Modification Research on Polypropylene with Acrylic-Silicon Oil Lanthanum

It is hard that inducting rare earth into common resin by bond combination. General plastic polypropylene (PP) containing rare earth was prepared by the bond combination of PP and acrylic-silicon oil lanthanum, which was obtained by reaction of acrylic acid ethylene silicon oil. The principle and method of the graft copolymerization of PP and acrylicsilicon oil lanthanum were discussed. The graft copolymer was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical property of graft copolymer was measured by electronic tensile testing machine and impact testing machine. The experimental results showed that crosslinking reaction between PP and acrylic-silicon oil lanthanum happened, acrylic-silicon oil lanthanum did not harm PP's performances. PP's tensile strength almost kept the same and impact strength obviously increased.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定电池级混合稀土金属中稀土配分和非稀土杂质

盐酸溶解样品后,将稀土配分镧、铈、镨、钕和非稀土杂质铁、硅、锌、镁配制成混合标准溶液系列并绘制校准曲线,保持标准溶液系列中稀土总量与试液中稀土总量一致以消除基体效应,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定电池级混合稀土金属中稀土配分镧、铈、镨、钕和非稀土杂质铁、硅、锌、镁。进行了各元素分析谱线的选择,考察了稀土元素对非稀土杂质元素及非稀土杂质元素间的干扰情况。各元素校准曲线线性回归方程的相关系数均不小于0.998 8。按照实验方法测定合成样品中稀土配分镧、铈、镨、钕,测定结果与理论值一致,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)不大于3.0%。非稀土杂质铁、硅、锌、镁的检出限为0.001 0%～0.002 8%(质量分数),测定下限为0.005 0%～0.014%(质量分数)。对低锌低镁电池极混合稀土金属样品中非稀土杂质进行测定,测定值与参考值一致,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为1.3%～9.0%。按照实验方法测定实际电池级混合稀土金属样品和富镧金属样品中稀土配分镧、铈、镨、钕和非稀土杂质铁、硅、锌、镁,测定值与其他分析方法的结果基本一致。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铝硅活塞合金中镧铈镨钕钇

采用硝酸和氢氟酸溶解样品,高氯酸冒烟赶氟避免生成氟化稀土沉淀,选择La 333.749nm、Ce 456.236nm、Pr 417.939nm、Nd 406.109nm及Y 371.030nm作为分析线,扣除背景点消除基体干扰,运用干扰系数法克服谱线间干扰,通过基体匹配法配制标准溶液系列消除基体效应的影响,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定铝硅活塞合金中镧、铈、镨、钕和钇。结果表明:镧、铈的测定范围在0.01%~2.00%,镨、钕、钇的测定范围在0.005%~2.00%,校准曲线线性相关系数不小于0.9998。方法中各元素检出限为0.0003%~0.0018%。实验方法用于测定稀土铝合金合成试样中镧、铈、镨、钕和钇,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)在0.50%~2.4%之间,加标回收率在94%~105%之间。实验方法用于含有稀土的铝合金标准样品中镧、铈、镨、钕和钇的测定,结果与电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定值相吻合,测定的稀土总量RE与认定值也相吻合。     

Influence of Lanthanum on Tribological Properties and Microstructure of Laser Clad B ＋ Fe ＋ Si Composite Coatings

The effects of rare earth ferrosilicon on the microstructure and anti-wear properties of laser-clad Fe-based alloy coating were investigated. The composition of Fe, B4C and rare earth ferrosillcon powders with different contents of lanthanum were clad onto a 45 # carbon steel substrate. Microstructural features, chemical compositions, phase structure,hardness, friction and wear properties by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS),hardness tester, block-on-ring friction and wear tester of the clad coating were determined. Experimental results show that the friction coefficient of the clad coating doped with rare earth ferrosilicon is reduced while the wear resistance of clad coating doped with rare earth ferrosilicon is enhanced. When the content of lanthanum increases to 1.92%, the clad coating shows the best anti-wear ability, and as the content of lanthanum exceeds 1.92%, the wear weight loss increases quickly. The rare earth ferrosilicon to be doped in the clad coatings helps to disperse the boride phase (Fe2B, FeB, B4C)particles and refine the grain of boride phase. The enhancement of clad coating‘s wear resistance is due to the existence of dispersed boride phases.     

Application of Lanthanum in High Strength and High

China is quite poor in argent resource. Roughly 80% of this industrial argent is imported every year. In order to improve the situation, we took advantage of rare earth (RE) mineral resource and successfully developed the non-argent Lanthanum-tellurium-copper alloy as a substitute for industry argent-copper. In our research, we were able to successfully apply rare earth lanthanum to copper alloy. The defects as porosity, inclusion, etc. originating from nonvacuum melting processing were controlled. Fine grain was obtained. Meanwhile, the comprehensive properties of the copper alloy, such as strength, conductivity and thermal conductivity were improved. The research results in increasing conductivity and thermal conductivity by 5% and 15%, respectively, while the tensile strength is increased by 6% higher than Ag-Cu alloy. The anti-electric corrosion property is good, and there is no argent-cadmium steam population originating from the electric arc effect. The addition of lanthanum further reduces the content of oxygen and hydrogen.The optimum quantity of the addition of RE lanthanum in the copper alloy is 0.010%～0.020%.     

不同稀土掺杂聚苯乙烯力学性能研究

选择了几种功能不同的Pr，Eu，Gd，Th，Dy，Ho和Er的三异丙氧基化合物与苯乙烯本体聚合获得稀土掺杂聚苯乙烯，采用ESEM，DMTA，冲击强度测试研究了不同稀土对聚合物力学性能的影响，结果表明不同稀土引入聚苯乙烯中均能使韧性得以提高，它们的力学性能与稀土的原子序数、原子半径大小有关。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定赤泥浸出液中稀土元素

对赤泥浸出液中稀土元素含量进行测定可以指导研发人员初步判断赤泥中的稀土总量。采用5 mol/L盐酸浸取赤泥中稀土元素镧、铈、镨、钕、钪、钇,并采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)进行了测定。以功率、辅助气流量、分析泵速和积分时间为考察因素,各元素分析谱线的发射强度为考察指标,设计了L₉(3⁴)的正交试验,确定了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪的最佳工作条件为功率950 W、辅助气流量为0.50 L/min、分析泵速为100 r/min、积分时间为10 s。使用标准加入法绘制校准曲线,消除了基体及杂质元素对待测稀土元素测定的影响。各待测元素校准曲线的线性相关系数均不小于0.999 9,方法中稀土元素镧、铈、镨、钕、钪、钇的检出限在0.002 4～0.013 mg/L之间。按照实验方法测定赤泥浸出液实际样品中稀土元素镧、铈、镨、钕、钪、钇,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.21%～1.2%,回收率为96%～114%。采用实验方法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)分别对赤泥浸出液中的稀土元素镧、铈、镨、钕、钪、钇进行测定,两种方法的测定结果基本一致。     

含铕线性不饱和聚酯接枝聚丙烯及其性能研究

采用熔融接枝聚合的方法将含稀土铕配合物的线性不饱和聚酯Eu-ULP接枝到PP分子链上，制得新型的在UV下发射红色荧光的树脂。PP与Eu-ULP反应的扭矩时问曲线和接枝物UPP的IR分析结果表明Eu-ULP已成功接枝到PP分子链上，UPP为键合型的稀土高分子材料。荧光分析结果显示uPP具有良好的发光性能，其荧光强度随着接枝率的增加而增加，而DSC和WAXS分析结果则表明功能化基团Eu-ULP的键人起到类似成核剂的作用，有效提高PP的结晶速率，但同时也破坏了PP晶区的规整性。     

稀土镧对钢中残余元素的固定作用

采用Ｍｉｅｄｅｍａ二元生成热模型,从热力这证明了稀土镧和多种残余元素反应是完全可能的。采用ＳＥＭ及ＴＥＭ手段研究了稀土尖不同锡含量的钢中形成夹杂的情况。镧放钢中较低含量的锡（０．０４５％）作用生成简化合物。证实了用移土金属减轻低氧、低硫钢中残余元素钢性能危害的可行性。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定氧化钼中镧和钇

氧化钼掺杂稀土元素改性是近年来的研究热点,目前尚没有针对氧化钼中稀土元素分析的国家标准方法。实验采用硝酸-过氧化氢溶解样品,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定氧化钼样品中镧和钇。实验研究了样品溶液中钼基体和试液介质酸度的影响,结果表明:高浓度的钼对镧和钇的测定产生基体效应,而氧化钼质量浓度小于2 mg/mL时对镧和钇的测定几乎没有影响;介质中硝酸酸度不影响样品中镧、钇的测定。按照实验方法测定含镧量不同的4个样品中镧,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为0.95%～3.2%,回收率为97%～98%;按照实验方法测定含钇量不同的4个样品中钇,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为4.3%～5.5%,回收率为101%～103%;镧和钇的测定值与参考值相吻合。     

Synthesis of lanthanum ricinoleate and its effect on thermal stability and mechanical properties in PVC

The lanthanum ricinoleate（abbreviated as Lari3） of rare earth heat stabilizer was synthesized by the reaction of ricinoleic acid, lanthanum nitrate and sodium hydroxide. The IR and fluorescence spectra methods confirmed the structure of the product. The thermal stability of PVC in the presence of Lari3 was studied by the Congo method and using TG analysis. The results showed that Lari3 could be used as a thermal stabilizer for PVC. When the ratio of Lari3/pentaerythritol was 3：1, the complex exhibited better synergistic effect. Incorporation of Lari3 to PVC resulted in a marked increase of maximum and onset degradation temperature as well as elongation and impact strength of PVC. Lari3 might replace the labile chlorine atoms to interrupt the formation of conjugated double bonds in PVC chains and act as HCl scavenger to restrain the self-catalyticdehydrochlorination.     

Feasibility of Substituting Cerium-Rich Metal by La-Pr-Ce Alloy in Magnesium Alloy

In magnesium alloy ZM3, using cheap Lanthanum-praseodymium-cerium (LPC) rare earth as a substitute for rich-cerium rare earth was studied. The experimental results show that when the adding amount of LPC is between 2.53% and 3.33%, the tensile strength increases as the adding amount of LPC increases; when the amount of RE is 2.53% and 3.33%, the average tensile strength is 142.35, 153.65 MPa respectively. The results show that LPC rare earth replacing rich Ce rare earth is feasible for the tensile strength of ZM3.     

氧化铝赤泥盐酸浸出稀土元素研究

在用盐酸浸出氧化铝赤泥提取氧化钪的过程中,稀土元素镧,铈,钕也一同浸出,进入到浸出液中。研究了拜耳法赤泥盐酸浸出稀土元素镧,铈,钕的过程。研究了浸出温度、酸度、液固比和浸出时间对稀土元素浸出率的影响。研究结果表明,影响稀土浸出率的因素依次是浸出温度,盐酸浓度,配料液固比,和浸出时间。当接近沸点109℃浸出时,镧、铈、钕浸出率提高最快。盐酸酸度在4～5 mol.L-1时,浸出率升高较快,5～7 mol.L-1时,缓慢提高,当超过7 mol.L-1时,镧、铈、钕的浸出率基本不变化。当液固比为4.0时,镧、铈、钕元素的浸出率较低,仅为60%～75%之间,当液固比提高到5.0时,稀土元素的浸出率升高较快。随着浸出时间的延长,氧化稀土的浸出率从60～180 min时,缓慢提高,在180 min时达到最大值,超过180 min后,变化不大。在温度为沸点(109℃),液固比6.0,时间180 min。盐酸浓度7 mol.L-1的条件下浸出,赤泥中La,Ce,Nd的浸出率能达到95%以上。     

Removal of ammonia from aqueous solutions by catalytic oxidation with copper-based rare earth composite metal materials: catalytic performance, characterization, and cytotoxicity evaluation

Ammonia (NH3) has an important use in the chemical industry and is widely found in industrial wastewater. For this investigation of copper-based rare earth composite metal materials, aqueous solutions containing 400 mg/L of ammonia were oxidized in a batch-bed reac-tor with a catalyst prepared by the co-precipitation of copper nitrate, lanthanum nitrate and cerium nitrate. Barely any of the dissolved ammo-nia was removed by wet oxidation without a catalyst, but about 88% of the ammonia was reduced during we...     

稀土对低碳微合金高强钢冷却过程组织演变的影响

低碳微合金高强钢因其具有高强度、较好的塑韧性被应用到交通运输、石油管道等行业.稀土在钢中有净化钢液、细化晶粒和微合金化的作用,进而能提升材料的诸多性能.因此,在600 MPa低碳微合金高强钢中加入稀土La,通过热膨胀仪对有、无稀土的微合金高强钢在不同冷速下相变点进行测定;利用SEM对不同冷速下的组织进行分析.结果 表明...     

Study on Copolymer of PMMA with Eu Complex

The europium complex, Eu3 -1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) -acrylic acid (AA) was prepared and its structural formula is Eu(Phen) (AA)3. The high luminescence rare earth polymer materials were obtained by the copolymerization of europium complex with methyl methacrylate using AIBN as an initiator. The copolymer structure and properties were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, RF spectra and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Results indicate that block copolymer is synthesized. Fluorescent property shows that Eu copolymer emits rare earth fluorescence and the emission intensity increases with the rise in Eu content and reaches a maximum value.     

有机次膦酸在硝酸体系下提取稀土研究

本文采用溶剂萃取法,用有机次磷酸萃取剂从富含稀土元素镧(La）、钕(Nd）、钇(Y)、铈(Ce）的硝酸溶液中提取稀土。选择盐酸为反萃剂。考察了酸度、萃取剂浓度、相比和萃取时间对萃取率和反萃率的影响,结果表明,二异丁基膦酸萃取稀土的最佳条件为：室温,酸度0.2mol/l,萃取剂浓度40%,A/O比1:5,萃取时间15min,镧（La）、钕（Nd）,铈（Ce）和钇（Y）分别为41.68%、81.30%、81.29%和100%。当利用盐酸作为反萃实验的反萃剂时其最佳条件为：室温,初始水相稀土溶液为0.3 mol/L,反萃剂盐酸为6 mol/L,负载有机相与反萃剂盐酸溶液的体积比为1:6,将反萃的震荡时间改变为5min,应用上述条件的镧(La）、钕(Nd）、铈(Ce）、钇(Y)的反萃率分别为92.45%、94.88%、95.76%、93.34%。有机次膦酸对稀土元素（La）、钕（Nd）、铈（Ce）和钇（Y）的萃取效率不同。钇的提取率高于镧、钕和铈。它是一种有机次膦酸,对轻稀土元素亲和力低,对重稀土元素亲和力强。     

稀土元素铈对精密模具用不锈钢组织性能的影响

为了提高精密模具用不锈钢的性能,在3Cr13马氏体不锈钢中添加质量分数为0.002%的稀土元素铈(Ce),经淬火+回火处理后,采用金相观察、SEM、拉伸试验、冲击试验和硬度测试等方法,研究了Ce对3Cr13马氏体不锈钢组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明：Ce能细化淬火+回火后的马氏体组织,使其晶粒大小趋于一致,“白块区”马氏体分布更加均匀,使试验钢屈服强度和抗拉强度提高了100 MPa以上,0℃低温冲击韧性提高了62 J/cm²,HV₁₀硬度值提高了48。同时Ce改变了试验钢低温冲击试样的断口形貌,减少了夹杂物引起的“孔洞”缺陷,阻碍了裂纹的扩展,提高了试验钢的低温冲击韧性。     

镧对高碳硬线钢中Al2O3夹杂物改性的晶体学分析

 为了控制与改善高碳硬线钢中氧化铝夹杂物的数量、形状和分布,提高钢的洁净度,细化钢的组织结构,均匀钢的化学成分,在高碳硬线钢中添加稀土镧元素研究其对氧化铝夹杂物的改性问题。通过对高碳硬线钢中添加稀土镧形成的稀土氧(硫)化物,采用扫描电镜和能谱分析进行表征,研究其对氧化铝的改性问题,发现镧的加入可以改变夹杂物的形状,夹杂物从不规则形状转变为较规则的椭圆形,随着夹杂物面间距增大,其逐渐弥散化。利用热力学以及边-边匹配模型计算其与γ-Fe和Al₂O₃之间沿密排晶向的原子间错配度和密排晶面的面间错配度,探究含镧夹杂物作为钢液凝固时初生相异质形核核心的可能性及有效性。结果表明,加入镧后,在1 000～2 000 K温度范围内根据生成夹杂物的吉布斯自由能的大小,得出钢中可能生成夹杂物的顺序为La₂O₃＞La₂O₂S＞LaAlO₃＞LaS＞La₃S₄。利用边-边匹配模型计算稀土氧(硫)化物与γ-Fe和Al₂O₃之间的原子匹配情况,发现了La₂O₃、LaS、La₂O₂S和La₃S₄均可能作为Al₂O₃和γ-Fe异质形核的核心,且La₂O₂S可能优先成为γ-Fe异质形核核心, LaS可能优先成为Al₂O₃异质形核核心,揭示了钢中氧化铝夹杂物的改性机理,为高碳硬线钢中非金属夹杂物的处理提供了理论依据。     

前驱体对氧化镧粉体形貌结构的影响

研究不同前驱体对氧化稀土的影响,以碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢铵、草酸为沉淀剂,氯化镧为镧源,制备了相应的前驱体,并焙烧获得了氧化镧.以TG、XRD、FT-IR、粒度分析、SEM和ICP为分析表征手段,探究前驱体对氧化镧形貌结构的影响.结果表明:前驱体焙烧时,均存在3个失重阶段,分别对应水(结晶水和吸附水)的脱离,部分CO2的脱离...