高拉伸强度高延伸率丁羟弹性体的研究

综述了高拉伸强度高延伸率丁羟弹性体的几种改性方法。用自制的二聚脂肪酸二异氰酸酯（DDI）为固化剂制备的丁羟弹性体胶片具有优异的力学性能,最大拉伸强度达9.02 MPa,该强度下的延伸率达1 000%。指出以DDI为高性能固化剂的＂DDI固化体系＂是制备高拉伸强度高延伸率丁羟弹性体最为有效的途径,使用具有不同官能度的液体端羟基聚丁二烯进行复配的＂丁羟双模体系＂将是高强度高延伸率丁羟推进剂的主要研究方向。     

丁羟型聚氨酯弹性体力学性能研究

研究了以不同分子质量的丁羟（HTPB）、二异氰酸酯和固化剂为主要原料制备的PU弹性体的力学性能。结果表明,PU弹性体的力学性能随丁羟相对分子质量的增大而提高;R（n-NCO／n-OH）值达到8时,PU的力学性能最佳;用4种固化剂固化PU弹性体,结果表明复配的固化剂固化的PU弹性体力学性能最好;固化温度越高、时间越长,PU弹性体的力学性能越好。     

合成工艺对丁羟聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响

以丁羟液体橡胶(HTPB)、N,N-双(2-羟丙基)苯胺(BHA)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)制得丁羟聚氨酯预聚体,然后用3,3'-二氯-4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷(MOCA)固化制备了丁羟聚氨酯弹性体;研究了合成方法、不同二元醇、反应温度、反应时间、预聚体中-NCO质量分数及固化工艺对丁羟聚氯酯弹性体力学性能的影响.利用红外光谱分析了不同固化温度的丁羟聚氨酯弹性体,结果显示弹性体的微相分离程度从高温到低温梯度降低.     

助剂对丁羟聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响

通过单向拉伸试验、交联密度和凝胶分数测试等手段,研究了MAPO、TEBA、防老剂H对丁羟(HTPB)聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明:在不含催化剂的条件下MAPO与TDI完全能够发生反应;由于MAPO和HTPB竞争与TDI反应,进入弹性体交联网络结构中,可能破坏了网络结构的完整性,从而影响了弹性体的单向拉伸性能;TEBA与TDI反应进入弹性体网络结构中,增加了网络链的柔顺性;防老剂H对丁羟弹性体力学性能的影响是扩链作用、改变HTPB的反应分数和增加物理交联点3种作用的综合结果。     

填料对丁羟型聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响

介绍了丁羟(端羟基聚丁二烯液体橡胶,HTPB)与2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)的固化反应机理,考查了当丁羟为100份,填料为85份时,不同填料对丁羟型聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响。     

用粉末丁腈橡胶改性高聚合度聚氯乙烯的研究

考察了高聚合度聚氯乙烯热塑性弹性体（HPVC-TPE）的基本力学性能、加工流变性能。系统地研究了HPVC软质材料、硬质材料的共混力学改性和共混加工改性。由具有包藏结构的粉末丁腈改性的HPVC制得的软质HPVC-TPE材料和研制的硬质HPVC材料的力学性能、耐老化性能、流变性能均达到或接近进口材料水平。挤出产品外观平整、光滑,接近进口挡雨条样品的水平。     

丁羟聚氯酯弹性体的制备和性能研究

丁羟聚氨酯弹性体是以丁羟液体橡胶、扩链剂211（N,N-双（2-羟丙基）苯胺）和甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）反应,然后用MOCA固化制备而成。本文讨论了丁羟聚氨酯弹性体的制备和性能,并将丁羟聚氨酯弹性体试件浸入油、水及丙酮试剂中,分别浸泡3、5、10和20d后,测试试件拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。结果表明,丁羟液体橡胶相对分子质量约3500,异氰酸酯基／羟基的物质的量比为5．0时合成的丁羟聚氨酯弹性体的性能优异。     

丁羟聚氨酯弹性体密封涂层的应用

丁羟聚氨酯弹性体是国内应用比较广泛的聚氨酯弹性体之一。不仅具有丁二烯长链的优异柔韧性，又有优良的高强度、高伸长率、低永久变形的力学性能，卓越的耐油、耐磨、耐溶剂性及耐低温性能，还有设备投资少、操作工艺简单、加工方便等特点，因此备受人们青睐。主要用于煤炭、机械、石油、汽车、纺织等领域中，如筛板、胶辊、密封圈、粘合剂、减震器、轴套、旋流分离器等产品。     

丁羟弹性体中氨基甲酸酯基浓度测定方法研究

应用多种分析方法对丁羟弹性体溶胶某些参数进行了定量测定。在此基础上，借助于提出的数学模型，给出了形成丁羟弹性体时ＨＴＰＢ的反应程度及丁羟弹性体中氨基甲酸酯基浓度。     

丁腈羟/聚碳酸酯基聚氨酯脲弹性体的制备和性能

用丁腈羟与聚碳酸酯二醇共混物制备聚氨酯脲弹性体,并研究了其性能.纯丁腈羟基聚氨酯脲弹性体的拉伸强度为17 MPa;随着聚碳酸酯二醇用量的增加,丁腈羟/聚碳酸酯基聚氨酯脲弹性体的拉伸强度先降低后升高,邵尔A硬度逐渐增大.纯丁腈羟基聚氨酯弹性体的热性能明显优于聚碳酸酯基聚氨酯弹性体.     

阳离子水性聚氨酯FS-0566M

介绍了以聚丁二烯二醇、端羟烷基改性聚硅氧烷、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷及异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯等为主要原料、N-羟甲基二乙醇胺为扩链剂、三羟甲基丙烷为交联剂、碘甲烷为季铵化试剂合成具有"遥爪式"结构的阳离子聚氨酯FS-0566M的方法。讨论了聚丁二烯二醇、端羟烷基改性聚硅氧烷和季铵盐阳离子基团对具有"遥爪式"结构的聚氨酯涂层耐老化性能、耐水性能及与织物、皮革表面结合牢度的影响。结果表明,FS-0566M胶膜具有较好的耐老化和耐水性能,用于织物和皮革涂饰剂可明显提高耐水洗牢度。     

Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene based waterborne polyurethane acrylate emulsions: Synthesis,characterization, and damping property

A new kinds of waterborne polyurethane acrylate (WPUA) dispersions were synthesized based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), 1, 4-butanediol (1, 4-BDO), polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG), dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as main raw materials. The influence of the HTPB content on the particle size, storage stability of the WPUA dispersions and the damping property of cured films were studied by using dynamic light scattering (DLS), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), respectively. It can be found the WPUA dispersions have a good stability and the damping temperature range of loss tangent (tan δ) >0.3 reaches a maximum (−26.6–79.14°C) when the content of HTPB is 20%. The HTPB based WPUA could be applied to damping material.     

不同壁材石蜡微胶囊与HTPB型黏结剂的表界面研究

为了解决聚合物黏结炸药(PBX)中小分子石蜡钝感剂力学性能差、与高分子黏结剂相容性不佳等问题,基于不同壁材石蜡微胶囊(MePW)的合成,采用浇注成型的方法,制备其与石蜡、端羟基聚丁二烯型聚氨酯(HTPB)的复合材料;研究了该复合材料的化学组成、脆断面形貌、表面和界面热力学性质、力学性能,以及它们之间的关系。结果表明,加入MePW可以有效减少石蜡从HTPB基体脆断面脱离,以MF MePW和PS MePW改善效果最佳。与PW/HTPB相比,加入MePW后使材料表面张力(γs)最高降低了14.8012mN/m(60%MF MePW/PW/HTPB),明显提高石蜡与HTPB间的相容性;同时力学性能显著增强,其压缩模量、压缩强度、拉伸模量、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率最高分别提高了10.4kPa(PS-SiO2 MePW)、94kPa(PMMA MePW/PW/HTPB)、44 kPa(MF MePW/PW/HTPB)、519kPa(MF MePW/PW/HTPB)和796.16%(MF MePW/PW/HTPB)。由此可见,4种壁材MePW中,MF MePW对PW/HTPB的改性效果最显著,最有利于其在PBX体系的应用。     

Bonding a HTPB liner to modern rocket case materials

Methods for bonding propellants based on HTPB (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene) to modern rocket motor case materials have been studied. Thus a typical rocket propellant liner, based on HTPB, was adhesion tested to various polymer materials and to an aluminum alloy. The polymer materials are an epoxy resin and composite materials, based on epoxy-poly(ether sulfone), poly(ether ether ketone), poly(amide imide), and poly(phenylene sulfide). With proper surface treatment, excellent results were obtained at separation tests for all materials with cohesive failure in the liner.     

HTPB‐based polyurethaneurea membranes for recovery of aroma compounds from aqueous solution by pervaporation

Hydroxyterminated polybutadiene (HTPB)‐based polyurethaneurea (PU), HTPB‐PU, was synthesized by two‐step polymerization and was firstly used as membrane materials to recover aroma, ethyl acetate (EA), from aqueous solution by pervaporation (PV). The effects of the number–average molecular weight (M_n) of HTPB, EA in feed, operating temperature, and membrane thickness on the PV performance of HTPB‐PU membranes were investigated. The membranes demonstrated high EA permselectivity as well as high EA flux. The DSC result showed two transition temperatures in the HTPB‐PU membrane and contact angle measurements revealed the difference of hydrophobicity of the membrane at both sides, which were induced by glass plate and air, respectively, due to movement of the soft hydrophobic polybutadiene (PB) segments in HTPB‐PU chains. Furthermore, the PV performance of the HTPB‐PU membrane with the hydrophobic surface facing the feed was much better than that with the hydrophilic surface. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 552–559, 2007     

端羟基聚丁二烯中羟基类型的NMR研究进展

介绍了核磁共振（NMR）研究端羟基聚丁二烯（HTPB）中羟基类型的进展,给出了自由基聚合法合成HTPB中涉及的反应机理,总结了HTPB的羟基类型和力学性能的相互关系,并为解决HTPB指标相同、批次不同而性能有很大差异的问题提供了一个基本思路和方法。     

Anionic waterborne polyurethane dispersions based on hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene and poly(propylene glycol): Synthesis and characterization

Nonpolluting systems based on anionic polyurethane aqueous dispersions were obtained. The prepolymer based on hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), and dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) were synthesized in bulk. After neutralization with triethylamine (TEA), the anionomer prepolymer was dispersed in water, followed by a chain‐extension reaction with ethylenediamine (EDA). The prepolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and the average particle size of the aqueous dispersions was determined by laser light scattering (LLS). The mechanical behavior of polyurethane‐cast films and the adhesive properties of the aqueous dispersions as coatings for wood were evaluated. It was observed that an increase in the HTPB content provoked an increase in the viscosity and in the particle size of the dispersions. The tensile strength and the modulus values of the films and the adhesiveness of the coatings in wood were also increased by increasing the HTPB content. On the other hand, the elongation of the polyurethane‐cast films and the tackness of the surface coatings decreased as the HTPB was increased. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 566–572, 2001     

Study on a Vinyl Ester/Methyl Methacrylate Based Reactive Acrylic Adhesive Toughened by Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene

The effect of addition of a hydroxyl-terminated liquid polybutadiene (HTPB) rubber on the morphology, adhesive, thermal and mechanical properties of a vinyl ester (VE)/methyl methacrylate (MMA) based reactive acrylic adhesive has been investigated. Phase separation was observed in the cured HTPB-modified acrylic adhesive. Low levels of HTPB enhanced the adhesive properties and the optimum adhesive strength was observed at about 10wt% HTPB. HTPB modification had no significant effect on the thermal properties, but decreased the mechanical strength, which was attributed to the inadequate bonding of the rubber particles. Introduction of a chemical link between HTPB and VE by toluene diisocyanate coupling showed significant improvement in adhesive and mechanical strength.     

Thermomechanical and Morphological Characteristics of Cross‐Linked GAP and GAP–HTPB Networks with Different Diisocyanates

This paper describes the mechanical and thermal characterisation of cross‐linked glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) and GAP–hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) networks. Cross‐linked GAP and GAP–HTPB networks were prepared by reacting GAP diol and GAP–HTPB diol mixture with different diisocyanates. The physical and mechanical characteristics were found to be influenced by the type of isocyanate curing agents, [NCO]/[OH] equivalent ratios and concentration of GAP. For all the three types of curing agents, GAP–HTPB blends of 50 : 50 to 30 : 70 ratios show higher mechanical strength over the virgin networks of GAP or HTPB. Thermal decomposition of cross‐linked GAP–HTPB networks was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The kinetic parameters for the decomposition of GAP–HTPB blends were found to be dependant on the concentration of GAP and HTPB in the blend. The cross‐linked GAP–HTPB blends were subjected to dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The glass transition characteristics of the blends were evaluated by DMA and it was found that blends prepared with GAP content up to 30% showed single transition in the loss tangent trace indicating no phase separation in the cured network.