4-[（4-甲基哌嗪-1-基）甲基]苯甲酸二盐酸盐的合成研究

以N-甲基哌嗪及对氰基氯苄为起始原料,经缩合、水解两步反应合成甲磺酸依马替尼的关键中间体4-[（4-甲基哌嗪-1-基）甲基]苯甲酸二盐酸。重点对N-甲基哌嗪用量、水解反应时间和碱液浓度进行了考察,经优化后两步总收率达到76.2%。     

盐酸氟哌噻吨合成工艺研究

对盐酸氟哌噻吨合成工艺进行了优化研究。以2-三氟甲基-9-噻吨酮为起始原料,与1-（2-苄氧乙基）-4-（3-氯丙基）哌嗪进行格式反应,经脱水生成10-[3-[4-（2-苄氧乙基）-1-哌嗪基]丙基-9-羟基-2-三氟甲基噻吨,然后脱保护反应得氟哌噻吨游离碱,成盐而得盐酸氟哌噻吨成品,容量分析法检测纯度高于99．4％,收率大于59．0％。     

1-(2-羟乙基)-4-(2-羟丙基)哌嗪基复合胺脱硫剂的合成与性能

以哌嗪(PZ)、环氧乙烷(EO)、环氧丙烷(PO)为原料,以水为溶剂,PZ先与EO反应后中间产物再与PO反应合成1-(2-羟乙基)-4-(2-羟丙基)哌嗪基复合胺脱硫剂.在PZ初始浓度为0.1 g/mL H2O,PZ:EO:PO摩尔比为1:0.8:1.2,PZ与EO、PO的反应温度分别为35℃、25℃,中间产物与PO在反应时间为150 min的优化条件下,所得复合胺脱硫剂成分为1-(2-羟乙基)-4-(2-羟丙基)哌嗪、N,N′-二(2-羟丙基)哌嗪、N-(2-羟乙基)哌嗪、N-(2-羟丙基)哌嗪、N,N′-二(2-羟乙基)哌嗪、N-(1-甲基-2-羟乙基)哌嗪和哌嗪,其对气体SO2的饱和吸收量为0.7218 mol/mol,解吸率为98.37％.     

1-（1，4-苯并二噁烷-2-甲酰基）哌嗪的合成

1-(1,4-苯并二噁烷-2-甲酰基)哌嗪为甲磺酸多沙唑嗪的重要中间体,以邻苯二酚与环氧氯丙烷为原料,经环合、氧化、氯化、酰化、缩合四步反应合成了治疗高血压和前列腺增生药物甲磺酸多沙唑嗪的关键中间体1-(1,4-苯并二噁烷-2-甲酰基)哌嗪。原料廉价,易得,反应条件温和,操作方便。     

2-苄硫基烟酸的合成研究

以2-氯烟酸为起始原料,用硫脲引入巯基,再与苄基氯反应合成了2-苄硫基烟酸。确定优化的合成工艺为：摩尔比为0．96：1的2-氯烟酸与硫脲反应制得硫脲盐,用40％NaOH溶液水解2h,再滴加苄基氯反应。产物收率达98．6％,高于现有文献值。     

2-[N-(4-甲氧基甲酰基)哌啶基]-3-吡啶甲酸乙酯的合成与表征

以2-氯烟酸、4-哌啶甲酸甲酯为原料反应合成2-[N-(4-甲氧基甲酰基)哌啶基]-3-吡啶甲酸乙酯,幵对合成的产物通过TLC跟踪、测定熔点、红外光谱以及核磁氢谱迚行结构表征,通过实验讨论了4-哌啶甲酸甲酯与中间体2-氯烟酸乙酯的配料比、反应温度对产物收率的影响,确定最佳配料比2-氯烟酸乙酯∶4-哌啶甲酸甲酯=1∶1.2,反应温度为110℃,同时确定最佳合成路线。     

医药中间体4-[(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)羰基]苯胺的合成研究

以氮甲基哌嗪为原料,经对硝基苯甲酰氯酰化和硝基Fe粉还原两步反应合成了医药中间体4-[(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)羰基]苯胺,并通过单因素实验优化合成工艺.酰化反应:溶剂为CH2Cl2,缚酸剂为K2CO3,收率95.67％.还原反应用NH4Cl活化后的Fe粉为还原剂,投料比为n(4-[(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)羰基]硝基苯)...     

（S）-5-（吡咯烷-2-基）-1H-四唑的合成研究

有机催化剂（s）-5-（毗咯烷-2-基）-1H-四唑为L-脯氨酸衍生物,可以高立体选择性的催化-些有机反应。报道了（S）-5-（吡咯烷-2-基）-1H-四唑的合成方法,以N-苄氧羰基-L-脯氨酸为原料,经过酰胺化反应、脱水反应、[3＋2]环加成反应和氢化脱保护反应,并且最终产物以重结晶方法纯化,其结构经。HNMR和^13C NMR表征。     

5-乙酰胺甲基-3-[3-氟-4-（1-哌嗪基苯基）]异噁唑啉的合成

以3,4-二氟苯甲醛、盐酸羟胺为原料,经缩合反应、氯代反应制得3,4-二氟苯肟氯代物（3）;以烯丙基胺为原料经乙酰化反应制得乙酰烯丙基胺（4）;化合物3与化合物4经环合反应、哌嗪取代反应合成终产物5-乙酰胺甲基-3-[3-氟-4-（1-哌嗪基苯基）]异噁唑啉（呈）。总收率为30．2％,纯度为99．1％（HPLC）。     

5-苄氧基-2-(4-苄氧基苯基)-3-甲基-1H-吲哚的合成研究

以4-硝基苯酚、1-(4-羟基苯基)-1-丙酮为起始原料,经过羟基保护、还原、溴代、BischlerM觟hlau吲哚合成法等反应合成了5-苄氧基-2-(4-苄氧基苯基)-3-甲基-1H-吲哚。该路线原料廉价易得、操作简单、副反应少,收率接近50%,具有较好的应用前景。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。