新型太阳能并网逆变器分析研究

传统的太阳能并网逆变器通常采用PI控制策略,但传统PI控制策略具有控制精度不高,鲁棒性较差的缺点。针对传统PI控制的缺点,对太阳能并网逆变器的控制策略进行了改进,提出一种新型的基于直接电流跟踪控制的太阳能并网逆变器控制策略。该控制策略将传统PI控制和现代重复控制理论相结合,能够有效抑制电网侧和负载侧对并网输出电流的周期性扰动,降低并网电流的THD。实验结果表明,新的控制策略可以有效改善并网电流波形,同时可以保证逆变器输出电流与电网电压的同频同相,满足太阳能并网发电的要求。     

光伏并网的控制策略与最大功率点跟踪的仿真分析

太阳能是一种丰富干净的可再生性能源,研究可靠的光伏并网发电系统控制策略和光伏电池输出特性与最大功率跟踪是非常重要。该文分析了光伏电池的工程数学模型,根据光伏电源输出特性与交流电源之间功率流动特征,提出了并网控制方案采用电压电流双闭环控制结构方法相结合的单级式光伏并网系统,使光伏电源并网逆变器输出电流完全与电网电压相位一致。此外,针对最大功率跟踪算法的实现和并网控制策略的配合问题进行了稳定性分析,最后通过仿真与实验验证了理论分析的正确性及控制策略的可行性。     

小功率单相光伏并网逆变器设计

文章在分析并网逆变器拓扑和控制策略基础上研制了一台600W单相并网逆变器,采用前级Boost升压后级工频变压器隔离的拓扑结构,控制策略为独立工作模式下的电压有效值控制和并网模式下的瞬时电流控制。该并网逆变器以TMS320F28035为控制核心,分别从硬件电路和控制策略进行分析,同时给出了分时分任务的模块化软件结构设计。实验表明,硬件电路设计合理,软件设计逻辑正确,能够确保逆变器在并网状态下平稳高效精确的运行。     

单相光伏并网逆变器控制策略研究与设计

针对光伏并网逆变器并网后其本质上为电流源的特点,采用STM32F103VET6型ARM芯片作为系统的控制核心,制造了一台5 kW单相光伏并网型逆变器。采用了固定开关频率的电流瞬时值控制技术来实现对并网电流的控制,在控制策略中加入了电压前馈来抑制电网电压对逆变器输出电流的影响,使用二阶电流预估来抵消SPWM波形延时对系统控制的影响。并且优化了最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）。实验证明,该逆变器样机性能完全达到设计要求。     

变系数降频模型预测直接功率控制

模型预测直接功率控制是三相并网逆变器有效的控制策略之一，但是为了维持稳定快速的功率跟踪，通常需要一个较高的采样频率，造成不必要的开关损耗。定系数降频控制策略可以降低有效地开关动作次数，但是不方便确定合适的开关函数系数，且降低了系统性能。变系数降频控制策略可以同时实现稳定的功率跟踪和开关频率降低。仿真和实验结果显示，与定系数降频控制策略相比，变系数策略具有更优越的特性。     

交错并联式并网MATLAB仿真系统研究

对于小型光伏并网发电系统,文中详细分析交错两级式并网系统。直流侧为双重的BOOST升压电路实现最大功率控制,采用扰动观察法实现最大功率点跟踪,并网逆变器的控制策略电压外环电流内环的双环控制,其中电流内环为滞环控制方式,并网逆变器的输出电流跟踪电网电压,实现功率因数为1的并网方式。文中给出了基于MATLAB的系统仿真模型,结果表明光伏电池能较好地实现最大功率点跟踪,电感容量减小,并且逆变后成功并网。     

基于DSP的小功率光伏并网逆变器的设计

本文介绍了1kW并网逆变器的设计。详细的介绍了逆变器的基本设计和关键技术，以及并网电流的控制策略。并在完成试验装置，验证了逆变器的稳定性和控制策略的可靠性。     

基于三电平光伏并网逆变器控制系统的研究与实践

设计了一种基于三电平的光伏并网逆变器,实现空间矢量控制策略、最大功率点跟踪、防孤岛检测等功能。提出了基于同步PI内环和直流电压外环的双闭环控制系统。实验证明：该装置具有较好的实时性、实用性和可靠性。     

基于DSP的小功率光伏并网逆变器的设计

介绍了1KW并网逆变器的设计.详细的介绍了逆变器的基本设计和关键技术,以及并网电流的控制策略.并在试验装置上,验证了逆变器的稳定性和控制策略的可靠性.     

基于DSP的单级式光伏并网逆变器的数字控制系统设计

单级式光伏并网逆变器具有转换效率高、体积小、成本低等优点,但在控制实现上却较为复杂,对太阳能电池的最大功率跟踪和输出电流正弦度及单位功率因素化的控制目标须同时得到保证。结合单同步坐标系软件锁相环和空间矢量脉宽调制算法,详细地阐述了数字控制系统的设计,针对其中的电压电流双闭环控制结构和前馈解耦控制策略进行着重分析。搭建光伏并网逆变器实验平台,采用TMS320F2812数字信号处理器作为核心芯片对数字控制系统加以实现,实验结果表明控制系统具有较高的控制精度和较好的控制性能。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks