-NC数据模型的基本特点，分析了数控程序中的信息类型，研究了从STEP-NC文件中直接提取制造信息的基本方法，建立了基于特征的数控加工几何仿真模型，并讨论了相应的实现方法和技术。最后在ST-Developer环境下开发了一个基本的STEP-NC支持平台，其基本功能包括STEP-NC文件的翻译、制造信息的提取、组织和图形化显示等，并能以工步为单位进行仿真。     

A Unified Manufacturing Resource Model for representing CNC machining systems

Standard information representation in the manufacturing business has always focused on products with information relating to their design, geometry and required processes. However there is no standardized information model available to represent the manufacturing equipment used to produce such products. This equipment contributes as a significant investment in setting up a CNC manufacturing facility and is considered as a major asset of the business. Thus the authors see a need for an effective model to represent such equipment particularly the most expensive assets namely CNC machining systems. Such a model could represent the machine resource and also its additional auxiliary devices such as workpiece and cutting tool changing mechanisms, bar feeders, pallet/gantry systems and robotic arms. These devices can function with a CNC only when the controller's resource data model can represent their functionality. Currently every machine tool and auxiliary device manufacturer promotes their own resource data models; resulting in a plethora of representation methods which are bespoke and incomplete in terms of representing the entire system's resources. This paper proposes a Unified Manufacturing Resource Model termed UMRM. UMRM not only has the novel capability to provide the information to define the various elements of the CNC machining system, but also has the added capability to provide support for automation of process planning decision making.     

Modelling and implementing circular sawblade stone cutting processes in STEP-NC

The paper presents a STEP-NC compliant implementation of circular sawblade stone cutting machining processes. Although some stone machining processes has been already covered in the STEP-NC research and standardization initiatives (as for instance stone machining through stone milling machines), there have not been yet, however, any detailed model proposal to cover circular sawblade stone cutting operations. Sawblade cutting technology for stone parts have several specific parameters with no clear equivalent technologies as defined in milling, turning, etc. The paper reviews main characteristics of the circular sawblade stone cutting machining operations, and proposes a STEP-NC extended model based on the selection and definition of new features and on the modelling of these stone cutting operations. The resulting model is the base for the development of the STEP-NC stone cutting CAM and CNC machine. The machine architecture is designed to be able to react to changes in the machining conditions, very common in this technology. The system is based on the definition of features to be communicated to the controller. The controller has the objective of machining the features, and it is able to re planning, on real time, the work to get them despite changing conditions in the stone or in the disc.     

基于片上系统的可重构数控系统研究

为适应柔性化制造的发展趋势,提出了一种基于可编程片上系统的机床数控系统设计方案,使得数控系统可以按需重构;首先给出了嵌入式数控系统的总体硬件设计,接着说明了可编程片上系统(SOPC)的内部架构设计和Nios II软核处理器具体配置,实现MCU、DSP和用户逻辑在一片FPGA芯片上的集成;最后设计了数控系统的重构方案并在EP2C50芯片上进行了重构实验,共有9,963,392bit重构数据,在20MHz时钟下整个重构周期耗时748毫秒,能满足数控机床使用中的现场实时重构要求。