经纬度坐标下矿山微震震源深度的测定方法

针对经纬度坐标下矿山微震震源深度难以确定或误差较大的问题,提出了一种震源深度的测定方法。该方法在只利用微震P波走时的情况下,通过改进微震线性定位法计算微震震源的平面位置和发震时刻,然后通过震源到台站的震中距和微震走时,先进行TD模式拟合,在剔除错误数据后进行DT模式拟合,最后依据拟合直线的截距确定震源深度。实际应用结果表明,该方法能有效降低错误实测数据的干扰,提高震源深度的测定精度。     

高频微震震源预测系统设计

震源的不同会出现多级震源,在对震源进行预测过程中,常规震源预测方法主要对峰值加速度分布进行分析,存在对微震震源信号预测准确性差、耗时长的问题,提出新的高频微震震源预测系统设计方法。该系统硬件部分主要由震源信号采集模块、供电模块、主控模块、震源信息安全架构、通信模块及开关量传输接口模块组成。详尽分析了各个模块的电路结构,实现系统软件的构建。实验结果证明,利用改进方法所设计的高频微震震源的预测系统能够准确的定位并预测震源位置,系统实用性高,也降低了地震灾害给生活带来的损失。     

基于压缩感知理论的WSN微震源定位节点设计

提出了一种基于压缩感知的WSN微震源数据压缩算法.利用WSN微震信息的可稀疏化表示,设计出与稀疏基相关性低的稀疏观测矩阵,保证了压缩数据的可重构性,介绍了整个WSN微震源定位节点的系统设计,包括采集、存储以及无线传输方式等.将该压缩感知算法在硬件系统中实现,可利用较少的数据采集实现微震源定位,从而大大提高了存储、采集及WSN的效率.实验结果表明,该算法的硬件实现在保证微震信息完整性的基础上,数据压缩率达到60％,具有十分重要的研究意义.     

井下微震监测系统中远程串行通讯方案的设计与实现

为适应井下微震监测系统的远程高速传输数据的要求,在分析井下现有通讯设施的基础上,利用调制解调器和电话线构成拨号网络,采用Internet Transfer控件编程,实现井下微震监测系统与地面计算机控制中心连接,解决了把井下微震监测系统现场采集数据实时传送到地面信息管理系统的技术难题,利用这一技术还可实现在地面控制井下微震监测系统的运行。     

计算机技术在微震监测及矿井动力灾害预警预报中的应用

淮南矿山微震监测系统MMS具有良好的系统性能和技术参数,对矿井工作面上微震活动实施连续监测,为煤与瓦斯突出预警预报提供了新方式。针对谢一矿5125工作面地质情况,布设了24通道传感器,采用矿山微震监测系统对上覆岩层的微震活动实施连续监测,对震源定位和能量进行分析,得到了工作面微震活动规律分析,对应力集中区和应力降低区进行预警和预报,确定瓦斯源区,为煤与瓦斯突出的预警预报提供了新的手段。     

煤矿盗采定位算法研究与仿真实现

由于煤矿盗采具有隐蔽性强的特点,监管部门迫切需要检测精度高且周期短的设备对地下开采巷道进行实时监测,以便及时有效地发现盗采行为.在煤矿盗采行为定位监测中,震源的位置、发震时刻均为未知,而确定这些因素也是微地震监测的重点.提出PSO-Broyden混合算法实现煤矿防盗采定位监测功能,可以有效地确定盗采震源位置和盗采时间.混合算法充分地利用了Broyden算法的局部精确搜索性以及PSO算法的群体快速搜索特性,有效地克服了PSO算法后期搜索效率低下和Broyden法对初始值敏感的缺陷,并把煤矿盗采所产生的爆炸P波的速度作为未知解在混合算法中进行求解,减小了误差,提高了计算精度.仿真结果表明,PSO-Broyden算法在实际煤矿防盗采监测定位中既精确又稳定,能有效地提高盗采定位的准确性,具有很高的应用价值.     

远程通信技术在井下微震监测系统中的应用

利用调制解调器和电话线构成拨号网络,采用Internet Transfer控件编程,实现井下微震监测系统与地面计算机控制中心连接,从而很好地解决了把井下微震监测系统现场采集数据实时传送到地面信息管理系统的技术难题。利用这一技术还可实现在地面控制井下微震监测系统的运行。     

多种群遗传算法在微震震源定位中的应用

微震震源的精确和快速定位对坑道安全的预测至关重要;在设定均质均速模型条件下,两两检波器的观测走时和计算走时的拟合差绝对值之和为适应度函数,把微震震源定位转换为求解优化问题;采用格雷码对震源位置进行编码,提高了遗传算法的局部搜索能力;同时采用两个群体独立进化,分别利用轮盘和排序方法从两个群体中选择优秀个体,将各种群中的优秀个体进行交叉运算和变异产生新的个体,从而提高了遗传算法的全局搜索能力;通过实验证实优化后的遗传算法在微震震源定位中具有较高的性能和精度.     

基于多分站的KJ699微震监测系统研发

针对目前单分站微震监测系统在监测区域上的局限性,开发了一种基于多分站的KJ699微震监测系统。该系统基于多分站时钟同步技术,引入全矿井监控概念,把监测区域从一个回采工作面扩展到整个矿井,同时,基于矿井监测尺度,引入了波速校准、最优通道选择技术对微震震源定位方法进行了优化。现场测试结果表明,该系统能实时监控更大范围的微震,提高了定位精度及自动化程度,为微震活动的动态分析、冲击地压等动力灾害的评价预警提供了更好的基础信息。     

阵列天线方向图仿真系统设计与研究

针对阵列天线的布阵问题,设计了一种阵列天线仿真系统,实现了阵列天线设计的可视化操作.通过设置阵元数、波长、阵元间距等天线相关参数,系统能够实现直线、平面、圆形和圆柱四类阵列天线的仿真分析.针对四类阵列天线稀疏布阵问题,系统采用遗传算法,对稀疏阵列天线的方向图特性进行研究.通过系统的仿真,用户可以直观地观察阵列天线方向图...     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.