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1.
欲望与景观     
景观与人类的欲望密不可分,从生存和生理需求,到归属感与认同感的获得,再到自我价值的实现,人类的欲望都应景观而生.景观承载了人类的欲望,人类的欲望造就了景观.然而,无止境的欲望会使对景观的营造、改变变得毫无节制,甚至可能会破坏景观本身,为人类带来难以预料的灾难,使人类毁灭于自己的贪欲之中.所幸,人类可以通过合理运用从自然...  相似文献   

2.
在全球生态系统中,气候变化已被看作一种新兴的影响力。在这样的背景下,气候变化也成为文化景观研究领域的新兴发展方向。本文记叙了3个仍在进行中的美国国家公园的研究案例。这3个案例显示了当气候变量改变文化景观时不同的预期影响,景观反映,及应当采取怎样的措施去保护文化景观。气候的长期变化和大型气候事件之间的差异表明必须监控气候。同时,在面对动态的气候系统时,研究还应当采用多样的方法并且接受未知的变量。  相似文献   

3.
《欧洲风景公约》:关于"文化景观"的一场思想革命   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
麦琪·罗  韩锋  徐青 《中国园林》2007,23(11):10-15
《欧洲风景公约》对欧洲的景观有了一个较之从前更为全面的理解。这个公约所包含的思想已开始反映在欧洲各国政府、环境机构以及欧洲大多数对景观感兴趣的相关团体的工作中。景观没有必要划分为"自然的"或"文化的"2类,因为欧洲所有的景观都已经或多或少地受到人类的影响。因而",文化景观"的术语显得过于累赘,所有欧洲景观都具有不同程度的文化性。然而,对景观进行分类仍然是个复杂的问题。不同的个人、组织和文化往往依据自身对自然长期的、不同程度的干预和联想发展出自身的价值。《欧洲风景公约》不期望一种景观价值凌驾于另一种之上,事实上《,欧洲风景公约》认识到,与那些通常被标识为具有全球重要性的景观一样,地方的和退化的景观对于社区或文化、社区居民或外来的造访者具有同样的重要性。这个公约在全欧洲的政府中将"普通"景观与"特殊"景观同等对待,这是具有革命性的创举。  相似文献   

4.
阐述了《世界遗产公约》对于人类遗产保护的重要性及其所取得的成就,简要回顾了世界遗产文化景观概念的发展过程、分类。根据世界遗产文化景观在国际地区分布、种类的不同,指出国际上对于文化景观概念由于文化背景而导致的理解上的差异,以及由此造成的在遗产实践领域的困难,解释了文化景观清查卡的设想和内容以及对于全球文化景观的重要性。  相似文献   

5.
文化景观与亚洲价值:寻求从国际经验到亚洲框架的转变   总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1  
历史景观及其遗产价值,即现在所指的文化景观,是当今文化遗产保护和规划的核心。国际社会对文化景观的认知,尤其在1992年的世界遗产中,发展出3类具有突出普遍价值的文化景观。虽然"景观"这个词来自古老日耳曼—盎格鲁语系,由于其起源的不同而在亚洲遭遇困难,但文化景观在国际上依然发展迅速。和日耳曼—盎格鲁文化不同的是,亚洲的文化景观随时间演进,反映了完美的人和自然的相互作用关系,它们不仅是有形的文化作品,也是联想性无形价值观的文化作用的结果。在这点上,与西方的文化景观不同,亚洲文化景观是"形成身份标识的动态过程"中的一个部分[1]。这些文化景观浸染着价值体系、传统知识体系以及其他抽象体系的有组织的哲学和文化观①。期望能及时地引起对亚洲地区价值的关注,这种价值与创造景观持续性过程密切相关。我们面临的挑战和迫切性是如何将文化景观作为有持续生命力的历史,把古迹历史作为人类整体文化发展和成就的杰出代表来进行维护和管理。  相似文献   

6.
    
The multi-functional landscapes for sustainable stormwater management play a significant role in providing various benefits on the environment, aesthetics, education, economy, etc. through the cultural ecosystem services, which have been underestimated by both the professionals and the public, due to the difficulty in their interpretation and quantification. The Importance-Satisfaction Analysis (ISA) makes it easier by evaluating the cultural ecosystem services with human’s perception, and was tested with the multi-functional landscapes for stormwater management in this research. The results show that aesthetic value, recreational / eco-tourism, and sense of place are the most valued cultural ecosystem services. Those cultural ecosystem services with a gap between their perceived importance and the public satisfaction with their delivery are also identified. ISA can discover the public’s perception and expectation of the stormwater management landscapes, which helps the decision-making about their improvement a lot.  相似文献   

7.
王绍增 《中国园林》2007,23(11):16-17
通过划分风景园林学的领域,以及分析该领域中各个时段和各个区域的人为和自然因素的比例变化,有助于理清当前人们对于culturallandscapes的理解中存在的一些混乱。  相似文献   

8.
    
Traditional landscape design studio training starts with the learning of a classic or prominent landscape project, may it be through site observation or a trace-over / imitation exercise. Foundation year students in a landscape program typically take the landscape precedent project as a study ground, to learn about the landscape master’s design through the mimicking process in the trace-over exercise, or to learn about the articulation of spatial design through site observation. Landscape Architecture, afterall, is a creative endeavor. Thus, an alternative approach is to start the fundamental training with the study of artistic processes, to foster appreciation in art and design, innovative concept development, and articulation in craftsmanship. Also, the contemporary discourse of Landscape Architecture is no longer simply about spatial design, but has transformed to require understanding of process, operation, step-by-step mechanism, movement, and how a system works. The performative and dynamic aspects of landscape are being valued nowadays. Such ways of seeing landscapes require a different set of observation and representation methods and skills. In this article, the author shares how the pedagogical content and developments of the foundation year landscape design studio in the HKU Bachelor of Arts in Landscape Studies BA(LS) Program help train students with such new interpretations to contemporary Landscape Architecture.  相似文献   

9.
本文首先提出了景观建筑学当今所面临的挑战:如忽略“设计”与美学等。在讨论了高质景观有助于经济和社会发展后,基于景观的专业特点和设计媒介,作者呼吁大家讨论新的景观理念和跨越学科界限以推动景观的发展。  相似文献   

10.
世界遗产文化景观及其国际新动向   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
韩锋 《中国园林》2007,23(11):18-21
文化景观是当前国际风景园林界和遗产界的热点。以文化景观的实践领域——世界遗产文化景观为切入点,来梳理文化景观的理论和实践脉络,剖析文化景观议题的意义,分析国际发展动向,从而为建立中国国家景观保护体系提供参考框架,使中国的景观保护为世界遗产文化景观的文化多样性作出应有的贡献。  相似文献   

11.
墨西哥建筑师路易斯·巴拉干(Luis Barragan1902-1988)的建筑作品巧妙地应用了色彩、水和光线等设计元素,创造性地将墨西哥的传统、殖民地文化与现代建筑融为一体,蕴含了古希腊艺术那种“高贵的单纯和静穆的伟大”的独特美学精神,对后世建筑设计产生了深远影响,其典型作品——1947年建造的自宅,在2004年7月中国苏州召开的第28届世界遗产大会上被列为世界文化遗产名录。本文通过对巴拉干建筑作品风格的深入剖析,探求其景观建筑背后的精神世界。  相似文献   

12.
    
Mount Kumgang, located in the middle of the eastern coastal area of the Korean Peninsula, has been a cultural symbol of this region historically. It stretches across two countries, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and the Republic of Korea (ROK). The former enjoys two thirds of the total area and rich natural landscape and cultural relics, which is now known as the Mount Kumgang International Tourist Zone. The design responds to the bond of both DPRK and ROK people through design approaches while celebrating the rich natural and cultural resources of Mount Kumgang. By building a tourist zone planning system based on a visual network, the design would improve the sight-seeing system for the both sides of Mount Kumgang and provide references for the local government on the future development of the area. However, when faced with challenges such as the inadequacy of literature, missing data, and difficulties in field survey, the author explored into the Korean culture and studied the blue-and-green-color landscape painting and line drawing techniques from the famous Korean painting Geumgang Jeondo and the “Panorama Map of Diamond Mountain” (1939), combining with computer-generated graphics in the design drawing. Meanwhile, to help audience better read the site and design concepts and strategies, two types of material models were also introduced. Finally, the suitable design strategies and deliberated representation together provide thoughts for the development and construction to Mount Kumgang in the future.  相似文献   

13.
现代城市环境正在面临巨大的挑战和压力,市民对于户外活动空间的追求,亲近绿色环境的渴求,追求宜人空间的梦想,使得现代城市公共绿地的形式日益丰富。文体公园——满足一处集文化、体育、健身、休闲、娱乐等多功能于一体的开放性公园,已经成为城市文化与旅游内涵的标志性建筑物之一,成为市民文化娱乐、体育休闲,外地游客了解当地丰厚历史底蕴与体验民艺民俗的好去处。牙克石文体公园结合场地原有林地,与场地巧妙结合,形成不同尺度空间的活动区域,既满足功能需求,又能体现牙克石文化特色。  相似文献   

14.
在日常生活美学的影响下,城市景观体现出更加生活化的审美情趣,“如画景观”变成了“如话景观”,大众在公共活动中通过感官参与和文化参与去对话自然、社会、和个人经历,城市雕塑空间正承担了这样的精神功能。基于上海静安雕塑公园进行了雕塑空间的大众认同价值探究,开创性地基于用户体验思维——同理心地图(E mpt hy m ap)研究认同活动,得出感官参与、文化参与、均衡参与三种价值模式,并强调文化参与在认同中的重要价值。  相似文献   

15.
    
This article is the author’s commencement speech at 2022 Graduation Ceremony of the College of Architecture and Landscape, Peking University. Away from the cities, the author observed, experienced, and recorded the changes in vernacular landscapes: pesticide abuse and cutoff and channelized rivers have resulted in soil hardened, loaches, eels, frogs, and other creatures disappeared, and rivers and water sources seriously polluted; while demolishing the vernacular cultural heritage of the ancient town, the reconstructed one is built with a large number of ornamental, ancient-looking structures, and stereotyped symbols, mirroring the shallow understanding of aesthetic, historical, and cultural identities. Metaphorically, the author is so ashamed of these „articles written on the land” and encourages the graduates to revise them in the future with their knowledge of ecology and aesthetics.  相似文献   

16.
气候变化与资源枯竭一块正在促发一场由化石燃料向可再生能源的转型。这一转变通过重新配置地方和区域资源流动以及相应的废物管理系统,来为创造多功能性能源景观提供机会。为此,本人通过引入"城市新陈代谢"和"修复性设计"两个框架来阐明一种能源景观设计方法,该方法基于具有多重社会和生态效益的循环代谢流动。本文将随后讨论一个当代设计项目,以举例说明设计未来能源景观需要在地方和区域尺度之间、在提供近期和长期解决方案之间、在操纵资源流动与其相关物理景观之间、在解决社会和生态需求之间进行转换。  相似文献   

17.
马萨诸塞大学阿默赫斯特分校(University of Massachusetts Amherst,以下简称Umass Amherst)1903年开始设立园林本科专业,其风景园林教育经历了百年的发展,形成了一套行之有效的专业教学体系,其核心思想是:重视基础训练,紧跟学科前沿,坚持专业特色。Umass Amherst风景园林专业教育实践证明,这是学科教育健康可持续发展不可获缺的三驾马车。这对我国风景园林本科教育非常具有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

18.
    
In cultural landscapes within temperate regions, forest edges - the transitions or edges between forest and open landscape - can comprise specific habitats. Forest edges are the result of the interaction between cultural land use and the dynamic properties of edge vegetation. Forest edges are of potential interest for multiple - use landscape planning and may be protected and promoted within forest policies. Different approaches to describing and understanding forest edges are presented. The influence of cultural land use and landscape dynamics on the physical structure of forest edges in the landscape is emphasized. Forest edges are compared to other types of edge habitats. Functional edge concepts from landscape ecology (edge effects, ecotones and boundaries) are reviewed, focusing on the role of edges at a landscape scale. The different approaches merge to the conclusions that origin, structure and function of forest edges are closely interrelated; edges are relative concepts and need to be studied and defined in relation to a specific purpose and scale; forest edges are highly dynamic in space and time; processes at edges can influence processes in the entire landscape; and the dynamic properties of edges can best be understood if studied at a landscape scale. A landscape perspective to edge management is suggested.  相似文献   

19.
    
In the education of Landscape Architecture, the way we view and depict a natural site is defined by the way we observe and express it. This paper starts with a comparison between the perspective and approach of traditional painting types (the realistic sketch, design sketch, and landscape painting) and those in Landscape Architecture. All of them involve observation (viewing) and expression (drawing) of natural beings and phenomena, where traditional paintings are in the pursuit of honest depiction of the forms or shapes. While in Landscape Architecture it emphasizes understanding and representing the evolutions and the complicated intrinsic relations of the authentic sites — in other words, to represent the nature of reality. To be on-site, the use of body movement, and the evolutions and correlations of natural beings are the three most important principles to the observation and representation in Landscape Architecture. Combining with two cases in teaching and practice, this paper elaborates how to develop abstract forms and design concepts from the observation of authentic sites and how the trans-scaled reflection on the correlations about the sites can inspire a site-scaled design, providing references for the education and practice of Landscape Architecture in China.  相似文献   

20.
    
Observation and representation are the fundamental and core processes and methods in landscape design. By transforming a historical industrial site into an urban cultural park for citizens’ recreational needs, the Jinhua Memorial Park in the Suining City demonstrates how landscape designers observe and represent in post-industrial renewal practice. Designers continuously deepen their understanding of the site through a process from site observation and perception, research and exploration to systematic analyses. During this process, designers were inspired by the industrial production process and textile products, and then applied such concepts in spatial arrangement and prototype for physical renovation. As the skeleton of spatial arrangement, the main road of the campus connects various functional spaces and landscape nodes of the park. Five design strategies, including in-situ preservation, transposition retention, material reuse, appearance protection, and spiritual revitalization, are applied to protect and reorganize the industrial heritages to recall the past prosperous scenes. Landscape design approaches, intuitive or implicit, are adopted to tie up the past, present, and future of the site while making a park that meets the needs of all kinds of users.  相似文献   

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