卷积编码正交序列扩频多码CDMA系统在Nakagami衰落信道的性能

本文提出了一种可以有效地实现用户数据率传输的卷积编码正交扩频多码ＣＤＭＡ系统，以适应未来移动通信业务发展的需求。     

衰落信道中的DS/CDMA系统盲差分自适应接收机

在本文中，我们针对标准MMSE自适应接收机在频率非选择性衰落信道中的相位滑动和失锁问题，提出了一种无需进行训练和信道参数估计的盲差分自适应接收机。为自适应地实现该接收机，我们同时提出了一种基于正交分解的盲平均随机梯度（Orthogonal Decomposition-based Blind Aver-aged stochastic Gradient，简称ODBAG）算法。仿真结果表明，这种以ODBAG算法实现的盲差分自适应接收机在瑞利（Rayleigh）衰落信道中，误码率性能比传统匹配滤波器（Matched Filter，简写为MF）接收机有显著的提高，并接近改进的MMSE自适应接收机的性能。     

基于码片延迟的多径信道扩频序列盲估计

针对多径信道下低信噪比直扩信号扩频序列的盲估计问题,提出一种通过码片延迟与相关矩阵分析相结合的方法实现扩频波形估计。该方法首先将接收信号延迟一段时间与原信号相乘,然后代入自相关矩阵中,通过特征值分解求得最大特征值及其对应的特征向量,通过该特征向量中的零点确定同步位置并恢复扩频序列。理论分析和仿真结果表明,本算法在低信噪比条件下能完成对PN码序列的精确估计。     

非周期扩频CDMA系统中时空信道的盲估计

时空信道可以用矢量信道冲激响应(VCIR)来描述,正确估计VCIR是智能天线系统实现的关键技术.本文从多用户解相关的思想出发,利用子空间技术实现了非周期扩频的CDMA系统时空信道的盲估计,所给出的时空信道估计方法具有抗远近效应的能力.计算机仿真实验表明,时空信道的估计精度完全可以满足DOA与相对时延信息提取的要求.     

多径CDMA信道下最小均方盲空时多用户检测

本文首先在码片匹配滤波的基础上为多径CDMA信道环境的接收机提出四种数据选择方案,分析了各种数据方案对多址干扰与码间干扰的影响;接着提出了基于Rosen梯度投影实现的最小均方盲空时多用户检测方法并分析了四种数据选择方案对其运算复杂度的影响;最后通过仿真实验结果的分析比较给出较合理的实现方法,该方法在降低运算量具有一定的优势,因而更加具有实用意义.     

扩频系统中最优干扰抑制技术研究——盲自适应算法及并行实现

为解决扩频系统在动态环境下的干扰抑制问题,分析了从最小均方误差(MMSE)准则和约束最小均值输出能量(MMOE)准则导出的递推最小二乘(RLS)算法和盲递推最小二乘(BRLS)算法的性能。采用正交三角分解克服两算法数值稳定性差,运算量大,很难并行实现的缺点,讨论了正交三角分解——递推最小二乘(QR-RLS)算法与正交三角分解——盲递推最小二乘(QR-BRLS)算法的配合使用,并给出实现QR-RLS算法和QR-BRLS算法的脉动阵列(systolic array)。理论分析和仿真结果均表明QR-RLS与QR-BRLS算法的合理配合能较好的解决动态环境下的干扰抑制问题。     

基于Fast-ICA的CDMA信号扩频序列盲估计及性能分析

DS-CDMA分为长码和短码扩频2种扩频方式,已有的扩频序列盲估计算法只适用于短码扩频信号,不能完成长码扩频信号的扩频序列估计。对长码扩频CDMA信号的数学模型进行分析,提出了一种的新的基于Fast-ICA的多用户扩频序列盲估计方法并推导了算法的理论性能。该方法不仅能适用于长码扩频CDMA信号,而且对同步短码扩频CDMA信号也同样适用。理论分析和仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种频率选择性衰落信道下的盲自适应去相关Rake接收机

多用户检测是DS－CDMA系统中的一项关键技术,而Rake接收是解决多径效应的一种有效方法,本文将基于Kalman滤波的多用户检测器与Rake接收相结合,提出了一种频率选择性衰落信道下的盲自适应去相关Rake接收机,研究结果表明,这种接收机具有较强的抑制多址干扰和克服“远－近”效应能力,并且能快速收敛。     

衰落信道下Turbo码在宽带CDMA系统中的应用研究

本文在研究Turbo码在衰落信道下典型性能分析的基础上,提出了在宽带CDMA系统中结合RAKE接收机实现路径分集后Turbo码的性能分析方法.在高斯和衰落信道下,采用计算机仿真进行了实际系统的模拟,结果表明宽带CDMA系统中Turbo码对抗衰落的性能有了很大提高.     

直接序列扩频CDMA系统的抗干扰设计

本文主要研究了卫星信道下直接序列扩频CDMA系统的抗干扰问题。在对系统抗干扰能力进行客观分析的基础上,指出可以从功率控制、窄带干扰抑制、多载波扩频等方面采取措施,以提高系统的抗干扰能力。     

Ricean衰落信道下一种正交多载波CDMA系统的性能

本文提出了一种新的多载波码分多址(MC-CDMA)系统.与传统系统相比,其主要区别是采用多个并行MC-CDMA分支,每一个分支用一组正交子载波进行调制.在每个分支上,使用相同扩频序列的不同码片调制子载波.这种系统能更有效地利用传输带宽,实现频率分集.由于该系统降低了每个子载波上的数据速率,扩频序列更容易同步.最后给出了系统在Ricean衰落信道下的性能分析.     

Vector Channel Estimation and Multiuser Detection for Multicarrier DS CDMA in Time and Frequency Selective Fading Channels

In a multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple access (MC DS CDMA) system, different fading channels for different users and/or different carriers are correlated in general; thus a vector channel model is more appropriate than disjoint scalar channel models. For multiuser MC DS CDMA systems, we propose (1) a generalized vector autoregressive model which accounts for correlation between different user/carrier fading channels, (2) the use of a two-phased algorithm to obtain the proposed model’s parameters, and (3) a receiver structure that consists of a generalized decorrelator followed by maximal-ratio combining (MRC) of uncorrelated carrier channel outputs of each user. The estimated fading coefficients provide the necessary quantities to MRC. The computer simulation results show that the proposed scheme has performance close to the case in which the channel is perfectly known, and outperforms separate scalar channel estimation case.     

Tradeoffs of Source Coding, Channel Coding and Spreading in Frequency Selective Rayleigh Fading Channels

This paper investigates the tradeoffs of source coding, channel coding and spreading in CDMA systems. We consider a system consisting of an image source coder, a convolutional channel coder, an interleaver, and a direct sequence spreading module. With different allocations of bandwidth to source coding, channel coding and spreading, the system is analyzed over a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel. The performance of the system is evaluated using the cumulative distribution function of peak signal-to-noise ratio. Tradeoffs of different components of the system are determined through simulations. We show that, for a given bandwidth, an optimal allocation of that bandwidth can be found. Tradeoffs among the parameters allow us to tune the system performance to specific requirements.     

Differentially Coherent Blind Adaptive Receiver for Rayleigh Fading CDMA Channels

Interest in code division multiple access (CDMA) has increased dramaticallyin boththe industry and academia. This is due to the potential increase in usercapacity andinterference, multipath fading, and jam-resistant capabilities. Differentapproaches ofmultiuser detection schemes have shown improvement over the conventionalreceiver.However, multiuser detectors require system parameters and adaptive multiuserreceivers require training sequences. These parameters are difficult toobtain inmultipath fading channels with a degradation in performance. A blind adaptivemultiuser receiver for flat fading and frequency-selective fading environments isstudied in this paper. This receiver alleviates the problem of multiuser detectors and adaptivemultiuser receivers by using a blind adaptive equalization method. The structure of the receiveris similar to that of the adaptive MMSE receiver which consists of an adaptive equalizer and an adaptivemechanism that uses a standard least mean-squared (LMS) algorithm, but uses a matched filterto generate a reference signal. The receiver is shown to be effective in different fadingchannels with perfect power control and a near-far effect. Furthermore, the simulationresults show that the blind MMSE receiver outperforms the conventional receiver and theRAKE receiver.     

平坦瑞利衰落信道中多用户检测器的性能分析

在采用传统信号检测方式的CDMA系统中,多址干扰限制了系统的容量和性能.本文分析了在精确估计信道的情况下平坦瑞利衰落信道中的判决反馈和线性解相关两种多用户检测器的性能,主要分析了二者的误码率性能和抗远近效应的能力,并首次分析了衰落信道中的渐近多用户效率(AME).结果表明,判决反馈多用户检测器的渐近多用户效率优于线性解相关检测器.     

Performance Comparison of Multiuser Detectors with Channel Estimation for Flat Rayleigh Fading CDMA Channels

Since the conventional detector performs poorly in bandwidth-efficient Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, several multiuser detectors were proposed recently. In this paper, we compare performance of the decorrelator, the two-stage detector (2S), and the decision-feedback detector (DF) for the Rayleigh flat fading synchronous CDMA channel. First, assuming perfect channel estimation, we show that the 2S and the DF have much lower bit error rate (BER) than the decorrelator, and prove that the ideal DF has unity Asymptotic Multiuser Efficiency (AME). Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of these detectors in the presence of channel mismatch. We model the Rayleigh flat fading channel as the second order Auto Regressive (AR) process, and use the Kalman filter as the channel estimator. The lower bounds on the BER of the 2S and the DF are derived. The analytical results and the simulations show that the estimation error accumulated due to cancellation of other users limits the performance of the 2S and the DF. Therefore, in the presence of channel mismatch, the decorrelator offers comparable or even better performance than more complex decision-feedback and two-stage detectors.     

基于SVD的LC_CDMA通信系统信道估计研究

在LC-CDMA通信系统中，由于在多径衰落信道下使用了时变扩频码，使得信道估计非常困难，而对接收机的设计往往需要信道的先验知识。本文建立了长码条件下的CDMA通信系统模型和多径频率选择性衰落信道的FIR滤波器模型，利用子空间分解的方法，推导了长码条件下CDMA通信系统的信道估计算法，并仿真分析算法的性能。     

双正交多码CDMA系统在衰落信道的性能分析

在直接序列扩频通信（ＤＳ／ＣＤＭＡ）系统中,为了有效地实现用户高数据率的传输,以适应宽带ＣＤＭＡ技术发展的要求,本文提出了一种双正交多码ＣＤＭＡ系统（称为ＢＭＣ－ＣＤＭＡ）。相似于多载波调制,传输的高数据泫首先进行串－并转换,然后对变换后的低数据流用双正交码进行扩频调制。不同于多载波调制,各支路扩频信号用同一载波进行调制。并对此系统在衰落信道性能进行了计算,还对数值结果进行了分析。     

Adaptive Detection and Channel Estimation for Dual-Rate DS/CDMA Networks in Frequency-Selective Fading

In a Dual-Rate DS/CDMA system, a primary, ``high rate' network coexists witha secondary one with a slower rate. Demultiplexinghigh-rate users typically entails, at the receiverend, a time-varying processing ifVariable Spreading Length (VSL), Variable Chip Rate (VCR), or Variable ChipRate with Frequency Shift (VCRFS) modulation formats are used, and Rake-Typedemodulation schemes if the chip rate exceeds the channel coherence bandwidth.The realization of fully adaptive receivers thus requires the joint estimationof(a) the interference to be suppressed, whether from other users ofthe high-ratenetwork or from the secondary network, and (b) the channel tap weights.The solutionthat we consider here assumes that,for each user, a pilot signal is transmitted alongwith the information-bearing signal, whether in a time-multiplexed orin a parallel-channel format. We consider both the uplink and the downlink channel and, based on a Minimum-Mean-Square-Error(MMSE) optimality criterion, we have come up with a fully adaptive system,capable on the one handof tracking, through a cyclic Recursive-Least-Squares typealgorithm, the periodically time-varying variations of theinterference subspace andon the other of updating the channel tap weights estimates.A thorough performance assessment is presented, and the convergence dynamicsof the system are derived through computer simulations in order to assessthe impact of the prior uncertainty with regard to the other-users signaturesand thechannel tap weights realizations.