再生制动优先作用的电动汽车ABS控制策略

为使电动汽车的驱动轮在紧急制动时,既能防抱死,又能回收制动能,提出了再生制动力矩优先作用的机电协同防抱死制动控制策略。即在任何制动工况下,只要再生制动力矩有效,均优先使用再生制动力矩来防止驱动轮抱死。分析了再生ABS优先作用的工作模式及其制动力分配原则,给出了相应的控制逻辑;然后以1/4车辆模型为例,建立了再生ABS优先作用的动力学模型,设计了基于车轮滑移率的PID控制律。在此基础上,建立了该策略的MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真模型。仿真结果表明:随着路面附着系数的提高,制动模式将由纯再生ABS转为再生制动优先作用的机电复合再生ABS,机械制动力矩也将相应增大;其次,与传统液压ABS的对比仿真试验表明,采用该策略能使制动系统的反应速度至少提高21.8%,车辆制动距离缩短4.9%。     

汽车ABS滑移率的计算研究

汽车ABS主要通过调节制动力来控制制动滑移率,获得较高的附着利用率,达到缩短制动距离,并且保持一定方向可操纵性的目的。一般的ABS是通过大量道路试验求得滑移车的控制,而这里是对基于制动轮缸压力的汽车ABS制动滑移率的算法进行研究开发,经过实验证明了其合理性。     

基于路面识别的汽车ABS模糊控制仿真

汽车防抱制动系统（ABS）通过在制动过程中自动控制车轮的制动力矩,从而防止了车轮抱死。为了进一步提高汽车ABS的性能,在对汽车制动过程进行动力学分析的基础上,建立了ABS系统的模糊控制模型;采用路面识别方法,对变附着系数路面进行了ABS制动模拟仿真。仿真结果表明,基于路面识别的模糊控制防抱制动系统能取得较好的控制效果,并具有一定的自适应能力。     

汽车ABS技术及其发展趋势

分析了汽车防抱死制动系统(ABS)的主要特点:改善汽车的制动效能,缩短制动距离,避免车轮抱死,避免汽车在制动过程中转向能力和方向稳定性的丧失.介绍了ABS的发展过程及其工作原理,对ABS的关键技术--ABS的控制方法作了详细的分析,这些控制方法从各种不同的角度对ABS进行了有效的控制,同时也有各自的不足之处.指出了ABS技术的发展趋势,为汽车ABS技术的进一步研究指明了方向.     

反推模糊滑模控制在无人机制动系统的应用

针对无人机防滑制动系统（ABS），提出了一种反推模糊滑模控制方法。在机电作动器模型的基础上，建立无人机制动系统纵向动力学模型。为了克服制动系统的高阶非线性，采用Barrier Lyapunov函数设计了ABS控制器，确保无人机在制动过程中的滑移率能够在预设范围内跟踪参考值。然后，通过功率快速终端滑模控制算法实现ABS控制器所需的高性能制动压力控制，在此基础上建立模糊校正器以提高机电执行器（EMA）在不同制动压力范围内的动态自适应能力。实验结果表明，所提出的制动压力控制策略能够提高EMA的伺服性能，实验结果表明，所提出的控制策略在各种跑道条件下都具有良好的稳定性。     

增加车辆刹车可控性设计

防抱死制动系统(Antilock braking system,ABS)是通过车轮角加速度与阈限值的比较进行制动力控制.这种系统的优势是只需角速度传感器信号就足够了;缺点是工作时会出现制动压力连续的超调,使车轮从抱死模式到滚动模式来回转换,这样制动器不能产生在当前道路状况下最大可能的制动力矩值.增加制动效率的构思是制动压力增加的强度取决于当前道路状况,但面临的问题是制动器产生的制动力矩值、当前道路状况和牵引系数值是未知数.本文通过建立三层神经网络模型来识别和获取这些参数,并在设计的随机路面上进行仿真实验,验证了所设计控制器工作的准确性.     

基于集成式电子液压制动系统的横摆稳定性控制策略研究

基于装配集成式电子液压制动系统（Integrated-electro-hydraulic brake system,I-EHB）的车辆进行横摆稳定性控制研究。设计了基于直接横摆力矩控制（Direct yaw moment control,DYC）的运动跟踪控制算法,采用线性二自由度车辆模型得到了参考横摆角速度值,与实际横摆角速度值进行比较通过比例积分（Proportional-integral,PI）控制算法计算出附加横摆力矩。将附加横摆力矩进行控制分配,通过单轮制动方式分配至作用车轮,再转换得到各个车轮的轮缸目标液压力值。利用基于轮缸压力均衡控制方法来跟踪目标轮缸压力,通过查表确定当前压力差下的目标增压速率,采用公式法在线性范围内近似拟合占空比随目标增压速率变化关系,以查表求出的目标增压速率作为输入来得到控制电磁阀的占空比。搭建了该系统的硬件在环测试平台,在高低附路面上验证了控制策略的有效性。     

基于ABS的ABS/ASR集成液压系统设计

介绍一种基于JETTA GTX轿车ABS液压系统的ABS／ASR集成液压系统改造方案，该ABS／ASR集成液压系统在原有ABS液压系统的基础上增加较少的液压元件实现全部ABS功能和ASR制动干预控制功能，改造后的集成系统工作可靠，不影响原有的常规制动和ABS制动过程。     

汽车防抱制动系统中液压系统性能评价与试验

建立包含电磁阀、制动管路和制动分泵的防抱制动系统(Anti-lock braking system,ABS)液压系统数学模型,设计ABS液压系统试验平台,对实车ABS液压系统进行测试。采用回归分析的方法对模型参数进行拟合,对仿真结果与试验数据进行对比验证。在液压系统模型的基础上,建立整个ABS系统的仿真模型,进行仿真分析,讨论影响ABS控制效果的液压系统滞后时间、升压减压能力、压力波动特征等关键因素及参数。研究结果为ABS系统与整车制动系统的匹配提供了重要依据。     

基于轮胎力的ABS与SAS的集成控制研究

为提高车辆的制动性与平顺性,采用一种基于轮胎力的防抱死制动系统(Antilock Brake System,ABS)与半主动悬架(Semi-Active Suspension,SAS)集成控制,该集成控制包括采用比例-微分-积分(Proportion-Integral-Differential,PID)控制的ABS模块与采用模糊控制的SAS模块,两个模块分别以轮胎的纵向力和垂向力为控制目标,利用遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)实现对轮胎力的最优分配。Car Sim软件与Simulink软件的联合仿真结果显示,采用该集成控制方法可以缩短汽车制动距离,并改善车辆的车身加速度和俯仰角等平顺性指标。     

基于MATLAB下的制动系统建模、仿真及ABS控制器设计

本文对某汽车ABS制动系统进行仿真建模,并对其进行单轮模型和分段线性的轮胎模型的建立;在Matlab环境下对ABS控制器进行设计和仿真分析;提出了一种门限值控制算法,对制动液压控制系统实现增压、保压、减压动作,使得汽车制动时的滑移率控制在一定范围内,以保证汽车的平稳制动.得出ABS控制下的滑移率时域结果图、车轮前进速度...     

Design and Analysis of Electro-mechanical Hybrid Anti-lock Braking System for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Utilizing Motor Regenerative Braking

Braking on low adhesion-coefficient roads, hybrid electric vehicle's motor regenerative torque is switched off to safeguard the normal anti-lock braking system (ABS) function. When the ABS control is terminated, the motor regenerative braking is readmitted.Aiming at avoiding permanent cycles from hydraulic anti-lock braking to motor regenerative braking, a novel electro-mechanical hybrid anti-lock braking system using fuzzy logic is designed. Different from the traditional single control structure, this system has a two-layered hierarchical structure. The first layer is responsible for harmonious adjustment or interaction between regenerative system and anti-lock braking system. The second layer is responsible for braking torque distribution and adjustment. The closed-loop simulation model is built. Control strategy and method for coordination between regenerative and anti-lock braking are developed. Simulation braking on low adhesion-coefficient roads with fuzzy logic control and real vehicle braking field test are presented. The results from simulating analysis and experiment show braking performance of the vehicle is perfect, harmonious coordination between regenerative and anti-lock braking function, significant amount of braking energy can be recovered and the proposed control strategy and method are effective.     

基于模糊控制的电动汽车低速再生ABS研究

为使电动汽车在低附着系数路面上再生制动时车轮具有防抱死功能,提出了一种通过控制电机的再生制动力与反接制动力来防止车轮抱死的方法。阐述了电动汽车低速再生ABS工作原理,建立了电动汽车单轮车辆动力学模型;根据电机低速再生制动的电路稳态条件,利用模糊控制理论设计了基于滑移率控制模式的再生ABS控制系统。仿真结果表明:系统不但鲁棒性强,而且反应迅速,控制精度高;制动过程由占主体的再生制动和制动末期出现的反接制动组成;在电机峰值工作能力内,随地面附着性能的提高,再生ABS回收的制动能也随之增加。     

混合动力汽车再生制动压力协调控制系统

再生制动作为混合动力汽车中的一门关键技术,越来越受到大家的关注和重视,针对国内外混合动力汽车再生制动压力协调控制系统的局限性和复杂性,设计出一种基于ABS硬件的再生制动压力协调控制系统,该系统实现了再生制动与 (Anti-lock braking system,ABS)制动功能下的压力协调控制。建立AMEsim与Simulink联合仿真模型并进行恒制动强度下、变制动强度下、纯ABS模式下和综合制动模式下的仿真分析,结果表明除纯ABS外各模式下的电池SOC(State of Charge)回收率分别为0.27％、0.33％和0.29％,仿真结果表明电机能将汽车制动时减少的能量进行一定程度的回收并提供制动力。因此,所设计系统能实现各制动模式下压力协调控制以满足汽车制动需求,仿真结果验证了该方案的有效性和可行性,为再生制动系统的设计与优化奠定了基础。     

A study on regenerative braking for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle

In this paper, a regenerative braking algorithm is presented and performance of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is investigated. The regenerative braking algorithm calculates the available regenerative braking torque by considering the motor characteristics, the battery SOC and the CVT speed ratio. When the regenerative braking and the friction braking are applied simultaneously, the friction braking torque corresponding to the regenerative braking should be reduced by decreasing the hydraulic pressure at the front wheel. To implement the regenerative braking algorithm, a hydraulic braking module is designed. In addition, the HEV powertrain models including the internal combustion engine, electric motor, battery, CVT and the regenerative braking system are obtained using AMESim, and the regenerative braking performance is investigated by the simulation. Simulation results show that the proposed regenerative braking algorithm contributes to increasing the battery SOC which results in the improved fuel economy. To verify the regenerative braking algorithm, an experimental study is performed. It is found from the experimental results that the regenerative braking hydraulic module developed in this study generates the desired front wheel hydraulic pressure specified by the regenerative braking control algorithm.     

汽车爆胎附加横摆力矩模型研究

在对爆胎车辆动力学特性进行分析的基础上,建立了爆胎车辆产生附加横摆力矩预估计算模型,并结合车辆电控液压制动系统中进液电磁阀开启时间与制动轮缸压力的相关特性,把附加横摆力矩预估值转化为制动轮缸增压时间,以直接控制车辆各轮缸增压时间来实现差动制动,从而产生相应的抗爆胎附加横摆力矩以平衡车辆。设计了相关试验系统,试验结果表明,该预估计算模型基本可以近似计算车辆爆胎后所需的抗爆胎横摆力矩,为提高汽车爆胎应急自动制动系统响应能力,进一步精准控制爆胎车辆运动轨迹提供了先行条件。     

Drive control algorithm for an independent 8 in-wheel motor drive vehicle

This paper describes a drive control algorithm based on optimal coordination of drive torque for an independent 8 in-wheel motor drive vehicle. The drive controller improves lateral stability and maneuverability. The drive controller consists of upper level controller and lower level controller. The upper level controller determines front, middle steering angle, additional net yaw moment and longitudinal net force according to the reference velocity and steering commands. The lower level controller coordinates additional tractive and braking forces to guarantee desired longitudinal net force and yaw moment. This controller is based on optimal control theory and takes into consideration the friction circle related to the vertical tire force and friction coefficient acting on the road and tire. Distributed tractive and braking forces are determined as proportional to the size of the friction circle according to the changes at driving conditions. The response of the 8 in-wheel drive vehicle implemented with this drive controller has been evaluated via computer simulations conducted using Matlab/Simulink dynamic model. Computer simulations of an open-loop J-turn maneuver and a closed-loop driver model subjected to double lane change have been conducted to demonstrate improved performance and stability of the proposed drive controller.     

基于LabVIEW的汽车ABS测试系统设计

ABS是汽车的一种重要主动安全装置。以图形化编程软件LabVIEW为核心,结合数据采集卡,设计了汽车ABS测试系统。该系统能够实现制动车速、制动距离、角速度、滑移率等性能参数的实时显示与存储,便于对ABS性能进行分析以及对控制算法进行优化改进,从而为开发和研制汽车防抱死制动系统提供了测试依据。     

Direct adaptive neural control of antilock braking systems incorporated with passive suspension dynamics

A direct adaptive neural network-based feedback linearization (NNFBL) slip control scheme for an antilock braking system (ABS) is presented. The NNFBL slip controller is developed to minimise the vehicle braking distance and to simultaneously improve its overall ride comfort and road handling. The comprehensive vehicle model incorporates the passive suspension dynamics, the dynamics of the electro-mechanical based braking system and air drag and wheel bearing friction. A feedforward, multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network (NN) model that is well suited for control by discrete input-output linearization (NNIOL) is selected to represent the ABS with passive suspension. The NN model was trained using Levenberg-Marquardt optimization algorithm. The controlled signal was further boosted using a genetic algorithm generated gain. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated by simulation results, in the presence of deterministic road disturbance input to the suspension and varying road conditions. The results are superior with respect to braking distance minimization and also to reference slip tracking, especially on the dry asphalt road.