Axial Mixing and Mass Transfer Performance of an Annular Pulsed Disc-and-Doughnut Column

The annular pulsed disc-and-doughnut column (APDDC) is an important type of extraction equipment in the PUREX process, which has been used in several commercial reprocessing plants. As there are few mass transfer experimental results reported in the literature, the axial mixing and mass transfer performance of an APDDC was studied for both extraction and stripping processes in the present work. Two parameters in the axial dispersion model (ADM), namely, the axial dispersion coefficient of the continuous phase and the number of mass transfer units, were regressed by correlating ADM with experimental concentration profiles. The influence of flow rate and pulsation intensity on these parameters was also investigated. Models developed for the PDDC were tested for correlation with APDDC experimental data and suitable models and conditions were determined. The height of a mass transfer unit was also calculated, which highlights the impact of axial mixing on mass transfer performance. Moreover, the influence of internal wettability on mass transfer performance was discussed.     

填料塔中牛血清清蛋白在聚乙二醇-硫酸铵双水相系统中的传质特性

研究了填料塔中牛血清清蛋白在聚乙二醇－硫酸铵双水相系统中的传质特性,测定了分散相含率和传质系数,用修正的Ｈａｎｄｌｏｌｓ－Ｂａｒｏｎ模型对实验数据进行关联,得到了相应的关联式,关联值与实验值相比,偏差小于５％。     

梯形波脉冲筛板萃取柱传质性能

本文以UO_2(NO_3)_2—30％TBP(KO)为实验体系,进行了梯形波脉冲筛板柱传质性能的研究。实验中测量了两组分的两相稳态浓度剖面共13组,以扩散模型为基础,求得了梯形波脉冲柱的“真实”传质单元高度HTU_(ox),分散单元高度HDU及表观传质单元高度HTU_(oxp)。通过对实验结果进行分析,选择出了适于本实验体系的较好的操作条件。     

鼓泡床反应器内流动与传质行为的研究进展

总结了有关浆态鼓泡床反应器内流动、混合用气液传质特性的研究成果,详细地介绍了鼓泡床反应器内气含率、液速、液体轴向扩散系数、传质系数的测量方法,阐述了鼓泡床反应器性能的主要影响因素,如系统压力、温度、气体表观气速、液体性质及固含率等对流动、液相混合和传质特性的影响,并对鼓泡床反应器的应用前景进行了详述.     

色谱法测定葡萄糖果糖在制备柱上的传质和扩散系数

色谱模型对研究色谱分离过程中的传质动力学具有重要的意义。根据物料守恒原理,结合传质扩散模型推导色谱分离连续方程。假设吸附过程相平衡是线性,连续性方程推导出理论板数与流速和色谱模型参数有关。在多组不同流速条件下测定色谱柱参数,计算得到两组分的传质系数和扩散系数。分别用测定模型参数模拟脉冲实验,结果表明拟合较好。     

浆态鼓泡床反应器气液传质特性的研究进展

本文总结了有关浆态鼓泡床反应器气液传质特性的研究成果。详细地阐述了主要影响因素如系统压力、温度、气体表观气速、液体性质,固体浓度及其物性等对传质特性的影响,并对浆态鼓泡床传质模型进行了归纳介绍,最后对反应器未来的研究方向进行了预测。     

Characteristics of a countercurrent reciprocating plate bubble column. II. Axial mixing and mass transfer

Oxygen absorption from air into water and axial dispersion in the aqueous phase have been measured in a 5 cm diameter reciprocating plate bubble column. The volumetric mass transfer coefficients in semi-batch conditions were found to increase with agitation and were correlated with the specific power input and air flow rate. Under countercurrent conditions, it was found that axial mixing had little effect and conditions approached plug flow. The volumetric mass transfer coefficients were correlated with specific power input, air and water flow rates. Mass transfer coefficients were estimated using holdup and bubble diameter results. Comparison of the coefficients with the literature values indicated that the bubble surfaces were partially mobile.     

多级搅拌塔气液液系统的轴向混合

本文在内径为５４ｍｍ，级数为１６的多级搅拌塔中，研究了空气－水－煤油系统的轴向混合性质。讨论了搅拌转速、水相流速、有机相流速及气相流速对液体连续相和分散相轴向混合的影响。得到了操作范围内描述塔内轴向扩散系数的关联式。对连续水相：Ｅｃ＝０．７４５·Ｎｓ０．５３０·ｕｇ０．４５９·ｕｃ０．６９１·ｕｄ０．３１９对分散有机相：Ｅｄ＝２１．９２·Ｎｓ０．４６５·ｕｇ０．８９８·ｕｃ０．２５８·ｕｄ０．７６２     

填料类型对脉冲填料萃取塔性能的影响

采用３０％ＴＢＰ（煤油）／ＨＡｃ／水体系研究了脉冲填料萃取塔的流体动力学和传质特性,考察了脉冲强度和填普类型对塔性能的影响。实验表明装填ＱＨ－１型扁环的脉冲填料 性能明显优于装填陶瓷和不锈钢拉西环的脉冲塔。文中给出了装填ＱＨ－１型扁环的脉冲填普塔的特性速度和Ｈｏｘｐ的经验计算式。     

聚并-分散脉冲筛板萃取塔的传质与轴向混合特性

A new configuration of coalescence-dispersed pulsed-sieve-plate extraction column (CDPSEC) was developed, and the mass transfer and axial mixing characteristics were evaluated with the two-point dynamic method.The influence of operation conditions was discussed with experimental results, showing that the mass transfer performance of CDPSEC mainly depends on the energy input and the holdup of dispersed phase. Higher energy input results in higher holdhp of the dispersed phase, the axial mixing of the continuous phase is suppressed, and the true height of mass transfer unit decreases markedly. On the other hand, higher energy input leads to more serious forward mixing of the dispersed phase, so the energy input should be limited. Accordingly the operation conditions were divided into two regions, and empirical correlations for predicting the mass transfer and axial mixing characteristics in different regions with a satisfactory accuracy were suggested.     

Axial mixing and mass transfer in a vibrating perforated plate extraction column

The axial mixing and countercurrent mass transfer characteristics of a 5 cm diameter extraction column agitated by vibrating perforated Teflon plates have been investigated. The dispersed phase was an organic liquid (usually kerosene) and the continuous phase was water. Axial mixing was measured in both phases using pulse tracer techniques; in the continuous phase the axial mixing was estimated to have a significant effect on mass transfer, but axial mixing in the dispersed phase had a negligible effect. Mass transfer was measured for several different solutes; n-butyric acid, benzoic acid and phenol. The overall heights of a transfer unit (cont. phase) were in the order of 10-20 cm for the organic-acids but higher for transfer of phenol from very dilute solutions. The characteristics of the vibrating plate column have been compared with those of other types of extractor and suggestions are made for further development.     

气体搅拌下微分萃取过程的传质及流体力学性能的研究

在装有静态分布器的萃取塔中 ,对有气体搅拌下的水、煤油 (苯甲酸 )萃取系统的滞液率、气含率和传质系数进行了实验研究 ,从而得出气体搅拌下传质更充分的结论。分析了滞液率、气含率和传质系数的影响因素及分布规律。     

立体传质塔板在乙酸甲酯精馏技改中的应用

选用立体传质塔板取代原乙酸甲酯萃取精馏塔的泡罩塔板进行技术改造,改造后扩产44％,节能约20％,塔压降减小43％,提高了产品质量,降低了原料消耗,技改的设备投资20万元,年增经济效益58．8万元,投资回收期为4个月。     

加压下板波纹规整填料塔中液相混合行为

采用脉冲示踪法测量了在0．3MPa、0．5MPa和0．6MPa压力下以及在一系列液速和气速下250Y型孔板波纹规整填料内液相的混合行为。应用时域最小二乘法由实验数据得到了液相的轴向返混系数和轴向有效流速等参数,并以y=aReL^e10^cReG10^dp的形式对轴向Peclet准数进行了关联。本研究补充了目前缺乏的加压操作下规整填料液相混合行为的数据。     

Axial dispersion in a reciprocating plate column

Axial mixing in a reciprocating plate column with different amplitudes has been investigated for single-phase and two-phase (air-water) systems. Experiments were performed in water in a semi-batch scheme (no water flow) in a 1.26 m high and 101.6 mm internal diameter column. It was found that the axial dispersion coefficient is a strong function of reciprocation speed and amplitude. The presence of gas considerably affects the axial dispersion coefficient but its contribution appears to saturate at low gas flow rates and then, over a large range of gas flow rates, the axial dispersion coefficient was almost constant. Models are proposed based on experimental data to account for the effects of gas superficial velocity, amplitude and reciprocating frequency. The models predictions are compared with experimental data, obtained over a wide range of operating conditions, and the agreement between them was found to be good. A new class of nonlinear models, for which it is not necessary to have a constant dependency on each operating variable, was also used to correlate the axial dispersion coefficient. This new model allows to carry out sensitivity analysis on each operating variable.     

复合填料萃取塔操作性能研究

在内径为０．１ｍ，高度为１．０ｍ的玻璃萃取塔中，对四种不同填料用低界面张力体系（正丁醇－丁二酸－水）研究了填料塔的流体力学和传质性能，实验结果表明，用其中的两种填料组合的复合填料萃取塔具有较大的通量和较高的传质效率，可望在工业装置中得到推广应用。     

Axial mixing and scaleup of reciprocating plate columns

Axial mixing measurements in single phase (water) flow have been taken in open-type reciprocating plate columns of diameters 25.4 and 508 mm. In the case of the smaller column, two-phase axial mixing was measured, both in the dispersed phase (water dispersed in n-heptane) and the continuous phase (with n-heptane dispersed in water). Pulse injection of a tracer solution of ammonium chloride and methanol in water was used. Under single phase conditions, the axial dispersion coefficients were found to go through a minimum as the agitation level was increased from zero. The coefficients were nearly an order of magnitude higher in the 508 mm column than in the 25,4 mm column. In two phase flow in the 25,4 mm column, the continuous phase axial dispersion coefficients also went through a minimum as agitation was increased. The dispersed phase axial dispersion coefficients decreased monotonically as agitation was increased from zero. The results of this work and previous data are used in modelling the scale-up of reciprocating plate columns by means of Pratt's simplified technique. The existing empirical scale-up equation is consistent with an assumption that continuous phase mixing increased with column diameter but dispersed phase mixing remains unchanged.     

机械搅拌萃取塔中影响传质效果的几个因素

对浆叶旋转式和筛板振动式两种机械搅拌萃取塔进行了传质方面的研究。通过测试大量的实验数据。及计算绘制的图表,校系统地考察分析了旋转（振动）频率,筛板振幅,两相界面,停留时间即取样时间等因素对传质效果的影响,并确定出了最适宜的操作条件。     

超声场与添加剂对鼓泡塔中传质性能的影响?

利用超声场鼓泡塔和双电导探针气泡特征参数测量仪实时测定了加入不同种类和不同浓度添加剂前后鼓泡塔内氨气气含率与传质系数变化规律。实验结果表明：无添加剂时,超声频率为20-50-100 kHz组合,功率100 W时,鼓泡塔内气含率比无超声作用时增加了37%~74%,传质系数增大了39%~61%;气含率和传质系数随加入正辛醇浓度的增大呈现逐渐增长的趋势,当正辛醇浓度超过1.0%(V)时,气含率和传质系数趋于稳定;超声频率为20-50-100 kHz组合,超声功率100 W,正辛醇浓度为1.0%时鼓泡塔内气含率比无添加剂加入时增加了20%,传质系数增大了16%,可见超声场与添加剂协同作用有利强化气液相间分布、提高传质效果。