基于容积卡尔曼滤波算法估计动力锂电池荷电状态

动力锂电池荷电状态的准确估计是电池管理系统的关键功能之一。该文结合二阶电阻-电容等效电路模型,通过建立状态空间表达式,利用最小二乘法对等效电路模型各参数进行辨识,并通过多项式拟合方法获得了开路电压与剩余电荷的关系曲线,进而基于容积卡尔曼滤波方法对锂电池荷电状态进行建模,建立了基于数字信号处理器的充放电实验平台,实现了锂电池放电时荷电状态的实时估算。实验结果表明,该方法能够实现实时在线估算,且最大误差小于 2%,具有良好的估算精度。     

超低功耗的锂电池管理系统设计

为了满足某微功耗仪表的应用,提高安全性能,提出了一种超低功耗锂电池管理系统的设计方案。该方案采用双向高端微电流检测电路,结合开路电压和电荷积分算法实现电量检测。采用纽扣电池代替DC/DC降压电路最大程度降低功耗。系统实现了基本保护、剩余电量检测、故障记录等功能。该锂电池管理系统在仪表上进行验证,结果表明具有良好的稳定性和可靠性,平均工作电流仅145μA。     

基于物联网的电动汽车电池管理智能解决方案

提出了一种基于感知层、网络层和应用层三层架构的物联网电动汽车锂电池组高精度管理智能解决方案。该方案采用BMS智能物联系统和Thevenin电池智慧管理模型，实现对单体电池组电压、电流实时采样和电压均衡控制，同时通过ESAM电池模块、手持终端PSAM模块测量电池组充放电电流，实现对BMS电池信息采集与处理、CAN电池信息传递与汇总及EVT电池信息识别与监测。通过搭建MATLAB/Simulink仿真实验平台，模拟测试24串磷酸铁锂电池组运行工况，电池荷电状态估算值误差精度在±5%内，从而验证了本文解决方案的可靠性与电池模型、估测算法的精准性。     

锂电池组关键参数模块化在线检测方法研究

锂电池是一种新兴的绿色清洁能源。与其他的化学电池相比,锂电池具有寿命长、能量密度高的优点。由于电池组电压、电流、温度等关键参数至关重要,采用模块化设计思路,结合芯片采集与高可靠数字通信基础,研究了一基于LTC6804的锂电池组关键参数检测的硬件系统。对锂电池组的关键参数进行了研究。采用STM32作为控制中心,LTC6804作为电压采集芯片,INA219作为负载电流检测模块,DS18B20作为温度检测器件。系统的电路板尺寸为110 mm×84 mm。其具有高集成度、空间利用率高的特点。试验结果表明,系统下单体电压值采集绝对误差低于2 mV、电流值采集绝对误差为10 mA、温度采集绝对误差为0.5℃,整个系统具有较高的精确度和可靠性。该系统可为锂电池组提供关键参数的精确检测,对锂电池组的安全运行有着重要意义。     

基于等效电路分析的航空锂电池工作特性研究

针对航空锂电池安全保障问题,提出了一种基于等效电路模型的锂电池工作特性分析方法。该方法通过PNGV等效电路处理,实现对航空锂电池物理反应过程的电路模拟,并基于此研究了航空锂电池的工作特性。实验结果表明,该方法能够实现对航空用75 Ah锂电池等效电路的有效模拟,等效模型能够有效分析不同条件下的电池工作状态,获得锂电池工作特性规律,为锂电池的安全航空应用提供保障。     

串联锂电池组无损均衡管理方案设计与实现

针对串联锂电池组充放电过程中的多电池均衡问题,设计一种实现锂电池组能量无损均衡智能快速充放电的新方案。论述充放电管理方法的总体思路,介绍无损均衡电路及电压、电流、温度的采样,给出充放电控制电路及MOSFET驱动电路等模块的设计。实验结果表明,该方案能够更快速有效地实现串联锂电池组的充放电能量无损均衡。     

基于DSP的电动汽车锂电池荷电状态估算的研究与实现

锂电池荷电状态(SOC)的准确估算是电动汽车能源管理的关键技术。为了提高锂电池SOC的估算精度,将无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)应用于锂电池SOC估算,以减小拓展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)简单线性化带来的误差。搭建电池检测系统的硬件平台,以TMS320F28335型数字信号处理器(DSP)为主控芯片(MCU),实现电压、电流、温度的检测及UKF算法,并设计了相关的电池测试实验。实验结果表明,UKF可以实时估算锂电池SOC,估算误差在4%以内,高于传统的拓展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)。     

基于电路等效和UKF-EKF的锂电池SOC估算方法研究

锂电池以成组形式被广泛使用,但在生产与使用中单体不一致现象会严重影响电池的使用效率、寿命以及安全性。因此,对动力锂电池荷电状态(SOC)进行实时准确估算,保证电池的及时均衡尤为重要。针对动力电池估算所存在的等效模型模拟电池充放电过程中的真实性低、常用算法精度损失等问题,采用二阶Thevenin等效电路模型,通过递推最小二乘法进行电池模型的参数辨识。对比扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法与无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)算法的优、缺点,提出了一种结合EKF和UKF两种算法优势的联合在线SOC估计策略。将估计的SOC结果和试验测量结果进行比较,并通过试验与仿真验证该方法的精度。试验结果表明,该方法能够有效实现SOC的在线估算,其估计精度在5%内,为电池管理系统的搭建与锂电池组的均衡提供了判断依据。     

9.基于自适应滑动均值和小波阈值的叶尖间隙信号降噪方法

动叶片与发动机机匣之间的叶尖间隙参数是反映航空发动机工作性能和运行安全的关键状态参数之一。提高叶尖间隙信号信噪比是实现高精度叶尖间隙测量的关键,为此提出基于自适应滑动均值和小波阈值的混合叶尖间隙信号实时降噪方法。首先根据叶片转速等信息,估算叶尖间隙信号带宽大小,然后通过动态改变滑动均值滤波的滑动点数来实现自适应低通滤波,最后结合小波阈值降噪时频分析能力,进一步降低噪声干扰。通过仿真实验确定采用对db5小波基函数进行6层小波阈值分解.仿真结果表明该方法在各项降噪评价指标方面全面优于现有的有限脉冲响应和固定点滑动均值滤波方法。1000rpm~4000rpm转速范围内实际测试表明,该方法最大测量误差为16μｍ,有效提高叶尖间隙测量精度。     

一种改进的谐波电流检测方法

针对传统的ip-iq谐波电流检测方法采用锁相环虽然能得到三相电流的基频和初相角,但当电网电压发生畸变时则存在检测精度较低、电路复杂的问题,提出了一种改进的无锁相环的谐波电流检测方法;详细分析了当电网电压发生畸变时,在三相电流对称和不对称的情况下该改进方法的检测原理,并给出了该改进方法应用于单相电路谐波电流检测的实现。实验结果表明,该改进方法能够准确、实时地检测谐波电流,且算法简单。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。