基于九叉树分割的曲面片上点的快速反解算法

本文针对曲面造型中，”由参数样条曲面上点的笛卡尔坐标，反求其对应参数“的反解问题，提出了一种通过曲面快速分割来逼近最终解的快速，简单，可靠的反解算法；并以Ｂ样条参数曲面为例，介绍了算法的实现过程。     

基于散乱数据的B样条曲面重构与优化

利用B样条曲面表示初始逼近曲面，利用三次B样条曲线优化曲面，实现了散乱数据的曲面重构，算例表明，算法简单易行，逼近效果良好。     

P-nary细分多层B样条算法及曲面拟合

多层B样条方法在曲面的拟合中提供了新的途径.在证明均匀B样条基函数P-nary细分方程基础上,给出了均匀B样条曲线的P-nary细分控制点之间的计算公式,进而讨论了B样条曲面的P-nary细分问题,并将其用于层次B样条曲面拟合.提出了基于P-nary细分多层B样条曲面拟合算法.该算法加快了层次B样条曲面拟合中网格加细后曲面控制点的计算,数值实例显示所给算法的有效性.     

LCD Mura缺陷的B样条曲面拟合背景抑制

针对机器视觉检测TFT-LCD Mura缺陷时存在的图像整体亮度不均匀、背景复杂等影响检测准确性的问题,提出一种基于B样条曲面拟合的背景抑制方法。在最小二乘法准则的约束下,采用双三次B样条曲面拟合算法拟合出背景,并添加光顺项调整拟合精度,用原始图像减去拟合背景,从而消除亮度不均匀背景对缺陷分割造成的影响。为提高算法速度,对原始图像进行分块拟合,并将双三次B样条函数分解为一元函数求解,减小了计算量,同时避免了对原函数求解时容易出现的病态解问题。实验结果表明,该算法准确、高效。     

光线跟踪技术显示NURBS裁剪曲面

本文针对曲面造型系统中ＮＵＲＢＳ裁剪曲面的真实感显示需求，提出使用四叉树的数据结构和参数和空间映射的新技术，实现了光线跟踪技术的快速计算和图形的反走样处理，同时，参数域上的扫描线判断法能快速正确地识别曲面上的裁剪区域。     

EB样条曲线曲面顶点的反算及特殊情形的讨论

本文给出了一种新的EB样条曲线、曲面在各种边界条件下的反算矩阵通式;并且讨论了特征多边形顶点共线和重顶点对两种较常用(即k=0和k=1/8时)的EB样条曲线形状变化的影响。其结果表明,适当迭取顶点共线和重顶点能使EB样条曲线、曲面满足实际应用中复杂外形设计对曲线、曲面的特殊要求。     

基于B样条自由曲面体间最短距离计算算法研究

提出了一种快速求解B样条曲线间最短距离的算法。该算法首先运用ULB方法,计算出两条NUBS曲线控制多边形间一对距离为极小值的点,以此对极小值点的连线方向作为曲线间最短距离的矢量方向,然后用爬山法求出两曲线在该矢量方向上的一对极值点,并以此对极值点作为拟牛顿迭代法求解非线性方程组的初始值,这样大大减少了求解方程组根的迭代次数,可快速求出精确解。最后把该算法扩展到NURBS自由曲面。     

B-样条曲面的局部形状改进算法

提出了一种双三次B-样条曲面局部形状改进算法。首先根据节点处三阶不连续性的近似局部光顺准则，选择曲面待光顺的节点；然后利用约束的最小二乘逼近法修改相应的局部控制顶点网，从而降低曲面局部的三阶不连续性，使局部形状得到改进。在详细描述算法原理后，给出了算法的实现步骤。     

一类C2连续可调控的交错B样条曲面

提出一类C^2连续可调控的带参数ε的交错B样条曲面的生成方法,这种曲面具有普通3次B样条曲面的主要性质,在控制点固定时,改变参数ε的值能调控曲面的位置,当ε→0时曲面整体地逼近于控制多面体网。     

基于Bezier曲面的快速插值算法改善全景图像的分辨率

全景环形透镜(PAL)是基于平面圆柱投影法将围绕光轴360°的视场投影到环形平面上,具有景深无限远,图像映射关系为线性特点,在机器人视觉、监控和虚拟现实领域有着重要的应用.实际应用中需要将环形像无失真的展开为常规平面像,此过程需要进行插值处理,三次样条插值精度较高,但是速度很慢.文章采用Bezier曲面的插值算法,并针对全景图像的特点,提出了Bezier曲面的全景图像快速插值算法,使得图像分辨率比样条插值和双线性插值得到改善的同时,插值处理时间比三次样条插值缩短了80%左右.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.