AZO透明导电薄膜光电性能的研究进展

掺铝氧化锌(AZO)薄膜其原料来源广、经济无毒,且具有优越的光电性能,可以与传统铟锡氧化物(ITO)薄膜相媲美,是优良的透明导电材料。目前,关于各制备工艺参数对AZO薄膜的影响规律及其影响机理仍是研究热点。综述了透明导电AZO薄膜光学与电学性能的研究进展,讨论了各制备工艺条件对薄膜性能的影响,分析了AZO/metal/AZO多层膜的研究现状,并对AZO薄膜的研究方向给予了展望。     

中频交流反应溅射TiO2薄膜的制备及性能研究

利用中频交流磁控溅射设备用金属Ti靶制备出了TiO2薄膜。用椭偏仪测试了TiO2薄膜的厚度和折射率,用俄歇电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和紫外及可见光分光光度计分别测试了TiO2薄膜的表面成分、表面形貌、晶体结构及其紫外及可见光透射谱,并初步探讨了工艺因素对薄膜性质的影响。实验结果表明：所制备的氧化钛薄膜O／Ti比符合化学计量比,而且O／Ti比随O2流量的变化不大;TiO2薄膜结构主要为锐钛矿型;薄膜表面致密;TiO2薄膜光学性能较好,透射比较高;但O2流量较低时透射比明显下降。     

Ni体积分数对Ni-Al2O3太阳光谱选择性吸收薄膜光学性能的影响

借助计算机模拟剖析了Ni体积分数对Ni-Al2O3太阳光谱选择性吸收薄膜光学性能的影响规律,并依据这一规律指导了以水溶胶-凝胶法制备的Ni-Al2O3太阳光谱选择性吸收膜系的优化。模拟结果表明,以呈现类金属特征的基层Ni-Al2O3薄膜与Ni体积分数不超过基层0.5倍且呈非金属特征的中间层薄膜组合,在其上再沉积一减反射顶层,如此3层复合可获得高吸收率和低发射率的太阳光谱选择性吸收膜系。依据这一规律指导的以水溶胶-凝胶法制备的Ni-Al2O3膜系其吸收率高达0.93,发射率低至0.04,成为一个很好的太阳光选择性吸收表面。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO_2薄膜及其光学性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法在K9玻璃上制备了均匀、透明、裂纹较少的纳米TiO2薄膜,以无水乙醇用量、涂层数、煅烧温度为影响因素,设计L9(3)4正交试验,以薄膜的透明度、微观致密程度作为评价标准,讨论了无水乙醇用量、涂层数和煅烧温度对制备TiO2薄膜光学性能的影响。用反射式椭圆偏振光谱仪测试最佳制备工艺下制得的TiO2薄膜的椭偏参数,并用Cauchy模型对椭偏参数进行数据拟合。结果表明,薄膜最优制备工艺参数为无水乙醇用量30 m L、涂层数为2层、煅烧温度为550℃;Cauchy模型能较好的描述溶胶-凝胶薄膜在300~700 nm波段的光学性能;薄膜的折射率和消光系数都有随波长增大而减小的趋势且制备的薄膜具有随着膜层数的增加,折射率增加,而最大峰值透光率、孔隙率减小的规律。     

中频交流反应溅射TiO2薄膜的制备及性能研究

利用中频交流磁控溅射设备用金属Ti靶制备出了TiO2薄膜.用椭偏仪测试了TiO2薄膜的厚度和折射率,用俄歇电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和紫外及可见光分光光度计分别测试了TiO2薄膜的表面成分、表面形貌、晶体结构及其紫外及可见光透射谱,并初步探讨了工艺因素对薄膜性质的影响.实验结果表明所制备的氧化钛薄膜O/Ti比符合化学计量比,而且O/Ti比随O2流量的变化不大;TiO2薄膜结构主要为锐钛矿型;薄膜表面致密;TiO2薄膜光学性能较好,透射比较高;但O2流量较低时透射比明显下降.     

中频交流反应溅射TiO_2薄膜的制备及性能研究

利用中频交流磁控溅射设备用金属Ti靶制备出了TiO2 薄膜。用椭偏仪测试了TiO2 薄膜的厚度和折射率 ,用俄歇电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和紫外及可见光分光光度计分别测试了TiO2 薄膜的表面成分、表面形貌、晶体结构及其紫外及可见光透射谱 ,并初步探讨了工艺因素对薄膜性质的影响。实验结果表明 :所制备的氧化钛薄膜O/Ti比符合化学计量比 ,而且O/Ti比随O2 流量的变化不大 ;TiO2 薄膜结构主要为锐钛矿型 ;薄膜表面致密 ;TiO2 薄膜光学性能较好 ,透射比较高 ;但O2 流量较低时透射比明显下降。     

柔性衬底ITO薄膜的制备及其光电性能研究

在室温下,采用直流反应磁控溅射法,在聚酯薄膜（PEP）衬底上镀制了高性能的ITO薄膜。为了提高薄膜与基底的结合力,溅射前采用多弧离子源对PEP表面进行了等离子体清洗。研究了溅射工艺参数对ITO薄膜的光电性能和红外发射率的影响规律,探讨了ITO膜的透光和导电机理,并分析了方块电阻与红外发射率的相互关系。实验结果表明,通过等离子体清洗,ITO薄膜的结合力和光电性能都得到了改善。ITO薄膜的红外发射率和方块电阻受制备条件的影响规律具有相似之处,红外发射率随薄膜方块电阻的增大而呈增加的趋势。     

直流磁控溅射法制备ZnO∶Zr透明导电薄膜及性能研究

利用直流磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备了ZnO∶Zr(ZZO)透明导电薄膜。研究了厚度对薄膜结构及光电性能的影响。研究结果表明,厚度对薄膜的结构和电学性能有很大的影响。制备的ZZO薄膜为六角纤锌矿结构的多晶薄膜,具有c轴择优取向。在厚度为593nm时,薄膜的电阻率具有最小值1.9×10-3Ω·cm。所制备薄膜样品的可见光平均透过率都超过93%。     

薄膜厚度对胶体晶体薄膜光学特性的影响

通过控制温度和湿度,用垂直沉积法快速制备出了不同厚度的高质量二氧化硅和聚苯乙烯胶体晶体薄膜。用透射光谱和反射光谱对制备的样品的光学特性进行了表征,并与理论计算结果进行了对比分析;用衍射光谱中的布拉格衍射峰两侧的波纹测量了薄膜厚度,并对薄膜厚度对其光学特性的影响进行了分析,为用厚度调制胶体晶体薄膜光学特性和实际应用创造了条件。     

LY12铝合金表面多弧离子镀TiN薄膜的结合强度及磨损性能

现有铝合金表面强化技术存在强化层薄,与基体结合力差或成本高等问题。采用多弧离子镀在硬铝合金LY12表面沉积了TiN薄膜,采用X射线衍射仪分析其结构,采用扫描电镜观察其界面形貌,采用单点划痕试验和磨损试验研究了TiN薄膜与基材的结合力、磨损性能及磨损机制。结果表明:在LY12铝合金表面制备的TiN薄膜厚度达6μm以上,膜基结合力约为41.29 N;TiN薄膜可大幅提高LY12铝合金的耐磨性能;随着载荷的增加,TiN薄膜的磨损机制从黏着磨损逐步向磨粒磨损转变。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.