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我国是农业大国,有八亿农业人口,很多农村面临生活污水失控的问题,由此带来地表水质量严重下降,农村生活用水困难,人们的健康受到影响,生态平衡遭到破坏,这是目前农村改善生活环境遇到的难题。文章从介绍人工湿地的概念,人工湿地的分类,人工湿地的构造,结合人工湿地处理生活污水的技术,浅析了人工湿地处理农村生活污水系统。 相似文献
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为研发适用于我国农村分散性生活污水的处理装置,采用潮汐流人工湿地+景观湿地的组合式生态系统对农村散户生活污水进行处理,考察组合工艺对COD、TN、NH_3~-N和TP的去除情况。结果表明,组合工艺对COD、TN、NH_3~-N和TP的平均去除率分别为79.2%、82.95%、71.56%和69.00%,出水中COD和NH_3~-N、TN、TP的平均分别为29.30 mg/L和4.04、9.73、0.74 mg/L,低于GB 18918-2002的一级标准。该组合工艺对散户生活污水具有良好的适应性和处理效果,符合农村居民的生活特点,且运行能耗低、运作简便,适于推广运用。 相似文献
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近年来,污水和饮用水中均检出了抗生素污染,对水生生态与人类健康形成威胁,成为备受关注的环境问题。由于污水和饮用水中检出的抗生素浓度通常较低,如何对其进行有效去除成为水处理技术面临的新挑战。国内外研究者就现有处理技术对抗生素的去除作用开展了一系列研究,研发了一些新技术和新工艺。就目前国内外污水和饮用水中微量抗生素的去除研究进行了介绍和分析,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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人工湿地污水处理技术在氯碱循环经济园区建设中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对中泰化学阜康工业园污水污染负荷的分析及人工湿地处理与活性污泥法处理技术的比较,建议应用人工湿地处理污水技术就近处理厂前区生活废水。就潜流湿地系统设计参数的计算方法、湿地选址、填料的应用、水生植物的栽种、景观设计等应用问题提出建议。 相似文献
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水力负荷对潜流湿地去除污水处理厂二级出水中氮磷的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用水平-石灰石、水平-沸石、垂直-沸石、垂直-改性沸石等4种潜流湿地对污水处理厂二级出水进行深度处理研究,探讨各系统稳定运行条件下,不同水力负荷对4种潜流湿地脱氮除磷效果的影响,以及4种湿地的去除污染物效果的差异性。结果表明,当进水水质为污水处理厂二级排放标准时,在一定的运行条件下,与垂直潜流湿地相比,水平潜流湿地对氮素的去除效果受水力负荷影响更大。其中,水平-沸石潜流湿地对NH3-N的去除率最高达到(96.5±2.58)%,而水平-石灰石潜流湿地最低仅为(78.7±3.64)%;水平-沸石潜流湿地对TN的去除率最高达到(94.5±2.58)%,最低仅为(66.1±2.02)%。另外,与水平流湿地相比,垂直流湿地对污水中磷素的去除效果较好,同时,垂直-沸石湿地表现出了对磷素最佳的去除效果,其对PO43--P的去除率最高达到(72.1±2.29)%,而对TP的去除率最高最高达到(73.8±3.25)%。此外,当水力负荷为0.093 m3/(m2.d)时,上述4种湿地对磷素均表现出了最佳的去除效果。 相似文献
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Investigation of protozoa as indicators of wastewater treatment efficiency in constructed wetlands 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C.A. Papadimitriou A. Papatheodoulou A. Zdragas G.P. Sakellaropoulos G. Zalidis 《Desalination》2010,250(1):378-1869
Wetlands represent an efficient wastewater treatment technique, with several benefits over the conventional activated sludge system. Microfaunal community is of outmost importance in treatment processes as the microorganisms are able to achieve substantial decontamination through biodegradation. The objectives of this work were the monitoring of protozoan's abundance and diversity in the matrix of six bench scale Free Water Surface constructed wetlands and the investigation of their applicability as indicator organisms for treatment efficiency in these systems. A correlation between the phosphorous and Total Coliforms removal rates was observed in the presence of increased protozoan taxa, while removal of organic loading and inorganic nitrogen was increased in the case of increased protozoan diversity in the soil/water interface. Results revealed that protozoa may be used as bioindicators of treatment efficiency in constructed wetlands; in addition their presence was related to the effluent quality. 相似文献
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抗生素在环境水体的累积是威胁人类健康及生态安全的全球性问题,去除环境中残留抗生素迫在眉睫。本文首先综述了环境中抗生素残留的主要来源及危害。随后,针对微藻处理含抗生素废水的特点,阐述微藻去除抗生素的生物降解、生物累积、生物表面吸附、光合降解和挥发及水解等这5种可能去除机制,比较了这些机制在不同微藻去除抗生素实验研究中的贡献。阐明为提高微藻法去除抗生素的效率,尚需优化藻种的选择和培养条件。最后,讨论了微藻法去除抗生素目前存在的去除不完全、降解产物不明了及缺乏规模化应用等问题,提出可以结合化学、物理和生物方法达到去除要求;通过组学数据等综合分析抗生素降解产物;积累中试数据,为进一步的规模化应用打下基础。 相似文献
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人工湿地污染物去除动力学模型研究进展 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
人工湿地是处理污水的一种经济有效的方法。本文对其污染物去除动力学模型的研究现状及进展进行了概述,并对其今后发展的趋势作了展望。 相似文献
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药品和个人护理品(PPCPs)类新兴污染物在水环境中被广泛检测出,因其生物累积性和潜在的生态危害性,近年来受到高度关注。文中总结了水环境中PPCPs的赋存状况,解析了水环境中PPCPs的来源和迁移、转化路径,发现传统污水处理厂尚不能彻底、有效地去除PPCPs,污水厂的尾水排放是水环境中PPCPs的重要来源。同时,比较了污水厂常规处理和三级处理工艺对PPCPs的去除效果,指出污水处理厂基于宏量常规污染物和微量新兴污染物的同步去除技术或复合去除技术是削减水环境新兴污染物浓度的核心途径,开发能够经济、高效地去除各类PPCPs的深度处理技术仍然十分必要。 相似文献
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Paul E. Eke Miklas Scholz 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2008,83(1):55-63
BACKGROUND: Twelve vertical‐flow experimental wetlands have been constructed using different compositions, and were operated in batch‐flow mode to reduce pumping costs. Six wetlands were located indoors and six outdoors. Benzene was used as a representative example substance to assess the removal of low molecular weight petroleum compounds. RESULTS: Findings indicate that the constructed wetlands remove benzene (inflow of approximately 1.3 g L?1) from hydrocarbon‐contaminated wastewater streams with better indoor (controlled environment) than outdoor treatment performances. Overall mean removal efficiencies for the experimental rig placed outside were as follows: benzene 85%, chemical oxygen demand (COD), 70%; ammonia‐nitrogen, 83%; nitrate‐nitrogen, 88%; ortho‐phosphate‐phosphorus, 58%. In comparison, removal efficiencies for the experimental rig placed indoors were higher: benzene 95%, COD, 80%; ammonia‐nitrogen, 90%; nitrate‐nitrogen, 94%; ortho‐phosphate‐phosphorus, 66%. Benzene removal was predominantly due to volatilization after 1 day of retention time. CONCLUSION: The use of aggregates (sand and gravel) and the presence of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. resulted in no significant difference in terms of benzene, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, 5‐day at 20 °C N‐allylthiourea biochemical oxygen demand, COD and nutrients removal. Statistical differences were assessed by analysis of variance and Tukey HSD tests (P < 0.05). Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Bo Wang Si-yao Liu Fa-yun Li Zhi-ping Fan 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2017,34(3):717-722
In high-latitude areas, nitrate treatment from constructed wetlands is often not so good in winter. The study aims to develop an efficient and economic technology to remove nitrate from constructed wetland under the conditions of winter temperature. We conducted laboratory experiments to investigate the removal of nitrate from aqueous solution and wastewater by modified hydrophyte biochars from constructed wetlands. The second-order model fit the nitrate desorption kinetics of modified hydrophyte biochars with a high coefficient of determination (R2>0.99). Freundlich isotherms performed well to fit the nitrate sorption data (R2>0.98) of modified hydrophyte biochars. Batch adsorption experiments also showed that both initial solution pH and coexisting anions could affect the adsorption of nitrate onto modified hydrophyte biochars. Our results suggested that modified hydrophyte biochars might be a promising alternative wastewater treatment technology for nitrate removal from constructed wetland in winter in high-latitude areas. 相似文献
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人工湿地处理技术的净化机理及去污效果 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目前全球可利用的淡水资源很少,而水体污染和富营养化越来越严重。人工湿地以高效率、低投资、低运行费用、低维持技术及其独有生态功能受到众人的青睐。文章主要介绍了人工湿地的净化机理及其对BOD5、氮磷、悬浮物(Suspended matter,SS)等几种污染物的去除效果,为该技术在中国污水处理中的应用提供技术参考。 相似文献