结合显著度图和自适应能量线的快速图像缩放*

针对Seam Carving图像缩放方法中能量函数的局限性和动态规划算法的复杂性,提出了一种基于图像内容的快速图像缩放方法。结合基于视觉注意力模型的显著度图,完善图像内容的能量描述;同时,提出一种基于图像内容的粗、细能量线自适应机制,与层次加速动态规划一起,加速缩放效率。仿真实验结果表明,该算法在有效保护图像内容的同时,降低了算法的计算复杂度,减少了图像缩放时间。     

抗混叠轮廓波HMT模型的医学图像融合

为了更好地对医学图像进行融合,提出了一种利用抗混叠轮廓波HMT模型的图像融合新算法。该算法首先对原始轮廓波变换的频谱混叠问题展开研究,明确LP分解中的两个低通滤波器不满足Nyquist抽样定律是造成混叠的主要原因。接着,在对低通滤波器考虑带限约束条件下,设计了一种能抑制混叠的利用双通道滤波器组结构的多尺度分解方案,用于代替原始轮廓波变换的LP分解,结合方向滤波器组,实现了一种抗混叠的轮廓波变换。在此基础上,提出一种采用隐马尔可夫树（HMT）来刻划变换系数尺度间相关性的医学图像成像模型,并以期望最大化算法估计模型参数,得到融合图像。CT与MR图像以及MR-T1与MR-T2图像的融合实验表明,该算法的融合结果无论在视觉质量及定量指标上都明显优于基于小波变换和原始轮廓波变换的方法。     

基于柱镜光栅的自由立体显示图像融合算法

针对现有的图像融合算法存在频域混叠现象及通用性差的问题,提出一种基于柱镜光栅的自由立体图像融合算法。在低通抗混叠滤波前对视点图像进行非等比例上采样,调整视点图像亚像素映射公式,强化公式的通用性。实验结果表明,该算法在定性的视觉效果及定量的图像质量评估方面都具有一定的优势。     

图像内容感知缩放的检测方法研究

针对可用于图像篡改的内容感知缩放技术,本文提出了一种基于概率Map图统计特征的内容感知缩放检测算法.该算法利用概率Map图来反映图像是否经过内容感知缩放操作,并利用新提出的积分投影与局部统计特征来检测篡改图像.而后利用分类器进行分类训练,从而有效识别基于内容感知缩放操作的图像篡改.实验结果显示,所提算法能够区分出原始图像与篡改图像,并具有较高的正确检测率.     

基于差分进化的置换混叠图像盲分离

针对1类存在模糊差异的置换混叠图像,提出了1种基于差分进化的置换混叠图像盲分离算法。选择空域作为特征域,将置换混叠图像的梯度图像分成小块,并为每个小块设定个阈值,组成1个阈值向量。利用差分进化算法获得最优的阈值向量,将置换混叠图像阈值化为二值图像,利用图像形态学实现二值图像分离出置换图像。实验结果表明,与阈值法相比较,本算法能较好地把置换图像从置换混叠图像中分离出来,而不受置换图像位置、大小和个数的限制。     

针对光场图像的多尺度抗混叠绘制方法

针对现有光场图像存在混叠的问题,提出一种多尺度抗混叠绘制光场图像的方法.首先分析了光场角度降采样引起图像混叠的原因,然后给出角度采样率与图像混叠关系的数学描述,并且指出了影响图像混叠的相关因素.在此基础上,提出采用多尺度光场图像梯度融合的方法降低图像混叠,其优点在于无需场景深度先验信息.分别在虚拟光场数据和真实光场数据集上进行了抗混叠绘制实验,结果表明该方法优于经典光场绘制方法,能够得到与已知深度绘制方法相近的结果.     

基于Sobel算子和均匀插值的非线性缩放算法

针对图像缩放后产生的图像畸形与拉伸问题,提出一种基于Sobel算子和均匀插值的非线性缩放算法。通过图像能量区分出图像强势区域和弱势区域,在保护强势区域的同时,对弱势区域进行非线性均匀插值缩放。实验结果表明,该算法可解决图像缩放时主体区域产生的畸变问题,保证边缘区域的平稳过渡。     

基于有理样条的图像缩放算法

提出基于双三次有理插值样条模型的图像缩放算法.用有理插值样条函数将离散数字图像建成相应的连续数学模型,然后按缩放要求进行重新采样,实现图像的缩放.实验结果表明:该算法能有效地应用于数字图像的缩放处理,得到的图像轮廓清晰、边界分明,且算法简单,易于实现.     

基于多尺度边缘保持正则化的超分辨率复原

超分辨率复原是一种由一序列低分辨率变形图像来估计一幅(或一序列)较高分辨率的非变形图像的技术,同时,它能够消除加性噪声以及由有限检测器尺寸和光学元件产生的模糊.提出了一种基于多尺度正则化先验的最大后验概率超分辨率复原算法.算法特点如下:(1) 对运动估计结果实施可信度验证;(2) 采用图像的多尺度小波表征来定义图像的空域活动性测度,并由此构建多尺度Huber-Markov先验模型.实验结果表明,该算法不仅具有较好的超分辨率图像边缘保持能力,而且能够有效地消除图像伪迹.该算法可以应用于遥感图像、医学成像、高清晰度电视标准和合成视频变焦等领域.     

基于BEMD的图像去噪

通过研究图像信号去噪的原理和过程,提出一种基于BEMD的图像去噪算法.首先利用BEMD方法对图像信号进行分解,然后对分解结果的频谱特性进行选择性的去噪.针对噪声和图像信号混叠,采用一种选取的阀值优于软阀值或者硬阀值的方法.去噪结果能充分保留图像信号本身所固有的非平稳特征,并具有自适应强和灵活、有效的特点.实验证明,该算法是一种比小波去噪法更有效的图像信号去噪方法.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.