高重复率全光纤被动锁模飞秒激光产生研究

报道了高重复频率全光纤被动锁模飞秒激光产生的实验研究,采用全光纤环形腔结构和非线性偏振旋转可饱和吸收被动锁模机理实现了100MHz级掺铒光纤锁模飞秒激光的稳定运转,最高重复频率为99.91MHz,光谱带宽为25nm,中心波长为1570nm,脉宽最短为194fs,实验同时研究了在不同重复频率下的全光纤被动锁模激光器运转动力学特性。研究为高重复频率飞秒光纤激光器在光频梳产生技术中的应用提供了高集成、高稳定超快光源技术途径。     

Polarisation-maintaining, harmonically modelocked soliton fibrelaser with repetition rate stabilisation using optical pumping ofsaturable Bragg reflector

Well-organised harmonic modelocking with up to 12 pulses in a 1.5 μm polarisation-maintaining erbium soliton fibre laser is achieved. With eight pulses in the cavity, repetition rate timing jitter is suppressed by 7.3 dB through optical pumping above the absorber bandgap. This stabilised laser operates at 463 MHz with nearly transform-limited, 660 fs, 1 pJ pulses     

High-Speed Mode-Locked Quantum-Dot Lasers and Optical Amplifiers

Recent results on GaAs-based high-speed mode-locked quantum-dot (QD) lasers and optical amplifiers with an operation wavelength centered at 1290 nm are reviewed and their complex dependence on device and operating parameters is discussed on the basis of experimental data obtained with integrated fiber-based QD device modules. Hybrid and passive mode locking of QD lasers with repetition frequencies between 5 and 80 GHz, sub-ps pulse widths, ultralow timing jitter down to 190 fs, high output peak power beyond 1 W, and suppression of Q-switching are reported, showing the large potential of this class of devices for O-band optical fiber applications. Results on cw and dynamical characterization of QD semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) are presented. QD amplifiers exhibit a close-to-ideal noise figure of 4 dB and demonstrate multiwavelength amplification of three coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) wavelengths simultaneously. Modelling of QD polarization dependence shows that it should be possible to achieve polarization insensitive SOAs using vertically coupled QD stacks. Amplification of ultrafast 80 GHz optical combs and bit-error-free data signal amplification at 40 Gb/s with QD SOAs show the potential for their application in future 100 Gb Ethernet networks.     

High pak power femtosecond pulses from modelocked semiconductor laser in external cavity

The generation of high peak power femtosecond pulses from an all semiconductor laser system is demonstrated. The system is based on a passively modelocked two-section laser diode in an external cavity, a tapered amplifier and a compact external pulse compressor. Pulse durations are achieved below 600 fs with an average optical power above 500 mW at a repetition rate of 330 MHz. This corresponds to a peak power of 2.5 kW, which is the highest value reported for an all semiconductor ultrafast laser system so far.     

基于饱和吸收镜的被动锁模光纤激光器

在普通单模光纤环中插入半导体可饱和吸收镜(SESAM)作为非线性器件,实现了自启动的被动锁模光纤激光器,并产生了亚皮秒量级的稳定锁模激光脉冲。输出锁模脉冲的基频为几兆赫兹。利用基于倍频晶体的二次谐波自相关仪测得锁模脉冲的脉宽为422 fs,最窄时可达377 fs,利用光谱仪测得脉冲谱宽为6.35 nm,脉宽谱宽乘积为0.329,接近于双曲正割脉冲的变换极限。实验中激光器输出脉冲稳定,没有观察到子脉冲和直流分量。在一般的实验室条件下,未采取任何附加措施,激光器可连续稳定工作10 h以上,没有出现失锁现象。该装置结构简单,紧凑,易于调整,工作稳定,可以很方便地实现自启动锁模。     

High-power side-pumped passively mode-locked Er-Yb fiber laser

A side-pumped double-clad Er-Yb fiber laser passively mode-locked with a saturable absorber is demonstrated for the first time. Pumped with a power of 1 W from a broad-stripe diode laser, an environmentally stable cavity design produces positively chirped 3-ps pulses at a repetition rate of 30 MHz with an average output power of 50 mW. The pulses can be linearly compressed to 330 fs in a length of negative dispersion fiber, whereas nonlinear compression in standard telecom fibers yields 130-fs pulses with pulse energies of 1.2 nJ     

Subpicosecond pulse generation by a tandem-type AlGaAs DH laser with colliding pulse mode locking

Experimental results of colliding pulse mode locking (CPM) of a double-contact AlGaAs DH injection laser with an external cavity are presented. The laser has two amplifying sections and a passive umpumped segment located between them which exhibited saturable absorption action. Ultrashort pulses propagating in opposite directions collided in the absorber and pulse shortening occurred. Bursts of 0.8 ps (FWHM) pulses at a 710 MHz repetition rate are obtained by means of CPM. The pulse duration is measured by a second harmonic generation correlation method and an ultrafast streak camera.     

160-gb/s OTDM signal source with 3R function utilizing ultrafast mode-locked laser diodes and modified NOLM

High-quality 160-Gb/s optical time-division-multiplexing (OTDM) signal source with 3R functions was demonstrated using ultrafast mode-locked laser diodes (MLLDs) and a nonlinear optical fiber loop mirror (NOLM) modified with inline and external polarizers and an inline optical phase-bias compensator. Pulse quality for each OTDM channel was successfully improved and equalized owing to the clock extraction at the true data bit rate using a 160-GHz MLLD and also to the improvement of the switching performance of the NOLM.     

Optical signal generation at millimeter-wave repetition rates usingsemiconductor lasers with pulsed subharmonic optical injection

A new technique is presented and investigated systematically which generates optical signals at millimeter-wave repetition rates from a semiconductor laser, without the need for an intracavity saturable absorber. Optical pulses are generated from a long-cavity semiconductor laser with a repetition rate equal to its cavity resonant frequency by injecting short optical pulses at one of the cavity resonance subharmonics. A rate-equation model is proposed to explain the mechanism of this subharmonic optical injection method. Optical pulses with repetition rates of 35 and 56 GHz are generated using the proposed scheme from a semiconductor laser with a distributed Bragg reflector and a Fabry-Perot laser diode, respectively. The performance of the generated pulses is also evaluated in terms of detected RF power at the repetition frequencies, the subharmonic suppression ratio, phase noise, and timing jitter as a function of frequency detuning, injected optical power, laser bias current, and, finally, the subharmonic number. It is found that the generated optical pulses exhibit large subharmonic suppression ratio (>17 dB), large locking ranges >400 MHz, low levels of phase noise (~-93 dBc/Hz@10 kHz) and timing jitter (<0.41 ps over 100 Hz to 10 MHz), and large tolerance to variations in operating parameters     

低功率泵浦三镜腔结构的Cr:LiSAF激光器各种运转特性的研究

报道了采用三镜腔结构的Cr:LiSAF激光器在低功率的氩离子单谱线激光泵浦下,连续光、自调Q、自锁模和自调Q-自锁模的运转特性。当泵浦功率为860 mW时,在腔内不加任何调制器和可饱和吸收体,可实现自锁模运转,得到重复频率为150 MHz,脉冲宽度为51 fs,输出功率为48 mW的脉冲序列。     

10 GHz超低抖动光短脉冲源

报道了一种新型的重复频率为10 GHz,脉宽为5.3 ps,抖动为184 fs的高稳定光短脉冲源.将大信号调制半导体激光器产生的10 GHz光脉冲,先送入LiNbO3电光相位调制器增强负啁啾,并使光谱进一步展宽,再通过色散补偿光纤(DCF)压缩脉冲啁啾,可得到光短脉冲.由于大信号调制激光器输出的光脉冲本身具有负啁啾,而通过相位调制器的光脉冲在不同的时间间隔内既有正啁啾也有负啁啾,通过适当调整进入相位调制器的光脉冲时延,使其通过相位调制器后累加产生更大的负啁啾,再利用正色散光纤压缩啁啾,从而得到低抖动且无基座的光短脉冲.     

Gain Dependent Optimum Pulse Generation Rates of a Hybrid-Type Actively and Passively Mode-Locked Fiber Laser

We have experimentally observed and theoretically analyzed the gain dependent optimum repetition rates of a hybrid-type active and passive mode locked laser pulses in an erbium-doped fiber laser of the figure-of-eight geometry by utilizing a nonlinear amplifier loop mirror (NALM) as a saturable absorber and a directional-coupler type electro-optic modulator as an active mode locker. Transform-limited mode-locked pulses of about 10 ps width were obtained at repetition rates which correspond to harmonics of the cavity fundamental frequency and depend on the optical amplifier gain in the NALM.     

Active stabilisation and timing jitter characterisation of sub-500 fs pulse passively modelocked VECSEL

An optical Starkmodelocked vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser producing sub-500 fs pulses at a fundamental repetition rate of 1 GHz was actively stabilised by locking its output to a 10 MHz electrical oscillator using a programmable phase-locked-loop frequency synthesiser. The timing jitter was characterised by the von der Linde method and was found to be 190(12) fs in the bandwidth 300 Hz to 1.5 MHz.     

基于单壁碳纳米管可饱和吸收体的被动锁模光纤激光器研究

基于单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)作为光学可饱和吸收体(SA)的恢复时间快(<1ps)、饱和光强低、锁模自启动、工作光谱范围宽且制备方法简单、成本低、化学稳定性好、易与光纤兼容等优点,利用SWCNTs-SA实现了稳定脉冲序列输出的实验结果。利用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)易成膜且机械性能良好的特点,将SWCNTs与PMMA一起分散在二氯化苯(DCB)溶液中,运用光学诱导作用将SWCNTs吸附在单模光纤(SMF)端面,并加热固化成膜。在光纤激光器环形腔结构中引入SWCNT/PMMA薄膜作为SA,获得了具有稳定的重复频率为8.366MHz的基频锁模脉冲序列,其中心波长在1 562nm,脉冲宽度为1.2ps。     

飞秒染料激光放大器

本文用重复率为10Hz、调Q、Nd∶YAG激光器的二倍频输出泵浦四级染料放大器,把从对撞脉冲锁模(CPM)环形染料激光器中产生的43fs的光脉冲能量放大到100μJ,脉冲宽度为125fs,峰值功率为800MW,在用一组四棱镜系统对放大的光脉冲进行群速度色散补偿以后,得到了宽度为70fs的放大光脉冲输出,峰值功率达GW。     

Long-term stabilized millimeter-wave generation using a high-powermode-locked laser diode module

In this paper, a 60-GHz-band millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signal generation using a new 60-GHz mode-locked laser diode (MLLD) module stabilized by an optical injection will be presented. To modularize the MLLD, the precise position alignments and the fine tuning for the repetition rate is released; moreover, the output optical power of more than 6.0 dBm and the stability over nearly 1500 h are obtained. It is experimentally confirmed that the frequency and power stabilities are several tens of hertz and less than 1 dBm, respectively. The generated 60-GHz-band mm-wave signal with the 3-dB linewidth of less than 300 Hz over a 100-km-long optical fiber link is also successfully demonstrated     

Two-Dimensional Conjugated Metal-Organic Framework/Graphene π–π Stacked Heterostructures for Ultrafast Photonics

2D conjugated metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high in-plane-π-conjugation are attracting significant attention in various fields owing to their outstanding electrical transport property, substantial specific surface areas, and tunable structures. However, their potential in ultrafast photonics has not been extensively explored. Herein, 2D conjugated Ni₃(HITP)₂ metal-organic framework (MOF) and graphene (GR) π–π stacked vertical heterostructures (NG-VHS) are synthesized using an ultrasound-assisted method. Based on theoretical simulations and characterization analyses, the results suggest that the fast interface charge transfer and the extension of the π-conjugated electron cloud will significantly enhance the electrical conductivity and the nonlinear optical properties, which is attributed to the π–π stacking interactions between Ni₃(HITP)₂ and GR. The charge transfer rate of NG-VHS is given by 6.9 × 10¹¹ s⁻¹. Noticeably, NG-VHS can serve as an excellent saturable absorber (SA) that can achieve fundamental mode-locking with a pulse width of 451 fs, harmonic mode-locking with repetition frequencies up to 1.205 GHz, and tunable dual-wavelength mode-locking. These results indicate the potential of NG-VHS as a promising nonlinear optical material for ultrafast optical applications and a new platform for the design of advanced optoelectronic devices based on 2D conjugated MOFs.     

Generation of ultrashort pulses from a neodymium glass laser system

A neodymium glass laser system capable of generating high-energy, ultrashort pulses at a convenient repetition rate is described. The effect of nonlinear frequency pulling on active mode locking is discussed. By minimizing the nonlinear frequency pulling, it is possible to routinely generate stable ~10-ps pulses at a 100-MHz repetition rate from the actively mode-locked oscillator. The regenerator amplifier increases the oscillator pulse energy to over 30 μJ at a 370-Hz repetition rate. Using intracavity self-phase modulation, the regenerative amplifier also broadens the pulse bandwidth to ~35 Å. By subsequent pulse compression while maintaining high energy, it is possible to produce 0.55-ps pulses with >10 μJ. An optical fiber pulse compressor further shortens the pulses to 30 fs (30 nJ), the shortest pulses ever generated at 1.054 μm from a neodymium laser system     

Self-Q-switched picosecond optical pulse generation with tandem-type AlGaAs TJS laser

Experimental results are presented for ultrashort optical pulse generation by an AlGaAs tandem-type laser with transverse junction stripe structure. The shortest optical pulse width of 14 ps was observed by an ultrafast streak camera, while typical pulse widths were about 20 ps. Further shorter pulses may be expected with this type of semiconductor laser by adequate control of the saturable absorber region.     

利用飞秒激光光镊捕获生物细胞

采用自行搭建的飞秒激光光镊,实现了对人体血红细胞（RBC）的稳定捕获。使用的光源为自行搭建的掺钛蓝宝石克尔透镜锁模激光器,输出中心波长810nm、脉冲宽度40fs和重复频率为100MHz的飞秒激光脉冲。通过实验比较了飞秒激光光镊和连续（CW）激光光镊的捕获能力,依据实验数据,比较了两者的Q值。实验结果显示,飞秒激光光镊对于捕获生物细胞同样有效,将光镊技术和飞秒激光特性相结合用于生物学研究领域会有很好的应用前景。