高分子聚磷腈共混阻燃粘胶纤维的染色

对聚磷腈共混改性阻燃粘胶纤维进行活性染料染色,考察了高分子聚磷腈阻燃剂对粘胶纤维染色性能的影响,以及染色加工对阻燃粘胶纤维阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,聚磷腈阻燃剂对粘胶纤维染色性能的影响很小,染料的固色率随阻燃剂含量的提高略有下降,染色后阻燃粘胶纤维的断裂强度和断裂伸长率有所下降,阻燃性能保持较好。     

阻燃粘胶纤维的制备及性能研究

以二硫代焦磷酸酯为阻燃剂,采用共混添加技术,制备了阻燃粘胶纤维。对阻燃粘胶纤维的微观结构、力学性能及燃烧性能进行了分析研究。结果表明:随着二硫代焦磷酸酯的添加,粘胶纤维力学性能逐渐变差,但纤维阻燃性能得以提高。认为:二硫代焦磷酸酯的添加量为18%时,所制备的阻燃粘胶纤维满足纤维力学性能与生产成本的需要。     

紫外线辐射对阻燃粘胶纤维的染色及其他性能影响

探讨了紫外线辐照处理对阻燃粘胶纤维染色和其他性能的影响,并与普通粘胶纤维进行对比。研究表明,经紫外线辐照处理的阻燃粘胶纤维与普通粘胶纤维的上染率与固色率均有不同程度的上升,热学性能与力学性能有所下降,染色前后纤维保持纤维素Ⅱ的晶型结构不变。因此,合理控制紫外线辐照时间可以提高阻燃粘胶纤维的染色性能。     

星型无卤阻燃剂改性粘胶纤维的制备及其性能

针对粘胶纤维的可燃性带来安全隐患的问题,优选含有六元环结构的六氯环三磷腈作为功能单体,设计合成了一种同时含有磷、氮、硅三元阻燃元素的星型无卤阻燃剂。将该阻燃剂添加到粘胶中,采用湿法纺丝工艺制备了阻燃改性粘胶纤维。借助傅里叶红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、热重分析仪、热重-质谱联用系统等对阻燃改性粘胶纤维的结构和性能进行分析。结果表明:改性后粘胶纤维的阻燃性能明显提高,且具有一定的耐洗性;与未改性粘胶纤维相比,其在氮气氛围下800 ℃时的残炭量从12.5%提高到31.2%;在改性粘胶纤维燃烧过程中,可燃性气体释放量明显降低并产生大量膨胀炭层,说明阻燃剂在气相和凝聚相发挥阻燃作用。     

阻燃涤纶纤维结晶及染色性能的研究

通过密度梯度，固色率测定等方法，研究了阻燃涤纶纤维的结晶及染色性能，实验结果表明，阻燃剂的加入对涤纶纤维的结晶和染色性能有一定影响，这也从侧面反映了阻燃剂和涤纶纤维的部分相容性。     

阻燃粘胶纤维的制备及其性能研究

通过自制不同含量阻燃剂的阻燃粘胶纤维,并测试其热学稳定性、分子结构、极限氧指数及力学性能的差异,分析阻燃剂含量对阻燃粘胶纤维结构与性能的影响。研究表明,阻燃剂的加入并未改变粘胶纤维纤维素II的晶型结构,但随着阻燃剂含量的增加,阻燃粘胶纤维的热学及阻燃性能不断提高,而纤维的力学性能则随着阻燃剂含量的增加而不断降低。研究认为:自制的该型阻燃剂含量在5%~25%之间时生产的阻燃粘胶纤维的阻燃效果与服用性能最佳。     

阻燃粘胶纤维的发展现状及趋势

本文简要介绍了我国阻燃粘胶纤维的发展现状,并重点对不同类型的阻燃纤维代表品种进行了形态结构、机械性能及燃烧性能的对比分析,指出经过改进的无卤化有机磷系阻燃剂仍然是粘胶纤维阻燃加工中最重要的品种,无机阻燃剂将成为粘胶纤维用阻燃剂发展的方向.同时,绿色环保生产工艺的应用及复合功能化系列产品将是阻燃粘胶纤维的发展趋势.     

甲壳素纤维的活性染料和直接染料染色

采用活性和直接染料对甲壳素纤维、甲壳素／粘胶纤维和棉纤维进行染色。通过测定六种活性染料和八种直接染料在不同染料浓度下对甲壳素纤维、粘胶／甲壳素纤维和粘胶纤维的染色固色率，比较了它们的染色性能；考察了甲壳素纤维和棉纤维同浴染色的竞染性能。研究结果表明，甲壳素纤维的竞染能力远高于棉纤维，且在活性染料染色条件下竞染更明显；直接染料和活性染料对甲壳素纤维有相近的固色率，对粘胶纤维而言，直接染料固色率较高。     

阻燃粘胶纤维的研究及其进展

介绍粘胶纤维的阻燃方法、使用的阻燃剂、阻燃机理及国内外阻燃粘胶纤维的研究状况和主要产品 ,指出无毒、对环境友好的无机阻燃剂及纳米无机阻燃剂是粘胶纤维阻燃化的发展方向。     

二硫代焦磷酸酯水性分散体系的制备及其在阻燃粘胶纤维中的应用

针对二硫代焦磷酸酯(DDPS)阻燃剂粒径大,与粘胶纤维(VF)界面相容性差等问题,以聚氧乙烯醚型非离子表面活性剂为分散剂,通过超细加工制备了DDPS水性分散体系;探究了分散剂结构对DDPS粒径的影响,通过响应面试验方法优化超细化工艺参数;然后将DDPS水性分散体系共混添加到粘胶纺丝原液中,通过湿法纺丝制得阻燃粘胶纤维,探究了纤维的阻燃性能。结果表明:牛酯胺聚氧乙烯醚(TA10)和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚(EL90)复配对DDPS具有较好的协同分散作用;当研磨时间为4 h,研磨转速为1 700 r/min,分散剂TA10和EL90质量比为1.2:1时,DDPS分散体系粒径中值为0.310 μm;DDPS在阻燃粘胶原液中分布均匀,且不影响粘胶原液的可纺性;与VF相比,当DDPS质量分数为20%时,阻燃粘胶纤维热释放速率峰值下降了18.8%,极限氧指数从19%升高到31.31%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press