一种新型高效宽带整流电路

提出一种新型高效宽带整流电路。通过在整流二极管前端串联一段微带线的方式,在其呈感性的范围内调节其长度,抵消二极管在基频上产生的容抗,使阻抗匹配时可以采用1/4波长阻抗变换方式取代单枝节匹配的方式,因而该整流电路的整体结构紧凑,同时拓展了工作带宽。改进直流滤波结构中的扇形枝节,根据其影响直流电压波形的现象调节其尺寸,使得输出直流电压纹波平稳,进一步提高整流效率。设计了一只5.8 GHz整流电路,测试表明,输入功率在0～16 dBm的范围内,该电路整流效率都在55%以上,最高效率达到78.7%;在13 dBm输入功率时,达到70%以上整流效率的相对带宽有16.6%。     

用于无线唤醒的超高频倍压整流电路设计

针时zigBee,蓝牙等设备的无线唤醒应用,提出了超高频倍压整流电路的分析模型.该模型考虑了接收信号强度,二极管参数,倍压整流电路级数以及负载阻抗等主要电路元件参数.利用该模型能准确计算使得电路性能最优化所需的元件参数并节省设计时间,模型的计算结果与Hspice仿真结果吻合.利用该模型计算得出的元件参数设计无线唤醒电路,仿真结果表明,当输入信号的频率为2.4GHz、功率为-37dBm,负载为200MΩ反相器时,几十微秒内输出电平可以达到Ⅳ,可应用于现有的无线设备中,产生直接的经济效益.     

井下小型化微波输能整流电路的研究与设计

为了解决井下无线传感器能量供给的问题,提出一种新型的小型化整流电路的设计,由改进滤波器的方法实现阻抗匹配,这种整流电路具有结构简单、尺寸小和整流效率高等优点。通过应用ADS仿真工具,在频率为5.8 GHz、负载为680Ω时,整流电路的最大整流效率为77.9%。通过测试,在输入功率为16 dBm时,输出电压可达4.4 V,转化效率为71.2%,证明其可以用于传感器无线充电整流电路中。     

三电平脉冲整流器的仿真与分析

随着电力电子技术的发展,高功率因数,低谐波的PWM整流器也逐渐得到了应用。PWM整流器消除了传统整流电路（如二极管构成的不可控整流电路和晶闸管构成的相控整流电路）的谐波分量大、功率因数低且不可任意控制等缺点。当整流装置应用于高压场合时,需要使用高反压的功率开关管IGBT或将多个功率开关管串联使用,而三电平整流器[2]的每一个功率开关器件所承受的关断电压仅为直流侧电压的一半,因此在同等条件下直流母线电压可以提高一倍,故它比两电平更适合于高压、大功率应用场合。本实验以三电平中点箝位PWM整流器[2]为研究对象。     

推挽正激电容箝位零电压同步整流变流器研究

为进一步提高推挽变流器的效率,在传统的推挽电路一次侧高压侧中心抽头之间串联一个箝位电容器,实现漏感能量无损伤吸收并回馈到输入侧,并建立一次侧两个绕组之间的耦合关系,使一次侧两个绕组同时向二次侧传递能量,以降低一次侧吸收电路的损耗;同时,二次侧输出侧利用同步整流MOS管的双向导通特性,在输出端用同步整流MOS管代替整流二极管,降低整流电路的功率损耗,并针对弱电控制部分提出一种双闭环控制策略。最后,文章基于建模分析与仿真搭建一台240 W的工程样机,对控制环路及主功率器件的关键波形进行分析。分析结果表明,相对传统的推挽变流器,该电路拓扑可以有效减少桥臂开关损耗、降低二次侧整流电路的功率损耗,变流器的整体效率提高3%左右。     

两种高功率因数开关电源设计的比较

针对传统开关电源因输入电路采用不可控二极管或相控晶闸管整流而存在输入电流谐波含量大、功率因数低的问题,提出了两种高功率因数开关电源的设计方案,分析了采用APFC技术和PWM整流技术来提高开关电源功率因数的原理,并采用Matlab7.6仿真软件对单相全桥电压型PWM整流电路和APFC电路进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,基于PWM整流技术的开关电源能更好地实现高功率因数,减少谐波电流。     

1800MHz射频能量收集系统仿真与分析

射频能量收集系统的输出电压以及功率转换效率(PCE)是衡量系统性能的两个重要参数。本文电路工作在1 800 MHz频段,主要由接收天线、阻抗匹配电路、六阶整流倍压电路和负载电路构成,在ADS仿真时信号源功率在-30 dBm~0 dBm之间变化、负载电阻值在100 kΩ~500 kΩ之间变化,观察整个电路输出电压和功率转换效率的变化情况。结果表明,增大入射功率和负载电阻都能提高电路输出电压,PCE随着入射功率的增强而增大但会随着负载电阻的增大而减小,收集较大功率射频信号的系统无论是输出电压还是功率都可以满足低功耗设备的工作需求。     

一种基于BUCK调压的小功率高压电源

该文设计了一种可调的小功率高压电源,其主电路拓扑包括Buck模块、逆变电路、高频变压器和倍压电路。输入的交流电源经整流滤波电路变为直流,通过BUCK预稳压电路将电压稳定,再经过半桥逆变电路将直流电压变为交流电压,然后通过一个倍压电路将电压升高,最后整流滤波输出稳定高压。研究主要内容包括BUCK电路的分析设计、半桥逆变电路分析设计、倍压电路的设计,控制电路的设计,并利用PSPICE软件进行相应各部分的仿真和参数优化。该研究实现的主要性能是:给定输入电压是交流220V,要求输出电压在范围0~15KV内大范围可调,功率为15W,输出纹波要小于1%。     

基于GaN HEMT F类功率放大电路设计

本文基于一款商用GaN HEMT功率器件设计了一款工作在2.45GHz的高效F类功率放大器。该电路的设计利用负载牵引—源牵引仿真技术的方法,确定基波的最佳功率和最佳效率阻抗区域。输出匹配网络在功率器件电流源面对二次谐波短路,对三次谐波开路。另外,为该放大器设计了一款时序保护电路,可提供栅极电压-2.7V,漏极电压28V。仿真结果显示,在2.45GHz时,饱和输出功率为44.17dBm,功率附加效率为73.1%,增益14.1dB。可以应用于微波无线能量传输、微波加热等领域。     

面向微小型机器人的5.8GHz微波能量传输系统

提出了面向微小型机器人的5.8 GHz 微波能量传输系统,采用Ritz-Galerkin（RG）方法建立了微波能 量传输系统射频整流电路模型,分析了整流二极管的整流性能,得到了输入功率与输出电压、整流效率与负载比之 间的关系．设计了八木振子天线,提高了能量接收的定向性．最后搭建了微小型机器人微波能量传输实验系统,开 展了利用微波传输能量驱动微机器人的实验,验证了利用微波能量传输系统为微小型机器人供能的可行性．     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。