磷酸化香菇多糖的制备及其部分理化性质的研究

研究了制备磷酸化香菇多糖的工艺条件及其部分理化性质.通过单因素实验,考察磷酸化试剂、温度、时间、pH值对修饰后香菇多糖磷酸根接枝量、黏度的影响,确定最佳磷酸化工艺条件为:5%三聚磷酸钠(STPP)和2%三偏磷酸钠(STMP)混合液作为磷酸化试剂,温度90℃,时间5h,pH值9.O,所得磷酸化香菇多糖衍生物的磷酸根接枝量为6.826%.同时对修饰前后香菇多糖的理化性质进行分析,红外光谱表明磷酸基团已被接枝上且多糖性质无较大变化.     

香菇多糖磷酸化修饰工艺条件的研究

研究了制备磷酸化香菇多糖的工艺条件。通过单因素实验,考察磷酸化试剂、温度、时间、pH值对修饰后香菇多糖磷酸根接枝量、粘度的影响,确定最佳磷酸化工艺条件为:质量分数分别为5%三聚磷酸钠(STPP)和2%三偏磷酸钠(STMP)混合液作为磷酸化试剂,温度90℃,时间5h,pH 9.0,所得磷酸化香菇多糖衍生物的磷酸根接枝量为6.826%。红外光谱分析结果证实,修饰后的香菇多糖含有磷酸酯基团。粘度测定表明,香菇多糖经磷酸化修饰后的粘度基本没有变化。     

磷酸化香菇多糖的工艺优化

研究了香菇多糖的磷酸化优化工艺条件,并对修饰后的磷酸根接枝量和粘度进行测定.采用正交实验,考察磷酸化试剂用量、温度、时间、pH对修饰后香菇多糖磷酸根接枝量和粘度的影响.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:8%混合磷酸化试剂(5%三聚磷酸钠和2%三偏磷酸钠的混合试剂),温度80℃,时间5h,pH8.0.在该反应条件下,磷酸化香菇多糖衍生物的磷酸根接枝量为7.77%,粘度测定表明,香菇多糖经磷酸化后,粘度几乎没有变化.     

桑葚多糖的磷酸化修饰及其抗氧化活性研究

桑葚多糖(MP)是桑葚中的主要生物活性成分,具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化等多种生理活性.文章对MP进行磷酸化修饰,以磷酸化桑葚多糖(PMP)中的磷酸根含量为指标,对其工艺条件进行优化,并考察磷酸化前后的抗氧化活性变化.研究表明,桑葚多糖磷酸化修饰的最佳工艺条件是:三聚磷酸钠与三偏磷酸钠的质量比为3∶4、反应温度89℃、反应时间4...     

浒苔多糖的磷酸化修饰工艺

利用离子交换层析和凝胶层析对浒苔多糖进行分离纯化,并探讨其磷酸化修饰的最佳工艺条件。通过单因素试验确定反应温度、反应时间、反应pH值、磷酸化试剂质量浓度的取值范围,再用响应面设计法确定磷酸化修饰的最佳条件。结果表明:反应时间、磷酸化试剂质量浓度显著影响浒苔多糖磷酸化程度,当反应温度80℃、反应时间5h、反应pH9.0、磷酸化试剂质量浓度0.10g/mL时,磷酸化修饰的浒苔多糖磷酸根含量(以P计)达到14.40%。     

乳酸乳球菌胞外多糖磷酸化的工艺优化

采用单因素和正交试验,对乳酸乳球菌胞外多糖的磷酸化工艺进行研究,探讨磷酸盐用量、反应温度、反应时间、反应pH值对乳酸乳球菌胞外多糖最终PO43-接枝量的影响。所得的乳酸乳菌球菌胞外多糖磷酸化的工艺优化条件为：胞外多糖与磷酸盐质量比为6:1、温度90℃、时间4h、pH6.0,此条件下所得PO43-的接枝量为1.639mg/g。     

黑木耳多糖的磷酸化修饰及其抗氧化活性研究

本研究对黑木耳胞外多糖(Auricularia auricular polysaccharide,AAP)进行磷酸化修饰,通过响应面法优化了磷酸化修饰黑木耳多糖的工艺条件,并对磷酸化黑木耳多糖(phosphorylated auricularia auricula polysaccharide,P-AAP)进行抗氧化活性研究。结果显示磷酸化修饰黑木耳多糖的最佳条件为磷酸化试剂中三聚磷酸钠(sodium tripolyphosphate,STPP)与三偏磷酸钠(sodium trimetaphosphate,STMP)质量比为5:2,反应温度88℃,反应时间5 h,反应pH为8.6,此条件下多糖中磷酸根含量为9.93%。抗氧化活性试验结果表明,与AAP相比,经过DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow柱及葡聚糖凝胶G-100柱纯化后的P-AAP1对DPPH自由基的清除率提高了34.37%,半抑制浓度(IC₅₀)为1.07 mg/mL;对羟基自由基的清除率提高了30.39%,IC₅₀值为0.91 mg/mL;对超氧阴离子自由基的清除率提高了26.40%,IC₅₀值为0.41 mg/mL。因此,黑木耳胞外多糖通过磷酸化修饰后其抗氧化活性能被显著提高。     

酶解辅助提取香菇多糖工艺优化及其抗氧化活性

以香菇为试材,采用单因素试验结合正交试验优化香菇多糖的提取工艺,研究香菇多糖的抗氧化活性。该试验采用酶解辅助法提取香菇多糖,考察纤维素酶添加量、提取温度、提取时间、料液比对香菇多糖含量的影响。结果表明：香菇多糖的最佳工艺条件参数为纤维素酶添加量0.4%、提取温度60℃、提取时间2 h、料液比1∶20(g/mL)。在该工艺条件下,香菇多糖含量达到5.73%,相对标准偏差（relative standard deviation,RSD）为1.73%,表明该工艺稳定可行。在最佳工艺条件下得到的香菇多糖提取物的羟基自由基清除率达到31.34%,香菇多糖具有较强的体外抗氧化活性。     

微波法辅助提取香菇多糖的工艺研究

为了进一步确定微波技术辅助提取香菇中香菇多糖的工艺,以微波时间、溶液pH、料液比为因素水平,采用单因素与正交分析法研究了其提取工艺。结果表明,香菇多糖的最佳提取条件为:pH值为8,料液比1∶40,微波时间7 min,香菇多糖提取得率可达5.47%。     

桦褐孔菌多糖磷酸化修饰工艺研究

桦褐孔菌多糖是桦褐孔菌中主要的生物活性成分,在抗氧化、提高免疫力等方面具有重要作用和广泛的药用价值。该文以桦褐孔菌为研究对象,以桦褐孔菌多糖溶液中磷酸根含量为指标,通过单因素试验及响应面法对桦褐孔菌多糖磷酸化修饰工艺条件进行优化,以提高其多糖的生物活性。结果表明,桦褐孔菌多糖磷酸化修饰最佳工艺条件：三聚磷酸钠与三偏磷酸钠质量比为6∶1、反应温度为75℃,反应时间为4 h,pH值为8.6,修饰后的桦褐孔菌多糖溶液中磷酸根含量为9.58%。该结果为桦褐孔菌多糖磷酸化衍生物的开发提供参考依据。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press